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2,009 results for “disruption”
Data from: Habitat fragmentation in coastal southern California disrupts genetic connectivity in the Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus)
Achieving long-term persistence of species in urbanized landscapes requires characterizing population genetic structure to understand and manage the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on connectivity. Urbanization over the past century in coastal southern California has caused both precipitous loss of coastal sage scrub habitat and declines in populations of the cactus wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus). Using 22 microsatellite loci, we found that remnant cactus wren aggregations in coastal southern California comprised 20 populations based on strict exact tests for population differentiation, and 12 genetic clusters with hierarchical Bayesian clustering analyses. Genetic structure patterns largely mirrored underlying habitat availability, with cluster and population boundaries coinciding with fragmentation caused primarily by urbanization. Using a habitat model we developed, we detected stronger associations between habitat-based distances and genetic distances than Euclidean geographic distance. Within populations, we detected a positive association between available local habitat and allelic richness and a negative association with relatedness. Isolation-by-distance patterns varied over the study area, which we attribute to temporal differences in anthropogenic landscape development. We also found that genetic bottleneck signals were associated with wildfire frequency. These results indicate that habitat fragmentation and alterations have reduced genetic connectivity and diversity of cactus wren populations in coastal southern California. Management efforts focused on improving connectivity among remaining populations may help to ensure population persistence.
Supporting Data for "Disruption of energetic and dynamic base pairing cooperativity in DNA duplexes by an abasic site"
<p>Temperature-jump IR spectroscopy data and coarse-grained molecular dynamics trajectories for three DNA sequences with and without an abasic site.</p>
Alien plants and flower visitors disrupt the seasonal dynamics of mutualistic networks - Dataset
<p>Dataset associated with the manuscript "Alien plants and flower visitors disrupt the seasonal dynamics of mutualistic networks" (Arroyo-Correa et al. 2019)</p>
Dataset Disruptive effects of light pollution on sleep in free-living birds: season and/or light intensity-dependent?
<p>Dataset belonging to the article</p> <p><strong>Disruptive effects of light pollution on sleep in free-living birds:</strong></p> <p><strong>season and/or light intensity-dependent?</strong></p>
Reproduction package for the publication "Tidal disruption event AT2020ocn: early-time X-ray flares caused by a possible disc alignment process"
<p>This package contains the data analysed in the paper "Tidal disruption event AT2020ocn: early–time X–ray flares caused by a possible disc alignment process". The software XSPEC (Arnaud 1996) is needed to perform the spectral analysis and reproduce the results shown in the paper.</p> <p>The structure is as follows:</p> <p>./reproduction_ocn/nicer: contains all processed NICER data used in the paper, grouped by their epochs. "speclist-early.dat" lists all the early-time epochs before MJD 59130. "en_range.dat" lists the selected energy range at each epoch during the early-time period for X-ray spectral analysis. Within each epoch-specific folder, "src.fits" and "bkg.fits" are the source+background and background spectra re-binned using the FTOOL "ftgrouppha"; "*.arf" and "*.rmf" are ancillary file and response file for spectral analysis; rest files are direct products of the NICER data reduction process. See the paper for details.</p> <p>./reproduction_ocn/swift: contains all Swift/UVOT data used in the paper, grouped by their observation IDs. "m2.fits", "w1.fits", and "w2.fits" contain the UV lightcurves from three UV filters, produced by Swift task "uvotproduct". "swfxraypclc.dat" is the Swift/XRT lightcurve, produced by the online Swift pipeline: https://www.swift.ac.uk/user_objects/ (Evans et al. 2009). "./reproduction_ocn/MOSFiT-products/" includes MCMC products from the MOSFiT package (Mockler et al. 2019).</p> <p>./reproduction_ocn/xmm: contains the reduced XMM-Newton/EPIC-pn spectra of three epochs used in the paper. "1and2-slim.xcm" is fitting the XMM#1 and XMM#2 spectra using the slim disc model. "3-phenmnlgcl.xcm" and "3-relxillCp.xcm", are fitting the XMM#3 spectrum with, a powerlaw+zbbody model and a slim disc+relxillCp model, respectively.</p>
Pulsatile electrical stimulation creates predictable, correctable disruptions in neural firing
<p>Raw data from Pulsatile electrical stimulation creates predictable, correctable disruptions in neural firing Nat Comm (2024) . Afferent files include raw experimental recordings from vestibular afferents (mitchel_data_all). Simulation files from the variety of experiments described in the text (optimization_data_andruns -original irregular afferent runs and additional_simulation_experiment_runs - jitter experiment, diff thresholds, etc.). The associated Github also shows how to use each of these experimental outputs to create figures. </p>
