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Figure 44 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 44. Copulatory rods of the hemipenis of the species of the 'Macroscapha tensa-opaca' informal group. Macroscapha cactus sp. nov.: A, holotype adult male (SNB 0041, ZMH K-41483). Macroscapha falcis sp. nov.: B, paratype adult male (SNB 0104-DNA 7, ZMH K-41496). Macroscapha solecavai sp. nov.: C, paratype adult male (SNB 0560-DNA 267, ZMH K-41499). Macroscapha opaca Maddocks, 1990: adult male (SNB 0045, ZMH K-40825). Macroscapha sp. nov. 1: E, adult male (SNB 0859, ZMH K-33305). Macroscapha sp. nov. 2: F, adult male (SNB 0866, ZMH K-34505). Scale bar = 100 Mm.

Figure 29 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 29. Soft parts of Macropyxis sp. nov. 1. A, B, adult female (SNB 0208, ZMH K-41474). A, appendage VII; B, furca. Scale bars = 100 Mm.

Figure 38 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 38. External view of left valves of Macroscapha inaequata Maddocks, 1990, Macroscapha scotia sp. nov.; and Macroscapha walterae sp. nov. Macroscapha inaequata Maddocks, 1990: A, adult female (SNB 0752, ZMH K-40821); B, adult male (SNB 0578-DNA 285. ZMH K-41487); H, (SNB 0052); I, (SNB 0053); J, adult female (SNB 0054) (ZMH 40819). Macroscapha scotia sp. nov.: C, paratype A (ZMH K-35501); D, holotype adult male (SNB 0739, ZMH K-40820); E, paratype adult male (SNB 0022); F, paratype adult female (SNB 0056); G, paratype adult female (SNB 0741) (ZMH K-40837). Macroscapha walterae sp. nov.: K, holotype adult male (SNB 0745, ZMH K-41484); L, paratype adult male (SNB 0051); M, paratype adult male (SNB 0750); N, paratype adult female (SNB 0048) (ZMH K-40818). Scale bar = 500 Mm.

Figure 43 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 43. Geographical distribution and height ¥ length scatter plot of valves of species of the informal group 'Macroscapha tensa-opaca'. Macroscapha opaca herein – material studied herein; Mh. opaca Maddocks – material studied by Maddocks (1990).

Figure 8 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 8. Valves of Macromckenziea glacierae Maddocks, 1990. A, B, I, J, adult female (SNB 0016); C, D, adult female (SNB 0014); E, F, K, L, adult male (SNB 0020) (ZMH K-40811); G, H, adult male (SNB 0060, ZMH K-40813). A, C, E, G, right valve (RV) external view; B, D, F, H, left valve (LV) external view; I, K, RV internal view; J, L, LV internal view. Scale bar = 500 Mm.

Figure 7 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 7. Geographical distribution and height ¥ length scatter plot of valves of Macromckenziea glacierae Maddocks, 1990, Macromckenziea giambonini sp. nov., and Macromckenziea sp. cf. Mk. giambonini. In the scatter plot of Mk. glacierae: F+J, females and juveniles; M, males; EW, eastern Weddell Sea; WW, western Weddell Sea; Mk. sp. Maddocks, Macromckenziea sp. 3 from Maddocks (1990).

Figure 6 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 6. Soft part morphology of Yemanja gen. nov. Yemanja coimbrai (Brandão, 2005) gen. nov.: A, paratype adult female (spm 7, MNRJ 15714). B, E, K–M, holotype adult male (MNRJ 15706). Yemanja rocas (Brandão, 2005) gen. nov. C, F, J, paratype adult male (spm 7, MNRJ 15703). Yemanja youngi (Brandão, 2005) gen. nov.: D, G–I, paratype adult male (spm 8, MNRJ 15701). A, female appendage V; B–D, right male appendage V; E–G, left male appendage V; H, detail of podomere III of G; I, vibratory plate of maxilla I; J, maxilla I; K, appendage VI; L, appendage VII; M, furca. Scale bars: A–G, I–M = 100 Mm; H = 10 Mm. Modified after Brandão (2004, 2005).

Figure 5 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 5. Valves of Yemanja gen. nov. Yemanja coimbrai (Brandão, 2005) gen. nov.: A, B, holotype adult male (MNRJ 15706). C, F, (A-1) (MNRJ 18608). D, paratype (A-1) (MNRJ 15715). E, (A-2) (MNRJ 18610). G, (A-1) (MNRJ 18611). Yemanja youngi (Brandão, 2005) gen. nov.: H, I, paratype adult male (spm 8), J, K, paratype adult female (spm 2) (MNRJ 15701). Yemanja rocas (Brandão, 2005) gen. nov.: L, M, paratypes adult male (spm 7, MNRJ 15703). A, C, E, G, H, L, right valve (RV) external view; B, D, F, I, M, left valve (LV) external view; J, RLV ventral view; K, RLV dorsal view. Scale bar = 500 Mm. Dotted lines representing opaque patches. The arrows point towards the anterior of the animal. Modified after Brandão (2004, 2005).

Figure 2 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 2. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (MDS) of epibenthic sledge samples. A, all samples included; B, all samples except 42. Numbers are equivalent to station numbers (see Table 1 for details). 133(antenna II), # 133 of ANDEEP II cruise; 133(AIII), # 133 of ANDEEP III cruise; 133(E), # 133 of EASIZ II cruise.

