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Figure 3 in Identification of Chironomus (Chironomus) melanescens Keyl, 1962 in North America
Figure 3. Larval mouth parts of North American C. melanescens. a) pecten epipharyngis; b) premandible; c) mentum; d) ventromentum; e) antenna; f) mandible.
Figure 1 in Identification of Chironomus (Chironomus) melanescens Keyl, 1962 in North America
Figure 1. Reared male from Trout Lake, Vilas Co., Wisconsin. a) male hypopygium; b) pupal cephalic tubercles; c) spur of segment VIII.
20th Century Atmospheric River Archive for Western North America and Europe
<p><strong>General Description</strong></p> <p>This datasets provides 6-hourly instantaneous atmospheric river absence-presence time series for 13 sub-regions along the coastlines of Western North America and Europe, as well the corresponding Integrated Water Vapor (IVT) values and exceeded climatological quantiles. These data were retrieved from 3 distinct reanalyses:</p> <p>1. ERA-20C, 1900-2010, 1.125 degrees resolution, here termed "era20c"</p> <p>2. NOAA-CIRES 20th Century Reanalysis version 2, 1900-2012, 2 degrees resolution, here termed "c20", ARs were retrieved from instantaneous ensemble-mean data.</p> <p>3. ECMWF ERA-Interim, 1979-2014, 0.75 degrees resolution, here termed "interim"</p> <p>The file structure is as in this example:</p> <p>ar_Brands_v0_interim_scalifornia_JFMAOND_1979_2014.nc</p> <p>translates to:</p> <p>ar_<algorithm name>_<version>_<underlying dataset>_<target region as illustrated in fig_studyregions.pdf>_<considered months>_<start year>_<end_year>.nc</p> <p>The 13 study regions are indicated in <fig_studyregions.pdf> attached below and described in Brands et al. (2017). The lat-lon coordinates of each region are provided in the netCDF files.</p> <p>For western North America and Europe the October-through-April and October-through-March season is covered, respectively. The compressed netCDF4 files offered here come with detailed metadata information. For generating the present dataset, the initial version of the AR detection and tracking algorithm developed in my PhD thesis was used (here referred to as version 0, see Brands et al. 2017 for a full description). Although newer algorithm versions have become available in the framework of the Atmospheric River Method Intercomparison Project (ARTMIP, see Rutz et al. 2019), the initial version 0 was specifically developed for detecting landfalling ARs along the coastlines of Western North America and Europe. The correct functioning was supervised by eye for hundreds, if not thousands of cases.</p> <p>The 9 distinct AR detection and tracking methods contained in each netCDF file (coined "method 0,1...8" in there) use distinct climatological percentile thresholds to 1) detect ARs along the coastline (the detection percentile, termed "prct_detect") and then "crawl" upwards the flow guided by the strongest IVT above the tracking percentile ("prct_track") and by the respective U and V components until a minimum length of 2000 km is reached. The results obtained from the 9 methods thus differ in AR intensity.</p> <p>The netCDF files of the present dataset have been recompiled from the non-standard .mat files generated in my PhD thesis during the years 2013-2017. For the target regions in Europe, the content of the present dataset partly overlaps with the non-standard dataset previously published at http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14711.32160. The target regions in western North America have been newly included and are only available from the present dataset.</p> <p>Contact: Swen Brands, brandssf@ifca.unican.es</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Brands, S., Gutiérrez, J.M. & San-Martín, D. (2017). Twentieth-century atmospheric river activity along the west coasts of Europe and North America: algorithm formulation, reanalysis uncertainty and links to atmospheric circulation patterns. <em>Climate Dynamics</em> 48, 2771–2795. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3095-6</p> <p>Compo, G.P., Whitaker, J.S., Sardeshmukh, P.D., Matsui, N., Allan, R.J., Yin, X., Gleason, B.E., Vose, R.S., Rutledge, G., Bessemoulin, P., Brönnimann, S., Brunet, M., Crouthamel, R.I., Grant, A.N., Groisman, P.Y., Jones, P.D., Kruk, M.C., Kruger, A.C., Marshall, G.J., Maugeri, M., Mok, H.Y., Nordli, Ø., Ross, T.F., Trigo, R.M., Wang, X.L., Woodruff, S.D. and Worley, S.J. (2011), The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project. <em>Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.