Kroll et al., 2024. Behavioural pharmacology predicts disrupted signalling pathways and candidate therapeutics from zebrafish mutants of Alzheimer's disease risk genes
<p>Data repository for</p> <p>François Kroll, Joshua Donnelly, Joshua Donnelly, Güliz Gürel Özcan, Eirinn Mackay, Jason Rihel</p> <div> <div><strong>Behavioural pharmacology predicts disrupted signalling pathways and candidate therapeutics from zebrafish mutants of Alzheimer’s disease risk genes</strong></div> <br> <div>eLife, 2024.</div> <br> <div><a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.96839.1">https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.96839.1</a></div> <div> </div> <div>Code is found in the <a href="https://github.com/francoiskroll/ZFAD">GitHub repository</a>. Please see notes there.</div> </div> <p>___</p> <p>Contact:</p> <p>Twitter: @francois_kroll</p> <p>Email: francois@kroll.be</p>
Host Finding Disruption of Diaphorina Citri by Guava Shoot Extract and Menochilus Sexmaculatus
<div> <p>This material has presented on 2nd International Conference on Advance Research in Agriculture and Food 2023 in October 25, 2023.</p> </div>
Datasets for the manuscript: "Metabolic disruption of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by bisphenol A. An integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic approach"
<h1>Metabolomics datasets for the manuscript: Metabolic disruption of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by bisphenol A. An integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic approach</h1> <h2><em>Instrumental conditions</em></h2> <p>LC-MS analyses were carried out using an Agilent Infinity 1200 series LC system coupled with an orthogonal G1385-44300 interface (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) to a 6220 oa-TOF LC/MS mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies). LC control and separation data acquisition were performed using ChemStation software (Agilent Technologies) that was running in combination with the MassHunter workstation software (Agilent Technologies) for control and data acquisition of the TOF mass spectrometer. For the chromatographic separations, an HILIC TSK Gel Amide-80 column (250 mm length, 2.1 mm inner diameter and 5 μm particle size, Tosoh Bioscience, Tokyo, Japan) was used at 25 °C with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.15 mL·min<sup>−1</sup>. Elution gradient was performed using solvent A (acetonitrile) and solvent B (5 mM of ammonium acetate adjusted to pH 5.5 with acetic acid) as follows: 0–8 min, linear gradient from 25 to 30% B; 8–12 min, from 30 to 60% B; 12–17 min, 60% B; 17–20 min, back linearly from 60% to 25% B; and from 20 to 27 min, 25% B. Solvents were degassed for 15 min by sonication before use. Sample injection was performed with an autosampler at 4 °C, and the injection volume was 5 μL. All samples (six replicates per treatment: control, 4.4 μM BPA, 8.8 μM BPA and 17.5 μM BPA) were randomly injected. Several blank samples and calibration standards were also randomly injected to further assess the stability of the instrument among runs.</p> <p>The TOF mass spectrometer operated both in positive and negative mode using the following parameters: capillary voltage 4000 V, drying gas temperature 350 °C, drying gas flow rate 8 L·min<sup>−1</sup>, nebulizer gas 32 psi, fragmentor voltage 150 V, skimmer voltage 65 V and OCT 1 RF Vpp voltage 300 V. Data were collected in profile mode at 1 spectrum/s (approximately 10 000 transients/spectrum) with an <em>m/z</em> range of 85–1000 working in the extended dynamic range mode (2 GHz) with the mass range set to standard.</p> <h2><em>List of files</em></h2> <h3>Negative ionization</h3> <ul> <li>Control x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> <li>BPA 1 ppm x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> <li>BPA 2 ppm x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> <li>BPA 4 ppm x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> </ul> <h3>Positive ionization</h3> <ul> <li>Control x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> <li>BPA 1 ppm x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> <li>BPA 2 ppm x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> <li>BPA 4 ppm x 12 samples - 6 x 2 replicates</li> </ul>
Data from: "Eddington envelopes: The fate of stars on parabolic orbits tidally disrupted by supermassive black holes" (Price et al. 2024)
