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3,101 results for “Historical”
Data from: Influences of past climatic changes on historical population structure and demography of a cosmopolitan marine predator, the common dolphin (genus Delphinus)
Climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene have greatly influenced the distribution and connectivity of many organisms, leading to extinctions but also generating biodiversity. While the effects of such changes have been extensively studied in the terrestrial environment, studies focusing on the marine realm are still scarce. Here we used sequence data from one mitochondrial and five nuclear loci to assess the potential influence of Pleistocene climatic changes on the phylogeography and demographic history of a cosmopolitan marine predator, the common dolphin (genus Delphinus). Population samples representing the three major morphotypes of Delphinus were obtained from ten oceanic regions. Our results suggest that short-beaked common dolphins are likely to have originated in the eastern Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Pleistocene and expanded into the Atlantic Ocean through the Indian Ocean. On the other hand, long-beaked common dolphins appear to have evolved more recently and independently in several oceans. Our results also suggest that short-beaked common dolphins had recurrent demographic expansions concomitant with changes in sea surface temperature during the Pleistocene and its associated increases in resource availability, which differed between the North Atlantic and Pacific Ocean basins. By proposing how past environmental changes had an effect on the demography and speciation of a widely distributed marine mammal, we highlight the impacts that climate change may have on the distribution and abundance of marine predators and its ecological consequences for marine ecosystems.
Data from: Genomic heterogeneity of historical gene flow between two species of newts inferred from transcriptome data
The role of gene flow in species formation is a major unresolved issue in speciation biology. Progress in this area requires information on the long-term patterns of gene flow between diverging species. Here, we used thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms derived from transcriptome resequencing and a method modeling the joint frequency spectrum of these polymorphisms to reconstruct patterns of historical gene flow between two Lissotriton newts: L. vulgaris (Lv) and L. montandoni (Lm). We tested several models of divergence including complete isolation and various scenarios of historical gene flow. The model of secondary contact received the highest support. According to this model, the species split from their common ancestor ca. 5.5 million years (MY) ago, evolved in isolation for ca. 2 MY, and have been exchanging genes for the last 3.5 MY Demographic changes have been inferred in both species, with the current effective population size of ca. 0.7 million in Lv and 0.2 million in Lm. The postdivergence gene flow resulted in two-directional introgression which affected the genomes of both species, but was more pronounced from Lv to Lm. Interestingly, we found evidence for genomic heterogeneity of interspecific gene flow. This study demonstrates the complexity of long-term gene flow between distinct but incompletely reproductively isolated taxa which divergence was initiated millions of years ago.
Data from: Using historical biogeography models to study color pattern evolution
Color is among the most striking features of organisms, varying not only in spectral properties like hue and brightness, but also in where and how it is produced on the body. Different combinations of colors on a bird's body are important in both environmental and social contexts. Previous comparative studies have treated plumage patches individually or derived plumage complexity scores from color measurements across a bird's body. However, these approaches do not consider the multivariate nature of plumages (allowing for plumage to evolve as a whole) or account for interpatch distances. Here, we leverage a rich toolkit used in historical biogeography to assess color pattern evolution in a cosmopolitan radiation of birds, kingfishers (Aves: Alcedinidae). We demonstrate the utility of this approach and test hypotheses about the tempo and mode of color evolution in kingfishers. Our results highlight the importance of considering interpatch distances in understanding macroevolutionary trends in color diversity and demonstrate how historical biogeography models are a useful way to model plumage color pattern evolution. Furthermore, they show that distinct color mechanisms (pigments or structural colors) spread across the body in different ways and at different rates. Specifically, net rates are higher for structural colors than pigment-based colors. Together, our study suggests a role for both development and selection in driving extraordinary color pattern diversity in kingfishers. We anticipate this approach will be useful for modeling other complex phenotypes besides color, such as parasite evolution across the body.
Data from: Historical contingency and productivity effects on food-chain length
Food-chain length (FCL) is a fundamental ecosystem attribute, integrating information on both food web composition and ecosystem processes. It remains untested whether FCL also reflects the history of community assembly known to affect community composition and ecosystem functioning. Here, we performed microcosm experiments with a copepod (top predator), two ciliate species (intermediate consumers), and bacteria (producers), and modified the sequence of species introduction into the microcosm at four productivity levels to jointly test the effects of historical contingency and productivity on FCL. FCL increased when the top predator was introduced last; thus, the trophic position of the copepod reflected assembly history. A shorter FCL occurred at the highest productivity level, probably because the predator switched to feeding at the lower trophic levels because of the abundant basal resource. Thus, we present empirical evidence that FCL was determined by historical contingency, likely caused by priority effects, and by productivity.