</em>, 137: 1-28, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.776</p> <p>Dee, D.P., Uppala, S.M., Simmons, A.J., Berrisford, P., Poli, P., Kobayashi, S., Andrae, U., Balmaseda, M.A., Balsamo, G., Bauer, P., Bechtold, P., Beljaars, A.C.M., van de Berg, L., Bidlot, J., Bormann, N., Delsol, C., Dragani, R., Fuentes, M., Geer, A.J., Haimberger, L., Healy, S.B., Hersbach, H., Hólm, E.V., Isaksen, L., Kållberg, P., Köhler, M., Matricardi, M., McNally, A.P., Monge-Sanz, B.M., Morcrette, J.-.-J., Park, B.-.-K., Peubey, C., de Rosnay, P., Tavolato, C., Thépaut, J.-.-N. and Vitart, F. (2011), The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. <em>Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.</em>, 137: 553-597, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.828</p> <p>Poli, P., and Coauthors, 2016: ERA-20C: An Atmospheric Reanalysis of the Twentieth Century. <em>J. Climate</em>, 29, 4083–4097, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0556.1</p> <p>Rutz, J. J., Shields, C. A., Lora, J. M., Payne, A. E., Guan, B., Ullrich, P., et al. (2019). The Atmospheric River Tracking Method Intercomparison Project (ARTMIP): Quantifying uncertainties in atmospheric river climatology. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</em>, 2019; 124: 13777– 13802. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD030936</p>
FIG. 3 in Anatomy and morphology of Phaeomegaceros fimbriatus (Gottsche) R.J.Duff, J.C.Villarreal, Cargill & Renzaglia (Anthocerotophyta), a novel record for North America
FIG. 3. — Spores of Phaeomegaceros fimbriatus (Gottsche) R.J.Duff, J.C.Villarreal, Cargill & Renzaglia under scanning electron microscopy: A-B, distal face varia- tion of the spores: A, five depressions surrounding a central depression on distal face of spores; B, six depressions surrounding a central depression on distal face of spores; C, proximal face with button-like verrucae confined to the center of triangular areas; D, spore tetrads (tesp) and pseudoelaters (ps). Scale bars: 10 µm.
FIG. 2 in Anatomy and morphology of Phaeomegaceros fimbriatus (Gottsche) R.J.Duff, J.C.Villarreal, Cargill & Renzaglia (Anthocerotophyta), a novel record for North America
FIG. 2. — Phaeomegaceros fimbriatus (Gottsche) R.J.Duff, J.C.Villarreal, Cargill & Renzaglia: A, female plant; B, transverse section of gametophyte thallus with band-like thickenings (eng) in cell walls; C, transverse section of gametophyte thallus with ventral tuber (tv) surrounded by rhizoids (ri); D, dorsal surface of a male plant with an antheridium (an) in each antheridial chamber; E, transverse section of a male plant with numerous antheridial chambers (can) and an antheridium (an); F, close up on antheridium (an); G, transverse section of involucre (i) with numerous lamellae (l); H, longitudinal section of the sporophyte foot (e) with placenta (pl); I, longitudinal section of sporophyte capsule with assimilative tissue (ta), spores (es) and central columella (c); J, transverse section of sporophyte with epidermis (ep), assimilative tissue (ta) and central columella (c); K, close up of spores (es), pseudoelaters and central columella (c); L, spores (es) and pseudoelaters (ps). Scale bars: A, 5 mm; B, I, K, 50 µm; C, F, H, J, 100 µm; D, E, G, 200 µm L, 30 µm.
Fig. 20 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 20. Libitioides sayi (Simon, 1879), ♂ (MNRJ 58916) from Lake Kirby, Texas. a. Dorsal view of body. b. Left femur and trochanter IV, dorsal view. c. Left metatarsus and tarsomeres of leg I, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 5 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 5. Southeastern USA, with the Köppen-Geiger climate regions superimposed, showing the distribution of the American Cosmetidae C.L. Koch, 1839.
Fig. 4 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 4. Libitioides sayi (Simon, 1879), morph C, syntype, ♂ (ZMUC). a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Same, sinistrolateral view. c. Same, ventral view. d. Same, detail of carapace, dorsal view. e. Labels.
