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Fig. 4 in New elmisaurine specimens from North America and their relationship to the Mongolian Elmisaurus rarus

Fig. 4. Posterior surface of metatarsal III in elmisaurine dinosaurs. A. Leptorhynchos elegans (Parks, 1933) (TMP 1986.036.0186) from Upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. B. Chirosenotes pergracilis Gilmore, 1924 (TMP 1979.020.0001) from Upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. C. Ingenia yanshini Barsbold, 1981 (MPC-D 102/011), provenance unknown: confiscated specimen. Photographs (A1–C1), annotated photographs (A2–C2), black lines indicate longitudinal ridges; arrow indicates cruciate ridge feature of Leptorhynchos elegans.

Fig. 5 in New elmisaurine specimens from North America and their relationship to the Mongolian Elmisaurus rarus

Fig. 5. Elmisaurine dinosaur Leptorhynchos elegans (Parks, 1933) (TMP 1982.016.0006) from the Upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. Right tarsometatarsus in proximal (A), anterior (B), posterior (C), and distal (D) views.

Fig. 3 in New elmisaurine specimens from North America and their relationship to the Mongolian Elmisaurus rarus

Fig. 3. Elmisaurine dinosaur Leptorhynchos elegans (Parks, 1933) from the Upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. A. TMP 1993.036.0181. B. TMP 1982.016.0006. C. ROM 781. D. TMP 1996.012.0141. Tarsometatarsi in proximal (A1–D1), anterior (A2–D2), and posterior (A3–D3) views.

Fig. 2 in New elmisaurine specimens from North America and their relationship to the Mongolian Elmisaurus rarus

Fig. 2. Cross section demonstrating the deep plantar concavity of the tarsometatarsus of elmisaurine dinosaur Leptorhynchos elegans (Parks, 1933) (ROM 781) from the Upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada.

Fig. 8 in New elmisaurine specimens from North America and their relationship to the Mongolian Elmisaurus rarus

Fig. 8. Elmisaurine dinosaur Leptorhynchos elegans (Parks, 1933) from the Upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. A. TMP 1995.403.0010. B. TMP 1984.163.0036. C. TMP 1986.036.0186. D. TMP 1996.5.12. Isolated metatarsals III in anterior (A1– D1), posterior (A2–D2), and lateral (A3–D3) views.

Fig. 8 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 8. Dentary of castoroidine beaver Hystricops venustus Leidy, 1858, UNSM 75995 (cast) from Barstovian (middle Miocene) Valentine Formation, southeastern Nebraska, USA, in dorsal (A), lateral (B), medial (C), and posterior (D) views.

Fig. 7 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 7. Maxilla and dentary of castoroidine beaver Hystricops venustus Leidy, 1858, from Clarendonian (late Miocene) Ash Hollow Formation, Nebraska, USA. A. F:AM 64041, left maxilla with P4–M3 in occlusal (A1) and lateral (A2) views. B. F:AM 64049, left dentary with i1, p4–m3 in occlusal (B1) and lateral (B2) views.

Fig. 6 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 6. Occlusal views of upper cheek teeth of castoroidine beaver Hystricops venustus Leidy, 1858, from Clarendonian (late Miocene) Ash Hollow Formation, Nebraska, USA. A. F:AM 64041, left P4–M3. B. F:AM 65026, left P4–M1.

Fig. 5 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 5. Lower incisors of castoroidine beaver Priusaulax and Anchitheriomys in anterior views. A. Priusaulax wilsoni sp. nov., UNSM 119711 (holotype) from early Hemingfordian (early Miocene) Pawnee Creek Formation, Colorado, USA. B. Priusaulax senrudi (Wood, 1945), AMNH 39415 (holotype) from Barstovian (middle Miocene) Chalky Buttes, Montana, USA. C. Anchitheriomys stouti Korth, 2001a, AMNH 64017 (holotype) from Hemingfordian (early Miocene) Running Water Formation, Nebraska, USA.

Fig. 4 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 4. Holotype of castoroidine beaver Priusaulax senrudi (Wood, 1945), AMNH 39415 (cast) from Barstovian (middle Miocene) Chalky Buttes, Montana, USA. Dentary in lateral view (A) and dorsal view with p4–m3 in occlusal view (B).

Fig. 2 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 2. Cheek teeth of castoroidine beaver Priusaulax wilsoni sp. nov. A. KU 10173 (holotype) from early Hemingfordian (early Miocene) Pawnee Creek Formation, Colorado, USA, right P4–M3 in occlusal view. B. UNSM 26599 from Hemingfordian (early Miocene) Upper Arikaree Group, Nebraska, USA, p4 (in crypt)–m3 (B1) and dp4 (B2) in occlusal views.

Fig. 1 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 1. Crania of castoroidine beavers Priusaulax spp. A. Priusaulax wilsoni sp. nov., KU 10173 (holotype) from the early Hemingfordian (early Miocene) of Colorado, USA, in dorsal (A1), ventral (A2), and right lateral (A3) views. B. Priusaulax browni Korth and Bailey, 2006, UNSM 119707 from the late Arikareean (earliest Miocene) of Nebraska, USA, in right lateral view.