Genome Data Uncover Conservation Status, Historical Relatedness and Candidate Genes under Selection in Chinese Indigenous Pigs in the Taihu Lake Region
<p>Chinese indigenous pig breeds in the Taihu Lake region (TH) of Eastern China are well-recognized for their exceptional prolificacy. These breeds including Meishan (MS), Erhualian (EHL), Jiaxing Black (JXB), Fengjing (FJ), Shawutou (SWT), Mi (MI) and Hongdenglong (HDL). At present, these breeds are facing a great threaten of population decline, lineage admixture and inbreeding depression since Western commercial pigs have dominated Chinese pig industry. To provide better conservation schemes and identify candidate genes under selection for these breeds, we explored genome-wide SNP markers to unravel genetic variability and relatedness, population structure, historical admixture and genomic signatures of selection of 440 pigs representing the most comprehensive lineages of these breeds in TH in a context of 1228 pig from 45 Eurasian breeds.<b> </b>We showed that these breeds were more closely related among each other as compared to other Eurasian breeds, defining one of the main ancestral lineages of Chinese indigenous pigs. These breeds can be divided into two regional subgroups, one including JXB and FJ pigs, and the other comprising EHL, MI, HDL, MS and SWT pigs. In additional, HDL pigs were highly inbred, whereas EHL and MS pigs had more abundant genetic diversity. This is attributable to multiple conservation populations of the two breeds. Moreover, we identified a list of candidate genes for body size and prolificacy at the loci putatively under selection. our results would benefit the sustainable conservation of these valuable breeds and improve our understanding of the genetic mechanisms of body size and fecundity in pigs.</p>
Data from: Population structure, gene flow, and historical demography of a small coastal shark (Carcharhinus isodon) in US waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean
Patterns of population structure, genetic demographics, and gene flow in the small coastal shark Carcharhinus isodon (finetooth shark) sampled from two discrete nurseries along the southeastern US coast (Atlantic) and three nurseries in the northern Gulf of Mexico (Gulf), were assessed using 16 nuclear-encoded microsatellites and 1077 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. Significant heterogeneity in microsatellite allele distributions was detected among all localities except between the two in the Atlantic. Significant heterogeneity in mtDNA haplotypes was not detected, a result likely due to extremely low mtDNA diversity. The genetic discontinuities combined with seasonal movement patterns, a patchy distribution of appropriate nursery habitat, the apparent absence of sex-biased gene flow, and the occurrence of mating in the vicinity of nursery areas, suggest that both male and female finetooth sharks display regional philopatry to discrete nursery areas. Global and local tests of neutrality, using mtDNA haplotypes, and demographic model testing, using Approximate Bayesian Computation of microsatellite alleles, supported a range-wide expansion of finetooth sharks into US waters occurring less than ∼9000 years ago. These findings add to the growing number of studies in a variety of coastally distributed marine fishes documenting significant barriers to gene flow around peninsular Florida and in the eastern Gulf. The findings also provide further evidence that the traditional model of behavioural ecology, based on large coastal sharks, may not be appropriate for understanding and conserving small coastal sharks.
Data from: Effects of female reproductive competition on birth rate and reproductive scheduling in a historical human population
Costly reproductive competition among females is predicted to lead to strategies that reduce these costs, such as reproductive schedules. Simultaneous births of co-resident women in human families can reduce their infant survival, but whether such competition also affects overall birth rates and whether females time their pregnancies to avoid simultaneous births remain unknown, despite being key questions for understanding how intra-female competition affects reproductive strategies. Here, we used detailed parish registers to study female reproductive competition in historical Finnish joint –families, where brothers stayed on their natal farms and sisters married out, and consequently unrelated daughters-in-law often co-resided and competed for household resources. We quantified the time-varying effects of having reproductive-aged competitor(s) on a woman's interval from marriage to first childbirth, on age-specific fertility, and on birth scheduling. Contrary to our hypothesis, the presence of one or several potential female competitors did not lead to longer first birth intervals or lower age-specific probability of reproduction. We also found no evidence that women would schedule their reproduction to avoid the real cost of simultaneous births on their offspring mortality risk; age-specific reproductive rates were unaltered by changes in the presence of other infants in the household. These results raise interesting questions regarding the evolution of fertility suppression in social mammals in different contexts, the costs and benefits of extended families for female reproductive success and strategies deployed, and the cultural practices that may help to avoid the negative outcomes of female reproductive competition in human families.