<p>The paper by Price et al. (2024; <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.09381">arXiv:2404.09381</a>) simulates the tidal disruption of a one solar mass polytropic star by a million-solar-mass supermassive black hole, using the Phantom general relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamics code (Price et al. 2018). The code used to perform the simulations is available at:</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/danieljprice/phantom">https://github.com/danieljprice/phantom</a></p> <p>This dataset contains:</p> <ol> <li>Scripts, intermediate data products and other small files used to create each figure in the paper</li> <li>Selected snapshots and other raw data from the four main calculations shown in the paper</li> </ol> <p>The main datasets contain parameter files and snapshots from the simulations used to create figures in the paper.small data files from the simulations and post-processing scripts used to create the scientific results and figures shown in the paper. Each simulation dataset contains:</p> <p><strong>.setup file:</strong> parameter file used by phantomsetup to create the initial conditions for the star itself<br><br><strong>.in file:</strong> parameter file used by phantom to perform the calculation<br><br><strong>tde_00000, tde_00100, tde_00200 etc:</strong> binary code snapshots containing raw data (particle positions, velocities, thermal energy, etc), these can be read/visualised/converted using the free and open source codes SPLASH (Price et al. 2007):<br><br><a href="https://github.com/danieljprice/splash">https://github.com/danieljprice/splash</a></p> <p>or Sarracen:</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/ttricco/sarracen">https://github.com/ttricco/sarracen</a></p> <p>SPLASH was used to create figures in the paper. The format and ways to read these data files are described in:</p> <p><a href="https://phantomsph.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user-guide/dumpfile.html">https://phantomsph.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user-guide/dumpfile.html</a></p> <p><strong>tde01.ev, tde02.ev etc:</strong> ascii files (see header) containing global quantities like total angular momentum, total momentum, total energy etc as a function of time. Each number corresponds to a restart of the code (i.e. resubmission of the job to the queue on the cluster).</p> <p><strong>tde01.log, tde02.log: </strong>output log from the simulations themselves, this contains some useful information like the unit scalings, typical timestep and code performance, hardware information etc.</p> <p><em><strong>.defaults, .limits, .units and .filenames:</strong> parameter files used by SPLASH to create particular figures. For example, to use the files lightcurve.defaults, lightcurve.units, lightcurve.limits and lightcurve.filenames one would plot using splash -p lightcurve</em></p> <p>The relevant raw data directories are:</p> <p><strong>beta1_hres: </strong>raw data from the adiabatic, beta=1 calculation</p> <p><strong>beta5_hres:</strong> raw data from the adiabatic, beta=5 calculation</p> <p><strong>beta1_isentropic: </strong>raw data from the isentropic, beta=1 calculation with a non-spinning black hole</p> <p><strong>beta1_isentropic_kerr_a99_i60:</strong> raw data from the isentropic, beta=1 calculation with a maximally-spinning black hole with the initial stellar orbit at an incliation of 60 degrees to the black hole spin</p> <p><strong>The procedure to recreate each figure and post-processing analysis used in the paper is explained in the README.md placed in each directory unpacked from the figureX.zip file</strong></p> <p> </p>
ASO-mediated knockdown of GPNMB in mutant-GRN and Grn-deficient peripheral myeloid cells disrupts lysosomal function and immune responses
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increases in GPNMB are detectable in FTD-<em>GRN</em> cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and post-mortem brain, and brains of aged <em>Grn</em>-deficient mice. Although no upregulation of GPNMB is observed in the brains of young <em>Grn</em>-deficient mice, peripheral immune cells of these mice do exhibit this increase in GPNMB. Importantly, the functional significance of GPNMB upregulation in progranulin-deficient states is currently unknown. Given that GPNMB has been discussed as a potential therapeutic target in <em>GRN</em>-mediated neurodegeneration, it is vital for the field to determine what the normal function of GPNMB is in the immune system, and whether targeting GPNMB will elicit beneficial or deleterious effects.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of GPNMB knock-down via antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 25 neurologically healthy controls (NHCs) and age- and sex-matched FTD-<em>GRN </em>patients, as well as peritoneal macrophages (pMacs) from progranulin-deficient (<em>Grn</em><sup>-/-</sup>) and B6 mice. Lysosomal function, antigen presentation and MHC-II processing and recycling were assessed, as well as cytokine release and transcription.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate here that ASO-mediated knockdown of GPNMB increases lysosomal burden and cytokine secretion in FTD-GRN carrier and neurologically healthy controls (NHCs) monocytes. <span>ASO-mediated knockdown of GPNMB in <em>Grn</em>-deficient macrophages decreased lysosomal pan-cathepsin activity and protein degradation. In addition, </span>ASO-mediated knockdown of GPNMB increased MHC-II surface expression, which was driven by decreased MHC-II uptake and recycling, in macrophages from <em>Grn</em>-deficient females. Finally, ASO-mediated knockdown of GPNMB dysregulated IFN<span><span><span>g</span></span>-stimulated cytokine transcription and secretion by mouse macrophages due to the absence of regulatory actions of the GPNMB extracellular fragment (ECF). </span></p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><span>Our data herein reveals that </span>GPNMB has a regulatory effect on multiple immune effector functions, including capping inflammation and immune responses in myeloid cells via secretion of its ECF. Therefore, in progranulin-deficient states, the drastic upregulation in GPNMB transcript and protein may represent a compensatory mechanism to preserve lysosomal function in myeloid cells. These novel findings indicate that targeted depletion in FTD-<em>GRN</em> would not be a rational therapeutic strategy because it is likely to dysregulate important immune cell effector functions.</p>
