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Fig 5 in Does dredging activity exert an influence on benthic macrofauna in tropical estuaries? Case study on the northern coast of Brazil

Fig 5. Temporal and spatial variation of metals and semimetals concentrations (mg kg-1) in the sediment at SÃo LuÍs Harbor, MaranhÃo, Brazil: (A) Lead, (B) Copper, (C) Chrome, (D) Nickel, (E) Zinc and (F) Arsenic.

Fig. 2 in Does dredging activity exert an influence on benthic macrofauna in tropical estuaries? Case study on the northern coast of Brazil

Fig. 2. Temporal and spatial variation of sub superficial salinity (A), temperature (B), dissolved oxygen (C) and pH (D) at SÃo LuÍs Harbor, MaranhÃo, Brazil.

Fig. 1 in Does dredging activity exert an influence on benthic macrofauna in tropical estuaries? Case study on the northern coast of Brazil

Fig. 1. Map of the location of Port Complex of SÃo LuÍs, MaranhÃo, Brazil, indicating the eight sampling points.

Fig. 4 in Does dredging activity exert an influence on benthic macrofauna in tropical estuaries? Case study on the northern coast of Brazil

Fig. 4. Temporal and spatial variation of total iron (A), dissolved iron (B), manganese (C) and zinc (D) concentrations (mg kg-1) in the sub superficial water at SÃo LuÍs Harbor, MaranhÃo, Brazil. The thick black bar indicates the maximum allowed by resolution 357/05.

Figs 12-15 in Cossura yacy sp. nov. (Cossuridae, Annelida) from a tropical Brazilian estuary

Figs 12-15. Cossura yacy sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy of the chaetae: 12, parapodium 4 and 5; 13, parapodium 5; 14, parapodium 43. Fig. 15, Detail of the pygidium region with anal cirri, in dorsal view. Scales: Figs 12, 0.05 mm 13, 0.0 mm; Fig. 14, 0.1 mm; Fig. 15, 0.04 mm.

Figs 9-11 in Cossura yacy sp. nov. (Cossuridae, Annelida) from a tropical Brazilian estuary

Figs 9-11. Cossura yacy sp. nov., parapodia from a paratype, in anterior view: 9, parapodium 5; 10, parapodium 20; 11, parapodium 43. Scales: Fig. 9, 0.1 mm; Figs 10, 11, 0.05 mm.

Figs 2-4 in Cossura yacy sp. nov. (Cossuridae, Annelida) from a tropical Brazilian estuary

Figs 2-4. Cossura yacy sp. nov., paratype: 2, dorsal overview; 3, dorsal view of anterior region; 4, Narrowing dividing the thoracic and abdominal regions (arrow). Scales: Fig. 2, 0.5 mm; Fig. 3, 0.2 mm; Fig. 4, 0.5 mm.

Figs 5-8 in Cossura yacy sp. nov. (Cossuridae, Annelida) from a tropical Brazilian estuary

Figs 5-8. Cossura yacy sp. nov., paratype: 5, anterior view; 6, two lateral nuchal organs (arrows); 7-8, Dorsal view of the division between the prostomium and peristomium (arrows). Scales: Fig. 5, 0.2 mm; Fig. 6, 0.4 mm; Figs 7, 8, 0.3 mm

