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Figure 2. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 2. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n. sp. in lateral views. (a) Holotype JME ETT 108. (b) Paratype JME ETT 132a. (c) Paratype JME ETT 24, specimen with a fish prey in its mouth (small individual of Orthogonikleithrus). Scales equal 1 cm. Photographs courtesy of M. Ebert.
Figure 13. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 13. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n. sp. Caudal fin and endoskeleton in lateral view (JME ETT 60). Abbreviations: Ant, anterior; d.scu, dorsal caudal scute; ebfu, epaxial basal fulcra; ffu, fringing fulcra; H1–6, hypurals 1–6; hsPU4, haemal spine of preural centrum 4; mo, membranous outgrowth on anterodorsal margin of first uroneural; nsPU1–4, neural spine of preural centra 1–4; PU1,4, preural centrum 1, 4; U1+2, ural centrum 1 + 2 (polyural terminology) fused with the bases of hypurals 1 and 2; 'UD', "urodermal"; UN1–5, uroneurals 1–5; PR1–19, principal rays 1–19; v.csu, ventral caudal scute.
Figure 1 in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 1. Distribution of Plattenkalk basins and reef areas in the southern Franconian Alb during the Early Tithonian (slightly modified from Viohl, 1996). The new fish described herein was recovered in Ettling.
Figure 17 in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 17. Ascalabos voithii (neotype, JME SOS 537). Midcaudal vertebrae illustrating the presence of a lateral crest and grooves on the lateral side of the vertebral centra. Arrows point to a lateral longitudinal crest. Abbreviations: na, neural arch; ns, neural spine; ha, haemal arch; hs, haemal spine; vc, vertebral centrum.
Figure 14 in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 14. Ascalabos voithii (neotype, JME SOS 537). (a) Photograph of neotype in lateral view. Photograph courtesy of M. Ebert. Scale equals 1 cm. (b) Cranium in lateral view and enlargement of premaxilla (c). Abbreviations: ang, angular; cl, cleithrum; de, dentary; ent, entopterygoid; io1–3, infraorbitals 1–3; mx, maxilla; par, parasphenoid; pcl1, postcleithrum 1; pmx, premaxilla; pop, preopercle; ptt, posttemporal; qu, quadrate; scl, supracleithrum; scl.b, broken sclerotic bone; smx1–2, supramaxillae 1–2; sop, subopercle; sy, symplectic.
Figure 12. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 12. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n. sp. Caudal fin and endoskeleton in lateral view (holotype JME ETT 108). Abbreviations: Ant, anterior; d.scu, dorsal caudal scute; ebfu, epaxial basal fulcra; ffu, fringing fulcra; H1–7, hypurals 1–7; hsPU4, haemal spine of preural centrum 4; nsPU2–4, neural spines of preural centra 2–4; naU1+2, neural arches of ural centrum 1 + 2; PH, parhypural; prp, procurrent rays; PU1, 4, preural centra 1, 4; U1+2, 3, ural centrum 1 + 2 and 3 (polyural terminology) fused with the bases of hypurals 1 and 2; 'UD', "urodermal"; UN1–4, uroneurals 1–4; PR1–19, principal rays 1–19; v.csu, ventral caudal scute.
Figure 7. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 7. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n. sp. Dorsal and anal fins and their relationships to the vertebral column (JME ETT 132a). Abbreviations: Ant, anterior; an.r, principal anal rays; epl.b, epipleural bones; dor.r, dorsal principal rays; epin.p, epineural processes; ha, haemal arch; hs, haemal spine; la.pt, last anal pterygiophore; ld.pt, last dorsal pterygiophore; na, neural arch; ns, neural spine; paph, parapophyses; pr.anr, anal procurrent rays; pr.dr, dorsal procurrent rays; ri, ribs; sn, supraneural bones; V21, vertebra 21; 1st a.pt, first anal pterygiophore; 1st d.pt, first dorsal pterygiophore.
Figure 6. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 6. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n. sp. Details of certain abdominal vertebrae and pectoral fin. (a) Anterior abdominal region and pectoral girdle and fin (holotype JME ETT 108). (b) Enlargement of a few abdominal vertebrae illustrating details of the epineural processes (holotype JME ETT 108). (c) Details of pectoral fin and radials (JME ETT 132a). Abbreviations: cl, cleithrum; cor, coracoid; d.ra, distal radials; epin.p, epineural process; na, neural arch; ns, neural spine; paph, parapophyses; pcl1–3, postcleithrum 1–3; pec.f, pectoral fin; pec.ra, proximal radials supporting pectoral rays; pel.p, pelvic plate; ptt, posttemporal; ri, ribs; sc, anterior field of cycloid scales; sca, scapula; scl, supracleithrum; sn, supraneurals; vc, abdominal vertebral centra; 1st. pec, first pectoral ray.
Figure 15 in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 15. Ascalabos voithii from Schernfeld in the Eichstätt Basin. Uncatalogued specimen from U. Eller (Dümpelfeld). (a) Photograph of specimen in lateral view. (b) Enlargement of the head. Note the peculiar shape and distribution of the sensory tubules of the preopercular canal. Photographs courtesy of U. Eller.