Data from: Standing chromosomal variation in Lake Whitefish species pairs: the role of historical contingency and relevance for speciation
The role of chromosome changes in speciation remains a debated topic, although demographic conditions associated with divergence should promote their appearance. We tested a potential relationship between chromosome changes and speciation by studying two Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) lineages that recently colonized postglacial lakes following allopatry. A dwarf limnetic species evolved repeatedly from the normal benthic species, becoming reproductively isolated. Lake Whitefish hybrids experience mitotic and meiotic instability, which may result from structurally divergent chromosomes. Motivated by this observation, we test the hypothesis that chromosome organization differs between Lake Whitefish species pairs using cytogenetics. While chromosome and fundamental numbers are conserved between the species (2n = 80, NF = 98), we observe extensive polymorphism of subtle karyotype traits. We describe intrachromosomal differences associated with heterochromatin and repetitive DNA, and test for parallelism among three sympatric species pairs. Multivariate analyses support the hypothesis that differentiation at the level of subchromosomal markers mostly appeared during allopatry. Yet we find no evidence for parallelism between species pairs among lakes, consistent with colonization effect or postcolonization differentiation. The reported intrachromosomal polymorphisms do not appear to play a central role in driving adaptive divergence between normal and dwarf Lake Whitefish. We discuss how chromosomal differentiation in the Lake Whitefish system may contribute to the destabilization of mitotic and meiotic chromosome segregation in hybrids, as documented previously. The chromosome structures detected here are still difficult to sequence and assemble, demonstrating the value of cytogenetics as a complementary approach to understand the genomic bases of speciation.
Data from: Historical biogeography of endemic seed plant genera in the Caribbean: did GAARlandia play a role?
The Caribbean archipelago is a region with an extremely complex geological history and an outstanding plant diversity with high levels of endemism. The aim of this study is to better understand the historical assembly and evolution of endemic seed plant genera in the Caribbean, by first determining divergence times of endemic genera to test whether the hypothesized Greater Antilles and Aves Ridge (GAARlandia) land bridge played a role in the archipelago colonization, and second by testing South America as the main colonization source as expected by the position of landmasses and recent evidence of an asymmetrical biotic interchange. We reconstructed a dated molecular phylogenetic tree for 625 seed plants including 32 Caribbean endemic genera using Bayesian inference and ten calibrations. To estimate the geographic range of the ancestors of endemic genera we performed a model selection between a null and 2 complex biogeographical models that included timeframes based on geological information, dispersal probabilities and directionality among regions. Crown ages for endemic genera ranged from Early Eocene (53.1 Ma) to Late Pliocene (3.4 Ma). Confidence intervals for divergence times (crown and/or stem ages) of 22 endemic genera occurred within the GAARlandia time frame. Contrary to expectations, the Antilles appears as the main ancestral area for endemic seed plant genera and only five genera had a South American origin. In contrast with patterns shown for vertebrates and other organisms and based on our sampling we conclude that GAARlandia did not act as a colonization route for plants between South America and the Antilles. Further studies on Caribbean plant dispersal at the species and population levels will be required to reveal finer-scale biogeographic patterns and mechanisms.