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of the foraminifera specimens. Scale bar equals 100 µm. 1-3- Three different specimens of Polysaccammina ipohalina Scott, 1976b, illustrating the differences in size and form. In all specimens it is possible to see attached organic matter; 4-5- Polysaccammina hyperhalina Medioli, Scott, and Petrucci, 1983. 4- complete specimen of P. hyperhalina; 5- aperture view; 6- specimen with several side branches; 7-10- different sized specimens of Ammovertellina sp.; 11-14- various specimens of Reophax nana Rhumbler, 1913; 15-17- Leptohalysis scottii (Chaster, 1892); 15 and 16- side view of two complete specimens; 17- detail on the agglutination of the last chamber; 18- complete specimen of Ammobaculites exiguus Cushman and Brönnimann, 1948b; 19- Ammobaculites sp. with the uncoiled portion broken; 20-22- Ammotium salsum (Cushman and Brönnimann, 1948a); 20- best specimen; 21- smaller specimen; 22- aperture detail; 23- Ammotium sp.; 24-26- different specimens of Miliammina fusca (Brady, 1870); 27-28- Miliammina obliqua Heron-Allen and Earland, 1930; 27- view of the interio-marginal arch of the aperture; 29-30- Arenoparrella mexicana (Kornfeld, 1931); 29- ventral side with view to main aperture and supplementary apertures; 30- dorsal side with view to supplementary apertures; 31-32- Deuterammina eddystonensis Brönnimann and Whittaker, 1990; 31- dorsal view; 32- ventral view; 33-35- Jadammina macrescens (Brady, 1870); 33- dorsal view; 34- ventral view; 35- dorsal view of a deformed test.

FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 1. Location of the study area; 1) Geographical context of the Guadiana River basin in the Iberian Peninsula (Europe). Adapted from chguadiana.es (2012). Coordinate system: Datum ETRS89 UTM Zone 30N; 2) Study area: Map of the Guadiana Estuary with site locations.

FIGURE 7 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 7. Distribution patterns of the common to dominant species in the samples collected in winter along a distance-to-sea and elevation gradients (in relation to MSL).

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of the foraminifera specimens. Scale bar equals 100 µm. 1-4- different sized specimens of Bolivina ordinaria Phleger and Parker, 1952, new name; 5- Buliminella elegantissima (d'Orbigny, 1839b); 6-7- Cornuspira involvens (Reuss 1850); 8-10- Miliolid sp1; 8- apertural view; 9- front view; 10- back view; 11- 13- Miliolid sp2; 11- apertural view; 12- front view; 13- back view; 14-16- Miliolid sp3; 14- front view; 15- apertural view; 16- back view; 17-18- Miliolid sp4; 17- apertural view; 18- front view; 19-21- Miliolid sp5; 19- apertural view; 20- front view; 21- back view; 22-23- Miliolid sp6; 22- front and apertural view; 23- back view; 24-26- Miliolid sp7; 24- front view; 25- apertural view; 26- front and apertural view; 27-29- Miliolid sp8; 27- front view; 28- apertural view; 29- front view of a smaller specimen.

FIGURE 8 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 8. Distribution patterns of the common to dominant species in the samples collected in summer along a distance-to-sea and elevation gradients (in relation to MSL).

FIGURE 3 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 3. Scanning electron and light microscope micrographs of the foraminifera specimens. Scale bar equals 100 µm except where noted otherwhise; 1-2- Jadammina macrescens (Brady, 1870); 1- supplementary apertures view; 2- detail of supplementary apertures (scale bar = 50 µm); 3-4- Lepidodeuterammina plymouthensis Brönnimann and Whittaker, 1990; 3- dorsal view; 4- ventral view; 5-8- Lepidodeuterammina ochracea (Williamson, 1858); 5- dorsal view; 6- ventral view; 7- dorsal view of a smaller specimen; 8- ventral view of a smaller specimen; 9-10- Portatrochammina sp.; 9- dorsal view; 10- ventral view; 11-13- Siphotrochammina sp.; 11- dorsal side with inter-cameral foramen view; 12- dorsal view of a smaller specimen, also with inter-cameral foramen; 13- ventral view of a smaller specimen; 14-16- Tiphotrocha comprimata Saunders, 1957; 14- dorsal view; 15- ventral view; 16- individual strongly attached to a sea-grass leaf; detail of a Pinus pollen grain at the center of the leaf; 17-21- Trochammina inflata (Montagu, 1808); 17- dorsal view; 18- ventral view; 19- ventral view with umbilical tube detail; 20- microspheric form dorsal view; 21- microspheric form ventral view; 22- Eggerelloides scaber (Williamson, 1858); 23-25- Textularia earlandi Parker, 1952; 23- apertural view; 24- lateral view; 25- profile view with aperture in detail; 26-29- Discorinopsis aguayoi (Bermúdez, 1935); 26- scanning electron dorsal view; 27- scanning electron ventral view; 28- light microscope dorsal view; 29- light microscope ventral view.

