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Figure 5 in Cryptic variation and the tragedy of unrecognized taxa: the case of international trade in the spiny turtle Heosemys spinosa (Testudines: Geoemydidae)

Figure 5. Lineage diversification results for Heosemys, with Heosemys spinosa split into two (A and B, top panel) or three (A, C, D, bottom panel) clades. Estimates were generated using priors for Q of G(2, 200) and G(2, 2000), whereas priors for T were G(2, 2000) for all analyses. Numbers above nodes are posterior probability (PP) support values. PP support values for node e (all runs) are provided below the tree. Means and standard deviations for Q and T, and -log likelihood scores for each analysis are provided in Table S1.

Figure 1 in Cryptic variation and the tragedy of unrecognized taxa: the case of international trade in the spiny turtle Heosemys spinosa (Testudines: Geoemydidae)

Figure 1. Map of the Sundaland region showing historical collection localities for Heosemys spinosa as purple (dark grey in the print version) circles (coordinates from http://emys.geo.orst.edu). The arrow indicates the collection locality for sample ELR230A (deposited at the National Museum of the Philippines) from the Island of Tawi Tawi, Philippines.

Figure 6 in Cryptic variation and the tragedy of unrecognized taxa: the case of international trade in the spiny turtle Heosemys spinosa (Testudines: Geoemydidae)

Figure 6. Incorrect classification frequencies for the discriminant function analysis (DFA) of 19 Heosemys spinosa specimens, based on membership of the two mitochondrial DNA clades (A and B, see Fig. 3), and for 100 randomly created groups of nine and ten individuals.

Figure 3 in Cryptic variation and the tragedy of unrecognized taxa: the case of international trade in the spiny turtle Heosemys spinosa (Testudines: Geoemydidae)

Figure 3. Heosemys mitochondrial phylogeny: majority-rule consensus tree of the posterior distribution of trees from the Bayesian analyses of the cytochrome b data set (971 bp). Model of molecular evolution: GTR + G. Support values (posterior probabilities, PPs) as indicated.

Figure 2 in Cryptic variation and the tragedy of unrecognized taxa: the case of international trade in the spiny turtle Heosemys spinosa (Testudines: Geoemydidae)

Figure 2. Side-by-side comparisons showing variation in relative size, iris colour, and light versus dark shell coloration among samples of Heosemys spinosa. The images show some of the variation present among six individual turtles, but are not meant to indicate that there two discrete groups of turtles in this collection.

FIGURE 13 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 13. Dorsal view of the skulls of A. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini, B. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) novaeguineae, C. Elseya (Elseya) dentata, and D. Elseya (Pelocomastes) albagula. fr—frontal, po—postorbital, pa—parietal, sosupraoccipital.

FIGURE 11 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 11. Lateral views of the skulls of A. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini, B. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) novaeguineae, C. Elseya (Elseya) dentata, and D. Elseya (Pelocomastes) albagula. po—postorbital, sq—squamosal, q—quadrate, j—jugal, mx—maxilla.

FIGURE 8 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 8. Dorsal, ventral and lateral views of the holotype PNGM R25204 of Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini from Wau Creek, Kikori Drainage, Papua New Guinea. Scale: 20 mm.

FIGURE 6 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 6. Dorsal views of the holotypes of A. Elseya (H) schultzei (ZMB 22182) and B. Elseya (H) novaeguineae (MTD D8222).

FIGURE 12 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 12. Ventral views of the skulls of A. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini, B. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) novaeguineae, C. Elseya (Elseya) dentata, and D. Elseya (Pelocomastes) albagula. pm—premaxilla, mx—maxilla, pal—palatine, vo—vomer, bs—basisphenoid, bo—basooccipital. Also labelled are the alveolar and lingual ridges.

FIGURE 3 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 3. Internal mouth parts of Elseya branderhorsti showing the alveolar ridge, present in E. (Elseya) secondarily lost in E. (Hanwarachelys).

FIGURE 1 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 1. Map of New Guinea showing the distribution of Elseya novaeguineae (Birds Head), E. schultzei (north of Central Ranges) and E. rhodini (south of Central Ranges). The locations of the holotypes for each species are shown as red dots; the type locality for the neotype of Elseya branderhorsti is shown as a green square.

FIGURE 5. PNGM R25201 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 5. PNGM R25201 adult female Elseya (Elseya) branderhorsti photographed in life now at the Museum of Papua New Guinea, from the Bensbach River of Papua New Guinea (8° 50' 58.6896" S., 141° 14' 52.944" E.). Scale: 20 mm.

FIGURE 9 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 9. Habitat of Elseya rhodini Wau Creek, Sirebi River, Kikori drainage (07˚11' 67.3" S, 144˚37' 13.8" E).

FIGURE 7 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 7. Ventral views of the holotypes of A. Elseya (H) schultzei (ZMB 22182) and B. Elseya (H) novaeguineae (MTD D8222).

FIGURE 15. A in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 15. A neighbour-joining tree, based on mtDNA ND4 gene variation, summarizing the genetic distances between populations of Elseya novaeguineae from the Birds Head and associated islands of New Guinea, E. schultzei from north of the Central Ranges and E. rhodini from south of the Central Ranges and the islands of Aru. The scale is based on 1029 bp of coding mtDNA from ND4 and Cytochrome-b. Data from Georges et al. (2014).

FIGURE 14 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 14. Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) using SAS. Showing Canonical Variante 1 vs Canonical Variant 2 for the three Papuan species in the Elseya novaeguineae complex.