Data from: Multi-locus phylogeny of lethal amanitas: implications for species diversity and historical biogeography
Background: Lethal amanitas (Amanita section Phalloideae) are a group of wild, fatal mushrooms causing many poisoning cases worldwide. However, the diversity and evolutionary history of these lethal mushrooms remain poorly known due to the limited sampling and insufficient gene fragments employed for phylogenetic analyses. In this study, five gene loci (nrLSU, ITS, rpb2, ef1-α and β-tubulin) with a widely geographic sampling from East and South Asia, Europe, North and Central America, South Africa and Australia were analysed with maximum-likelihood, maximum-parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. Biochemical analyses were also conducted with intention to detect amatoxins and phalloidin in 14 representative samples. Result: Lethal amanitas were robustly supported to be a monophyletic group after excluding five species that were provisionally defined as lethal amanitas based on morphological studies. In lethal amanitas, 28 phylogenetic species were recognised by integrating molecular phylogenetic analyses with morphological studies, and 14 of them represented putatively new species. The biochemical analyses indicated a single origin of cyclic peptide toxins (amatoxins and phalloidin) within Amanita and suggested that this kind of toxins seemed to be a synapomorphy of lethal amanitas. Molecular dating through BEAST and biogeographic analyses with LAGRANGE and RASP indicated that lethal amanitas most likely originated in the Palaeotropics with the present crown group dated around 64.92 Mya in the early Paleocene, and the East Asia–eastern North America or Eurasia–North America–Central America disjunct distribution patterns were primarily established during the middle Oligocene to Miocene. Conclusion: The cryptic diversity found in this study indicates that the species diversity of lethal amanitas is strongly underestimated under the current taxonomy. The intercontinental sister species or sister groups relationships among East Asia and eastern North America or Eurasia–North America–Central America within lethal amanitas are best explained by the diversification model of Palaeotropical origin, dispersal via the Bering Land Bridge, followed by regional vicariance speciation resulting from climate change during the middle Oligocene to the present. These findings indicate the importance of both dispersal and vicariance in shaping the intercontinental distributions of these ectomycorrhizal fungi.
Data from: Genetic structure and diversity among historic and modern populations of the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
The Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), once widespread across Southeast Asia, now consists of as few as 30 individuals within Sumatra and Borneo. To aid in conservation planning, we sequenced 218 bp of control region mitochondrial (mt) DNA, identifying 17 distinct mitochondrial haplotypes across modern (N = 13) and museum (N = 26) samples. Museum specimens from Laos and Myanmar had divergent mtDNA, consistent with the placement of western mainland rhinos into the distinct subspecies D. s. lasiotis (presumed extinct). Haplotypes from Bornean rhinos were highly diverse, but dissimilar from those of other regions, supporting the distinctiveness of the subspecies D. s. harrissoni. Rhinos from Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia shared mtDNA haplotypes, consistent with their traditional placement into a single subspecies D. s sumatrensis. Modern samples of D. s. sumatrensis were genotyped at 18 microsatellite loci. Rhinos within Sumatra formed two sub-populations, likely separated by the Barisan Mountains, though with only modest genetic differentiation between them. There are so few remaining Sumatran rhinoceros that separate management strategies for subspecies or subpopulations may not be viable, while each surviving rhino pedigree is likely to retain alleles found in no other individuals. Given the low population size and low reproductive potential of Sumatran rhinos, rapid genetic erosion is inevitable, while an under-appreciated concern is the potential for fixation of harmful genetic variants. Both concerns underscore two overriding priorities for the species: (1) translocation of wild rhinos to ex situ facilities, and (2) collection and storage of gametes and cell lines from every surviving captive and wild individual.
Museomics for reconstructing historical floristic exchanges: Divergence of Stone Oaks across Wallacea
<p>Natural history collections and tropical tree diversity are treasure troves of biological and evolutionary information, but its accessibility is impeded by several properties. DNA in historical specimens generally occurs in a highly fragmented state, complicating the recovery of high-grade genetic material for scientific studies. Our understanding of hyperdiverse, wide-spread tree assemblages suffers from patchy information on distributions, phenology and paucity of diagnostic characters. This prohibits rapid identification and the strengthening of taxonomic frameworks and in turn, delay the application of downstream conservation actions. Congruently, a sizeable component of botanical collections are sterile, eluding identification and slowing down progress in systematic treatments. With rapid advances in genomics and bioinformatic approaches to biodiversity research, museomics is emerging as a new field breathing life into natural collections built up over centuries. </p> <p>Using MIGseq (multiplexed ISSR genotyping by sequencing), we generated 10,000s of short loci for both freshly collected and museum specimens (aged >100 years) of Lithocarpus, a widespread tropical tree genus endemic to the Asian tropics. Loci recovery from museum and recent samples was unaffected by age and preservation history of the study material, underscoring the reliability and flexibility of the MIGseq approach.