FIGURE 6 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 6. RDA attribute plot representing the distribution and abundance of the dominant species in Guadiana Estuary according to elevation and distance-to-sea variables.

FIGURE 5 in Taxonomy, ecology and biogeographical trends of dominant benthic foraminifera species from an Atlantic-Mediterranean estuary (the Guadiana, southeast Portugal)

FIGURE 5. Scanning electron and light microscope micrographs of the foraminifera specimens. Scale bar equals 100 µm. 1- Lamarckina haliotidea (Heron-Allen and Earland, 1911) ventral view; 2-3- Asterigerinata mamilla (Williamson, 1858); 2- dorsal view; 3- ventral view; 4-5- Discorbis sp.; 4- dorsal view; 5- ventral view; 6-7- Helenina anderseni (Warren, 1957); 6- dorsal view; 7- ventral view; 8- Haynesina depressula (Walker and Jacob, 1798) side view; 9- Haynesina germanica (Ehrenberg, 1840) side view; 10- Elphidium advenum (Cushman, 1922) side view; 11- Elphidium excavatum (Terquem, 1875) side view; 12-15- Elphidium wiliamsoni Haynes, 1973; 12- side view in light microscope image; 13- side view in scanning electron image; 14- profile view in scanning electron image; 15- side view of a smaller specimen in scanning electron image; 16-18- side view of different size Elphidium gerthi Van Voorthuysen, 1957; 19-21- Elphidium oceanensis (d'Orbigny, 1826); 19- side view in scanning electron image; 20- profile view in scanning electron image; 21- side view in light microscope image; 22- Elphidium poeyanum (d'Orbigny, 1826) side view; 24-27- Ammonia sp1; 24- dorsal view; 25- profile view; 26- ventral view; 27- dorsal view in light microscope image; 28-31- Ammonia sp2 (Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973); 28- dorsal view; 29- profile view; 30- ventral view; 31- dorsal view in light microscope image; 32-35- Ammonia sp3 (Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973); 32- dorsal view; 33- profile view; 34- ventral view; 35- dorsal view in light microscope image.

Fig. 1 in Feeding ecology of three juvenile mojarras (Gerreidae) in a tropical estuary of northeastern Brazil

Fig. 1. Map of the study area with locations of the sampling sites in the rio Mamanguape Estuary, Brazil: 1- Mud flat; 2- Tidal Creek 1; 3- Tidal Creek 2; 4- Tidal Creek 3.

Fig. 4 in Feeding ecology of three juvenile mojarras (Gerreidae) in a tropical estuary of northeastern Brazil

Fig. 4. Non-metric multidimensional scaling plots (nMDS) coded by habitat for Diapterus rhombeus, Eucinostomus melanopterus and Eugerres brasilianus in the rio Mamanguape estuary, Brazil. Filled symbols (gray= D. rhombeus and black= E. melanopterus) and open symbols (E. brasilianus).

Fig. 3 in Feeding ecology of three juvenile mojarras (Gerreidae) in a tropical estuary of northeastern Brazil

Fig. 3. Spatial variation of numerical abundance of the three species (Diapterus rhombeus, Eucinostomus melanopterus and Eugerres brasilianus) in the rio Mamanguape estuary, Brazil.

Fig. 2 in Feeding ecology of three juvenile mojarras (Gerreidae) in a tropical estuary of northeastern Brazil

Fig. 2. Ordination Diagram for principal components analysis on environmental parameters (A= PC1 vs. PC2; B= PC1 vs. PC3), coded by site from rio Mamanguape estuary. Sites: Mud flat (Diamond); Tidal Creek 1 (Square); Tidal Creek 2 (Black triangle); Tidal Creek 3 (Black dot).