Predicting Weather Disruptions for the ICC Champions Trophy 2025 in Pakistan Using Machine Learning and Data Analytics
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Source data sets_Figure 1, 2, 6_Salmonella cancer therapy metabolically disrupts tumours at the collateral cost of T cell immunity
<p>Flow cytometry data files associated with Copland <em>et al., </em><strong><em><span>Salmonella </span></em></strong><strong><span>cancer therapy metabolically disrupts tumours at the collateral cost of T cell immunity.</span></strong></p> <p><span>Data associated to Figures 1, 2 and 6. <br></span></p>
Interactive maps: Unveiling hidden risks in healthcare from flood-induced transportation disruption
<p>We provide interactive maps in HTML format, viewable in standard web browsers, to illustrate the impact of flood events (indicated by the index in the title) on specific regions, focusing on hospitals at risk. This collection includes 321 maps, each representing a hospital where the change in service population exceeds 0.3. Hovering over the hospital symbols (marked with a plus) reveals meta information, including service population details before and after a flood event. Additionally, hovering over the polygons provides further insights into the hospital in focus, offering a detailed view of each facility’s status and impact zone.</p>
Dataset for: Root exudates simultaneously form and disrupt soil organo-mineral associations
<p>Dataset for the publication:</p> <p>Shabtai, I.A., Hafner, B.D., Schweizer, S.A. <em>et al.</em> Root exudates simultaneously form and disrupt soil organo-mineral associations. <em>Commun Earth Environ</em> <strong>5</strong>, 699 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01879-6</p>
Data from: Nutrient pollution disrupts key ecosystem functions on coral reefs
There is a long history of examining the impacts of nutrient pollution and pH on coral reefs. However, little is known about how these two stressors interact and influence coral reef ecosystem functioning. Using a six-week nutrient addition experiment, we measured the impact of elevated nitrate (NO3) and phosphate (PO43) on net community calcification (NCC) and net community production (NCP) rates of individual taxa and combined reef communities. Our study had four major outcomes: 1) NCC rates declined in response to nutrient addition in all substrate types; 2) the mixed community switched from net calcification to net dissolution under medium and high nutrient conditions; 3) nutrients augmented pH variability through modified photosynthesis and respiration rates; and 4) nutrients disrupted the relationship between NCC and aragonite saturation state documented in ambient conditions. These results indicate that the negative effect of NO3 and PO43 addition on reef calcification is likely both a direct physiological response to nutrients and also an indirect response to a shifting pH environment from altered NCP rates. Here, we show that nutrient pollution could make reefs more vulnerable to global changes associated with ocean acidification and accelerate the predicted shift from net accretion to net erosion.
Data from: Cannabinoids disrupt memory encoding by functionally isolating hippocampal CA1 from CA3
Much of the research on cannabinoids (CBs) has focused on their effects at the molecular and synaptic level. However, the effects of CBs on the dynamics of neural circuits remains poorly understood. This study aims to disentangle the effects of CBs on the functional dynamics of the hippocampal Schaffer collateral synapse by using data-driven nonparametric modeling. Multi-unit activity was recorded from rats doing an working memory task in control sessions and under the influence of exogenously administered tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary CB found in marijuana. It was found that THC left firing rate unaltered and only slightly reduced theta oscillations. Multivariate autoregressive models, estimated from spontaneous spiking activity, were then used to describe the dynamical transformation from CA3 to CA1. They revealed that THC served to functionally isolate CA1 from CA3 by reducing feedforward excitation and theta information flow. The functional isolation was compensated by increased feedback excitation within CA1, thus leading to unaltered firing rates. Finally, both of these effects were shown to be correlated with memory impairments in the working memory task. By elucidating the circuit mechanisms of CBs, these results help close the gap in knowledge between the cellular and behavioral effects of CBs.