Fig. 3 in A new tribe of castoroidine beavers from the late Arikareean to Hemphillian (Oligocene-Miocene) of western North America

Fig. 3. Dentary of Priusaulax wilsoni sp. nov., UNSM 26599 from Hemingfordian (early Miocene) Upper Arikaree Group, Nebraska, USA, in right lateral (A) and posterior (B) views.

Fig. 4 in Lucinid bivalves from Miocene hydrocarbon seep sites of eastern North Island, New Zealand, with comments on Miocene New Zealand seep faunas

Fig. 4. Lucinid bivalve Elliptiolucina neozelandica sp. nov. from the middle Miocene Bexhaven Limestone at Moonlight North (A, Y16/f1174; B–D, Y16/1059), North Island, New Zealand. A. UOA L4771 (holotype), dorsal view (A1), right (A2) and left (A3) valves. B. UOA L4783 (paratype), dorsal view (B1), right valve (B2), internal mould of left valve (B3), enlargement of anterior adductor muscle scar in B2 (B4). C. UOA L4775 (paratype), edentulous hinge plate of right valve (C1), left valve (C2). D. UOA L4774 (paratype), dorsal view (D1), right (D2) and left (D3) valves. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 1 in Lucinid bivalves from Miocene hydrocarbon seep sites of eastern North Island, New Zealand, with comments on Miocene New Zealand seep faunas

Fig. 1. Overview of the geology of the East Coast, North Island, New Zealand (A, B), showing locations of known Miocene hydrocarbon seep sites. Northern sites: 1, Waiapu; 2, Waipiro; 3, Karikarihuata; 4, Bexhaven; 5, Tauwhareparae; 6, Puketawa; 7, Totaranui; 8, Moonlight North; 9, Rocky Knob; 10, Waikairo; 11, Turihaua. Southern sites: 12, Wanstead; 13, Ugly Hill; 14, Haunui; 15, Ngawaka; 16, Wilder; HSZ, Hikurangi subduction zone; M, Marlborough; TVZ, Taupo Volcanic Zone. Also shown are some of the modern offshore hydrocarbon seep sites of the Hikurangi subduction margin, and a hydrothermal vent location (inset). C. Cross-section (modified from Barnes et al. 2010) shows transpressive subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Australian Plate, and relationships of tectonic elements of the northern New Zealand plate margin (see Campbell et al. 2008 and Barnes et al. 2010 for further details on geologic context). The fossil lucinids of this study are described from fossil seep locations 4, 8, 9, 12–15.

Fig. 3 in Lucinid bivalves from Miocene hydrocarbon seep sites of eastern North Island, New Zealand, with comments on Miocene New Zealand seep faunas

Fig. 3. Lucinid bivalve Meganodontia haunuiensis sp. nov. from the lower Miocene Ihungia Limestone at Haunui (B–G, U23/270) and Ugly Hill A, U23/280), North Island, New Zealand. A. UOA L4777 (paratype), edentulous hinge plate of left valve (A1,), left valve (A2). B. UOA L4581 (holotype), dorsal view (B1) and frontal view (B2) of right valve. C. UOA L4791 (paratype), edentulous hinge plate of right valve. D. UOA L4790, right valve of small specimen. E. UOA L4782 (paratype), dorsal view of slightly compressed specimen (E1), left valve (E2). F. UOA L4792 (paratype), dorsal view showing symmetric lunule in both valves (F1), right valve showing internal mould (F2), enlargement of the anterior adductor muscle scar of F2 (F3). G. UOA L 4789, right valve, showing internal mould of small specimen. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 2 in Lucinid bivalves from Miocene hydrocarbon seep sites of eastern North Island, New Zealand, with comments on Miocene New Zealand seep faunas

Fig. 2. Schematic drawing of a model lucinid bivalve with explanation of the main morphological terms used in this paper.

Fig. 6 in Lucinid bivalves from Miocene hydrocarbon seep sites of eastern North Island, New Zealand, with comments on Miocene New Zealand seep faunas

Fig. 6. Distribution of the ancient and Recent Meganodontia and Elliptiolucina. The Recent data are from Bouchet and Cosel (2004), Cosel and Bouchet 2008), and Glover and Taylor (2016). The fossil data are based on Kase et al. (2007), Kiel (2013), Kiel and Hansen (2015), Kiel and Taviani (2017), and this study.

Fig. 5 in Lucinid bivalves from Miocene hydrocarbon seep sites of eastern North Island, New Zealand, with comments on Miocene New Zealand seep faunas

Fig. 5. Lucinid bivalve Lucinoma saetheri sp. nov. from the lower Miocene Ihungia Limestone at Ugly Hill (D, F, U23/266) and the middle Miocene Bexhaven Limestone at Moonlight North (A, C, E, Y16/1059; B, Y16/f1174), North Island, New Zealand. A. UOA L4773 (paratype), internal mould of right valve. B. UOA L 4772 (paratype), hinge plate of right valve. C. UOA L4785, left (C1) and right (C2) valves. D. UOA L4780 (holotype), dorsal view D1), right (D2) and left (D3) valves. E. UOA L4786, right valve. F. UOA L 4779 (paratype), left valve showing lamellated commarginal riblets (F1), dorsal view (F2). Scale bars 10 mm.