</p> <p>Phylogenomic inference and biogeographic reconstruction across insular Asia highlights repeated divergence, migration and diversification patterns between continental Lithocarpus and islands species. Results indicate that co-occurring insular species at the extremity of the distribution range are not monophyletic, raising the possibility of multiple independent dispersals along the outer edge of Wallacea. This suggests that dispersal of large seeded tree genera throughout Malesia and across Wallacea may have been less affected by large geographic distances and the presence of marine barriers than generally assumed. </p> <p><span>We demonstrate the utility of </span><span>MIGseq </span><span>in museomic studies using non-model taxa and present the first range-wide genomic assessment of </span><span>Lithocarpus</span><span> and tropical Fagaceae as a proof-of-concept. Our study shows the potential for developing innovative genomic approaches to improve the capture of novel evolutionary signals using valuable natural history collections of hyperdiverse taxa.</span><span> </span></p>
Data from: GHOST: Recovering Historical Signal from Heterotachously-evolved Sequence Alignments
<p><span>Molecular sequence data that have evolved under the influence of heterotachous evolutionary processes are known to mislead phylogenetic inference. We introduce the General Heterogeneous evolution On a Single Topology (GHOST) model of sequence evolution, implemented under a maximum-likelihood framework in the phylogenetic program IQ-TREE (</span><a class="link link-uri" href="http://www.iqtree.org/">http://www.iqtree.org</a><span>). Simulations show that using the GHOST model, IQ-TREE can accurately recover the tree topology, branch lengths, and substitution model parameters from heterotachously evolved sequences. We investigate the performance of the GHOST model on empirical data by sampling phylogenomic alignments of varying lengths from a plastome alignment. We then carry out inference under the GHOST model on a phylogenomic data set composed of 248 genes from 16 taxa, where we find the GHOST model concurs with the currently accepted view, placing turtles as a sister lineage of archosaurs, in contrast to results obtained using traditional variable rates-across-sites models. Finally, we apply the model to a data set composed of a sodium channel gene of 11 fish taxa, finding that the GHOST model is able to elucidate a subtle component of the historical signal, linked to the previously established convergent evolution of the electric organ in two geographically distinct lineages of electric fish. We compare inference under the GHOST model to partitioning by codon position and show that, owing to the minimization of model constraints, the GHOST model offers unique biological insights when applied to empirical data.</span></p>
Nordic44 - 2015 Powerflow Data: An Open Data Repository of an Equivalent Nordic Grid Model Matched to Historical Electricity Market Data for 2015
<p>This repository is used to provide documentation related to the model and data development process, provide source (raw) data for the model in different forms (i.e. Modelica, CIM 14, and PSS/E) for an equivalent Nordic grid model that has been matched to historical power flow data.</p> <p>The repository is documented in the paper below, see [Ref00].</p> <p><strong>Using this model, data or related software = cite our publications!</strong></p> <p>We are happy to contribute with this dataset, however, if you use any of the data or software provided, we will appreciate if you cite the following publications, as follows:</p> <p>A) Cite that "the raw and processed data files corresponding to the model are available as an open data set and documented in [Ref00]."</p> <p>B) Cite that the first appearance of the model, i.e. "the model is first presented in [Ref01]"</p> <p>[Ref00] L. Vanfretti, S.H. Olsen, V. S. Narasimham Arava, G. Laera, A. Bibadafar, T. Rabuzin, H. Jackobsen, J. Lavenius, and M. Baudette, "An Open Data Repository and a Data Processing Software Toolset of an Equivalent Nordic Grid Model Matched to Historical Electricity Market Data," submitted for publication, Data in Brief, 2016.</p> <p>[Ref01] L. Vanfretti, T. Rabuzin, M. Baudette, M. Murad, iTesla Power Systems Library (iPSL): A Modelica library for phasor time-domain simulations, SoftwareX, Available online 18 May 2016, ISSN 2352-7110, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2016.05.001.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgment:</strong></p> <p>This model was originally developed in the context of the FP7 iTesla project, and further extended within the ITEA3 openCPSproject.