Habitat alteration facilitates the dominance of invasive species through disrupting niche partitioning in floodplain wetlands
<p>Aim: Exotic species invasion often leads to declines in local and regional biodiversity, particularly in freshwater ecosystems. This biodiversity loss is generally facilitated by human activities such as land cover change and hydrological alternation. Recent advances in stable isotope analysis (SIA) have been highlighted in many studies addressing fundamental issues in invasion ecology, especially in quantifying competition for resources between native and exotic species. However, how anthropogenic disturbance influences trophic relationships among invasive and native species remains poorly understood.</p> <p>Location: Middle-lower Yangtze River region, China</p> <p>Methods: To investigate the effects of human disturbance on interspecific trophic interactions, this study compared isotopic niche space and overlap of the introduced red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and the native oriental river shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) and freshwater snail (Bellamya aeruginosa) in natural and modified wetlands.</p> <p>Results: Based on carbon and nitrogen SIA, we found ubiquitous niche shifts in macroinvertebrates with increased competition, which might lead to significant niche contraction in modified habitats at both community and population scales. Moreover, the isotopic niche width of the exotic crayfish was twice as larger as that of natives at both habitats, suggesting that the exotic P. clarkii had great competitive superiority over the native species. However, the effects of habitat modification on niche overlap were inconsistent. While the niche overlap between crayfish and shrimp was significantly higher in modified habitats than in natural open waters, niche overlap between crayfish and the snail was significantly reduced.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Collectively, our findings highlight that the competitive outcomes of interspecific trophic interactions can be dependent on the prey availability and diversity, which embraces both the classic optimal foraging theory and competition theory to understand how environmental change, such as habitat alternation, affects the biological invasion processes.</p>
Field-realistic antidepressant exposure disrupts group foraging dynamics in mosquitofish
<p></p><p> Psychoactive pollutants, such as antidepressants, are increasingly detected in the environment. Mounting evidence suggests that such pollutants can disrupt the behaviour of non-target species. Despite this, few studies have considered how the response of exposed organisms might be mediated by social context. To redress this, we investigated the impacts of two environmentally realistic concentrations of a pervasive antidepressant pollutant, fluoxetine, on foraging behaviour in fish (Gambusia holbrooki), tested individually or in a group. Fluoxetine did not alter behaviour of solitary fish. However, in a group setting, fluoxetine exposure disrupted the frequency of aggressive interactions and food consumption, with observed effects being contingent on both the mean weight of group members and the level of within-group variation in weight. Our results suggest that behavioural tests in social isolation may not accurately predict the environmental risk of chemical pollutants for group-living species and highlight the potential for social context to mediate the effects of psychoactive pollutants in exposed wildlife. </p><p></p>
Data from: Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine-scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore
<p>Harvest can disrupt wildlife populations by removing adults with naturally high survival. This can reshape sociospatial structure, genetic composition, fitness, and potentially affect evolution. Genetic tools can detect changes in local, fine-scale genetic structure (FGS) and assess the interplay between harvest-caused social and FGS in populations. We used data on 1,614 brown bears, <i>Ursus arctos</i>, genotyped with 16 microsatellites, to investigate whether harvest intensity (mean low: 0.13 from 1990-2005, mean high: 0.28 from 2006-2011) caused changes in FGS among matrilines (8 matrilines; 109 females ≥ 4 years of age), sex-specific survival and putative dispersal distances, female spatial genetic autocorrelation, matriline persistence, and male mating patterns. Increased harvest decreased FGS of matrilines. Female dispersal distances decreased and male reproductive success was redistributed more evenly. Adult males had lower survival during high harvest, suggesting that higher male turnover caused this redistribution and helped explain decreased structure among matrilines, despite shorter female dispersal distances. Adult female survival and survival probability of both mother and daughter were lower during high harvest, indicating that matriline persistence was also lower. Our findings indicate a crucial role of regulated harvest in shaping populations, decreasing differences among 'groups', even for solitary-living species, and potentially altering the evolutionary trajectory of wild populations.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.