Fig. 2 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 2. Libitioides spp. from USA, in vivo. a. L. ornata (Say, 1821) (morph A), ♂ and ♀, Florida, Orange, Orlando Wetlands Park (©Mary Keim). b. L. sayi (Simon, 1879) (morph B, "clean"), ♂, Texas, Sherman Co. (©Kate Farkas). c. L. sayi (morph C, "depressa"), ♂, Texas, Kleberg Co., Padre Island National Seashore (©Meghan Cassidy). d. L. albolineata (Sørensen, 1884) (typical morph D), ♂, Georgia, Fulton Co. (©E. Christina Butler). Photos are somewhat cropped. All images used here under written permission.
Fig. 21 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 21. Libitioides sayi (Simon, 1879), (MNRJ 58916) from Lake Kirby, Texas. Habitus. a. Male, dorsal view. b. Sinistrolateral view. c. Frontal view. d. Ventral view. e. Panoramic, dorsal view. f. Female, dorsal view (MNRJ 58916). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 3 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 3. Libitioides modesta (Banks, 1909), holotype ♂ of Platycynorta secunda Roewer 1947 (SMF RII 130) from Cuba. a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Same, ventral view. c. Original Roewer's label. d. Same as (a), detail of dorsal scutum and basal part of legs. e. Same, detail of basichelicerite, trochanters I–III, protoglyphs and deutoglyphs. f. Same, dextrolateral view. Images courtesy Abel Pérez-González.
Fig. 16 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 16. Libitioides albolineata (Sørensen, 1884) (USNMENT 0153862) from Palmyra, Virginia, distal part of penis. a. Dorsal view. b. Ventral view. c. Dextrolateral view. d. Detail of glans, dextrolateral view. e. Apical view. Scale bars: a–c = 50 μm; d = 20 μm; e = 40 μm.
Fig. 17 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 17. Libitioides ornata (Say, 1821), ♂ (USNMENT 01538061) from Hillsborough County, Florida. a. Dorsal view of body. b. Left femur and trochanter IV, dorsal view. c. Left metatarsus and tarsomeres of leg I, lateral view. d. left chelicera dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 18 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 18. Libitioides ornata (Say, 1821) (USNMENT 0153861) from Hillsborough, Florida. Habitus. a. Male, dorsal view. b. Sinistrolateral view. c. Frontal view. d. Ventral view. e. Panoramic, dorsal view. f. Female, dorsal view (USNMENT 0153861). Scale bars: a–c = 1 mm; d–f = 2 mm.
Fig. 14 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 14. Libitioides albolineata (Sørensen, 1884), ♂ (USNMENT 01538062) from Palmyra, Virginia. a. Dorsal view of body. b. Left femur and trochanter IV, dorsal view. c. Left metatarsus and tarsomeres of leg I, lateral view. d. Left chelicera dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 15 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 15. Libitioides albolineata (Sørensen, 1884) (USNMENT 0153862) from Palmyra, Virginia. a. Male, habitus, dorsal view. b. Same, sinistrolateral view. c. Same, frontal view. d. Same, ventral view. e. Same, panoramic, dorsal view. f. Female, habitus, dorsal view (USNMENT 0153862). Scale bars: a–c = 1 mm; d–f = 2 mm.
Fig. 13 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 13. Southeastern USA, marked with abbreviations of American states, showing the distribution of the five species of Libitioides Roewer, 1912 as proposed in this paper.
Fig. 7 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 7. Southeastern USA, showing the contrasting occurrences of prevailing body color backgrounds in the four morphs B/C/D/E of Libitioides Roewer, 1912.
Fig. 6 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 6. Schemes of scutal yellow markings and other features diagnosing the morphs discussed herein. a. Morph A: Libitioides ornata (Say, 1821). b. Morph B: "clean" Libitioides sayi (Simon, 1879). c. Morph C: Libitioides sayi, striped Texan morph "depressa". d. Morph D: Libitioides albolineata (Sørensen, 1884). e. Morph E: "yellow Libitioides albolineata".
Fig. 11 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)
Fig. 11. Southeastern USA, showing the contrasting conformations of the ribs in the four morphs B/C/ D/E of Libitioides Roewer, 1912.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.