Figure 4 in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 4. Species accumulation curves. Sobs, number of observed species; UGE, analytical species accumulation curve as proposed by Ugland et al. (2003). A, All EBS samples; B, only EBS samples shallower than 2500m; C, only EBS samples deeper than 2500m.

Figure 1. Localities for samples studied herein. A, localities from the cruise EASIZ II in Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications

Figure 1. Localities for samples studied herein. A, localities from the cruise EASIZ II samples, plus localities from specimens re-studied herein (several cruises from the R. V. Polarstern and R. V. Walter Herwig). B, samples from ANDEEP I, II, and III cruises. Arabic numerals are the station numbers as in the cruise reports. For repeated station numbers: WH, samples collected on board of the R. V. Walter Herwig; PS, samples collected on board of the R. V. Polarstern (cruises other than EASIZ II, PS 48 / ANTXV-3); E, samples collected on board of the R. V. Polarstern during the cruise of EASIZ II (PS 48 / ANTXV-3). Some station names are abbreviated: 1nO, '1. Station nach O'Higgins'; Fa, 'Faraday'; zJU, 'Zwischen Joinville und d'Urville'. For further details see Table 1. The faunistic analyses discussed below were based on the EBS samples marked '*'.

FIGURE 4 in Morphological differentiation in giant salamanders, Andrias japonicus, A. davidianus, and their hybrids (Urodela, Cryptobranchidae), and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 4. The typical color pattern of the two species of giant salamanders and their hybrid. Andrias japonicus (upper), A. davidianus (middle), and first filial hybrid individual (lower).

FIGURE 3 in Morphological differentiation in giant salamanders, Andrias japonicus, A. davidianus, and their hybrids (Urodela, Cryptobranchidae), and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 3. Box plots of ratio of HW to SVL (A), ratio of VTW to SVL (B), and ratio of TAL to SVL (C) of Andrias japonicus (JM, males; JF, females), A. davidianus (DM, males; DF, females), and their hybrids (HM, males; HF, females). (* P <0.05; ** P <0.01; *** P <0.001; ns, P ≥ 0.05).

FIGURE 2 in Morphological differentiation in giant salamanders, Andrias japonicus, A. davidianus, and their hybrids (Urodela, Cryptobranchidae), and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 2. Scatter plots of CAN1 and CAN2 (A), and box plots of CAN1(B) of Andrias japonicus (JM, males; JF, females), A. davidianus (DM, males; DF, females), and their hybrids (HM, males; HF, females). In scatter plots (A), circles show plots of A. japonicus, diamonds show A. davidianus, and triangles show hybrids; closed symbols show males and open symbols show females. (* P <0.05; ** P <0.01; *** P <0.001; ns, P ≥ 0.05).

FIGURE 1 in Morphological differentiation in giant salamanders, Andrias japonicus, A. davidianus, and their hybrids (Urodela, Cryptobranchidae), and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 1. Morphological character dimensions. (A) Ventral view of the whole specimen; (B) dorsal view of the head; (C) left lateral view of the head; (D) palatal view of the upper jaw; (E) dorsal view of the left hand; (F) dorsal view of the left foot; (G) left lateral view of the tail; (H) dorsal view of the head showing tubercles; (I) ventral view of the head showing tubercles. Roman numerals indicate digit numbers.

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Karyotype diversification and evolution in Silene (Caryophyllaceae) representatives with sex chromosomes: taxonomic and biogeographical implications

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FIGURE 5 in The phylogenetic status of Limnonectes liui (Yang, 1983) (Anura: Dicroglossidae based on mitochondrial genes and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 5. Fifty percent majority-rule consensus phylogram resulting from Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of 1,696 aligned characters of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 gene and its flanking regions from frogs of the genus Limnonectes. Numbers at nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥95% (left) and maximum likelihood bootstrap support values ≥ 70% on right, with lower support values denoted by "–". Numbers following terminals are localities presented in Figure 1. The scale bar represents 0.06 nucleotide substitutions per site.

FIGURE 2 in The phylogenetic status of Limnonectes liui (Yang, 1983) (Anura: Dicroglossidae based on mitochondrial genes and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 2. Limnonectes liui in life (male) from Brown Mountain, Menghai County, Xishuangbanna Dai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China in (A) lateral, (B) ventral, (C) dorsal,

FIGURE 1 in The phylogenetic status of Limnonectes liui (Yang, 1983) (Anura: Dicroglossidae based on mitochondrial genes and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 1. Geographic distributions of Limnonectes liui (stars) and Limnonectes limborgi (circles). The type locality of L. limborgi at "Tenasserim", Myanmar is near Site 21 and the type locality of L. liui at Menglun, Yunnan Province, China is near Site 1.

FIGURE 4 in The phylogenetic status of Limnonectes liui (Yang, 1983) (Anura: Dicroglossidae based on mitochondrial genes and its taxonomic implications

FIGURE 4. Male Limnonectes limborgi from Phou Dendin National Protected Area, Phongsaly District, Phongsaly Province, Laos [North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) 86616] in (A) lateral view in life and (B) ventral and (C) dorsal views immediately prior to preservation.