Figure 5. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 5. Ebertichthys ettlingensis n. gen. et n. sp. Infraorbital bones, preopercle, suspensorium, and part of upper jaw (JME ETT 148). Abbreviations: hy, hyomandibula; io1–4, infraorbitals 1–4; io5?, broken infraorbital 5?; mtg, metapterygoid; mx, maxilla; pop, preopercle; qu, quadrate; smx1–2, supramaxillae 1–2.
Figure 20 in New remarkable Late Jurassic teleosts from southern Germany: Ascalaboidae n. fam., its content, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 20. Hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships of the Late Jurassic Ascalabos and Ebertichthys n. gen. among the most primitive teleosts (highlighted in bold). Synapomorphies supporting the main nodes are listed below; for a complete list see Arratia (2013, 114– 118). Uniquely derived characters are identified with an asterisk [*]. See Supplement 1 for descriptions of characters listed below. Node A (teleosteomorphs or total-group teleost): 10[0]*, 24[1]*, 40[0]*, 47[2], 50[1], 94[0]*, 108[1], 112[1], 142[1]*, 164[1]*, 165[1]*, 168[1]*, and 169[1]*. Characters 142 and 164–168 are soft anatomical features that are unknown in fossils, but the parsimony analysis predicts that they were present at this phylogenetic level. Node B: 25[1], 34[1], 53[1], 55[1], 56[1], 59[1], 100[1], 109[1], 122[1], 125[1], and 162[1]. Node C: 47[1], 48[1], 59[2], 62[1], 63[1], 65[1], 69[1], 118[1], 148[2], and 153[1]. Node D: 78[1]*, 79[1], 102[1], 132[1], 150[1], and 151[1]. Node E: 13[1], 18[1], 56[0], 80[1]*, 96[1], 110[1], and 131[1]. Node F: 48[0], 66[1], 70[1], 82[1]*, 105[1], 108[0], 109[0], 127[1], and 129[1]. Node G: 3[1], 25[0], 42[1], 64[1], 68[1]*, 108[3], 111[1]*, and 162[0]. Node H: 28[1], 30[1], 32[1], 56[1], 67[1], 69[2], 83[1]*, 100[0], 103[1]*, 121[1], 124[1], 140[1], and 149[1]*. Character 103[1] was incorrectly listed as a synapomorphy of node E in Arratia (2013). Node I: 50[2], 107[1], 114[1], 119[1], 120[1], 144[1], 148[3], 152[1], 155[1], and 156[2]. Node J (Ascalaboidae, n. fam.): 25[1], 29[1]*, 30[2], 47[0], 49[1], 70[0], 97[1], 98[1]*, 99[1], and 145[1]. Node K: 86[1], 134[1], and 143[1]. Node L: 31[1], 33[1], 113[1], 116[1], 122[0], 141[1], and 146[1]. Node M: 36[1], 63[0], 65[0], 86[0], 104[1], 117[2], 132[3], 143[0], 136[1], 150[0], and 152[0]. Node M1: 25[0], 51[1], 56[0], 128[1], 133[1], 135[1], and 152[2]. Node M2: 31[0], 38[1], 41[1], 45[1], 49[2], 50[0], 59[1], 75[1], 91[1], 93[1], 112[0], 118[0], 123[0], 129[2], and 148[0].
FIGURE 8 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 8 | Bayesian tree showing the phylogenetic relationships within Diapoma inferred by the concatenated dataset (12S, 16S, COI, MYH6, ptchd1, RAG1, RAG2, total of 5067pb).
FIGURE 5 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 5 | Holotype of Diapoma potamohadros, UFRGS 28700, male, 48.6 mm SL, Brazil, Paraná, Quedas do Iguaçu, Salto Osório Reservoir.
FIGURE 4 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 4 | Map of part of southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and east Argentina showing the geographic distributions of Diapoma pampeana (white squares) and D. potamohadros (paratypes with pink circles, and non-types with plus sign in red). Stars indicate type localities.
FIGURE 3 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 3 | Diapoma pampeana, paratypes, UFRGS 8123, A. Male, 27.2 mm SL, B. Female, 26.0 mm SL, Caraguatá creek, tributary of the Tacuarembó River, Ruta 26, Las Toscas, Tacuarembó, Uruguay. Photograph taken just after fixation in formalin.
FIGURE 2 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 2 | Left premaxilla, maxilla and dentary of Diapoma pampeana, UFRGS 8464, 31.9 mm SL, paratype.
FIGURE 9 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 9 | Bayesian species tree of Diapoma obtained from multilocus sequences (12S, 16S, COI, MYH6, ptchd1, RAG1, RAG2, total of 5067pb).
FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 1 | Holotype of Diapoma pampeana, male, UFRGS 28705, 29.6 mm SL, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Bagé, Sanga Cinco Saltos, affluent of Negro River, BR-153, between Aceguá and Bagé.
FIGURE 6 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 6 | Right premaxilla, maxilla and dentary of Diapoma potamohadros, UFRGS 41353, 51.4 mm SL, paratype.
FIGURE 7 in Phylogenetic relationships and description of two new species of Diapoma (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the La Plata River basin
FIGURE 7 | Anal fin of Diapoma potamohadros, MACN-ict 10364, A. Male, 37.8 mm SL; B. Female, 37.6 mm SL. Lateral view, left side. Scale bars = 1 mm.
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