</p> <p>Structure of the repository:</p> <p><strong>01_PSSE_Resources</strong>:</p> <ol> <li> <p><strong>Models</strong> :</p> <ul> <li> <p>A folder with PSS/E files of the base case</p> </li> <li> <p>A folder with a 7zip archive containing files of the original N44 system that has been modified to have the PSS/E base case</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><strong>Snapshots</strong> :</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>N44_2015xxxx</strong> are folders named according to the day they refer to (for example <em>N44_20150401</em> refers to the 1st of April 2015). In each folder there are Excel files (<em>Consumption_xx.xlsx</em>, <em>Exchange_xx.xlsx</em>, <em>Production_xx.xlsx</em>) with data downloaded from Nord Pool website, an Excel file (<em>PSSE_in_out.xlsx</em>) summarizing the results from the Python script <em>Nordic44.py</em> in the folder <strong>04_Python_Resources</strong>, PSS/E snapshots for each hour before solving the power flow (<em>hx_before_PF.raw</em>) and after solving the power flow (<em>hx_after_PF.raw</em>)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>N44_BC.sav</em> is the PSS/E solved base case that Python script <em>Nordic44.py</em> (put the reference)</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ol> <p><strong>02_CIM14_Snapshots</strong>:</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>N44_2015xxxx</strong> are folders named according to the day they refer to (e.g. <strong>N44_20150401</strong> refers to the 1st of April 2015). In each folder there are CIM files for each hour (<em>N44_hx_EQ.xml</em>, <em>N44_hx_SV.xml_, _N44_hx_TP.xml</em>)</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>N44_noOL_RDFIDMAP.xml</strong> is the file with IDs mapping of those cases (<em>N44_hx_noOL_EQ.xml</em>, <em>N44_hx_noOL_SV.xml</em>, <em>N44_hx_noOL_TP.xml</em>) with fixed overloading problems.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>N44_RDFIDMAP_2015-1.xml</strong> and <strong>N44_RDFIDMAP_2015-2.xml</strong> are the files with IDs mapping of the remaining snapshots from 2015</p> </li> </ul> <p><strong>03_Modelica</strong>:</p> <ol> <li> <p><strong>iTesla_Platform</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>iPSL</strong> folder contains the version of the library which can be used to simulate snapshots generated from the iTesla Platform</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Modelica_snapshots</strong> Modelica models generated from the snapshots by iTesla Platform</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><strong>SmarTSLab</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>OpenIPSL</strong> folder contains the version of the forked iPSL library which can be used to simulate the manually generated Modelica model of N44 with the record structures corresponding to the snapshots</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Snapshots</strong> folder contains Modelica records automatically generated from the PSS/E records</p> </li> <li> <p><em>N44_Base_Case.mo</em> is the handmade N44 model with the loaded record of the power flow results from the PSS/E base case. It can be used to load other PF results from the folder <strong>03_Modelica/Snapshots</strong></p> </li> </ul> </li> </ol>
FIGURE 1 in Crozetia Davies (Diptera: Simuliidae): redescription of Cr. crozetensis, Cr. seguyi, number of larval instars, phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography
FIGURE 1. Geographic position of the Crozet Archipelago. (Adapted from Carroll 2001)
FIGURE 9 in Type specimens in the Port Elizabeth Museum, South Africa, including the historically important Albany Museum collection. Part 1: Amphibians
FIGURE 9. Family Pipidae: Holotype of Xenopus gilli (PEM A1523).
Site-specific Design Load Cases for floating offshore wind turbine applications I : Historical data
<p>This document includes a brief description of the <a href="https://leopard.tu-braunschweig.de/receive/dbbs_mods_00077703" target="_blank" rel="noopener">first database</a> on the site-specific Design Load Cases (DLCs) based on historical metocean data. The dataset includes metocean data, statistical analysis and site-specific DLCs across the three areas of study defined in the INF4INiTY project: Scottish Sea, Baltic Sea and Adriatic Sea. In addition to the dataset, this deliverable includes a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for the analysis of specific locations within these three areas and the generation of the site-specific DLCs.<br>The aim of this initial version of the database is to provide a first characterisation of the areas of interest in order to use the DLCs on the design of the different innovations planned in various work packages (WPs) INF4INiTY. As the project proceeds, the second database will extend the site-specific DLCs including forecasted data for different horizons and under diverse climate change scenarios.<br>The deliverable is divided into six brief sections describing the (i) the GUI, (ii) characteristics of the data, (iii) the three areas of study and technological requirements, (iv) historical metocean data, (v) site-specific statistical analysis and reporting, and (vi) site-specific DLCs.</p>
Figures 13-15 in A new genus and species of armored scale insect (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) from Australia found in the historic Koebele Collection of the California Academy of Sciences John W. Dooley III
Figures 13-15. Diaspididae spp., habitus, detail of venter of L1 lobes, and pygidium ventral (left) and dorsal (right) (after Brimblecombe 1957). 13) Megaspidiotus fimbriatus. 14) Mimeraspis cuspiloba. 15) Myrtophila curvata.
ARTISTIC CONCEPT THE IMAGE OF "RUSTAM AND SOKHRAB" IN THE "SHAHNAME" FERDOWSI(MYTHOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ASPECTS)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Craters in Historical Aerial Images (CHAI) Dataset
<p>This dataset contains 99 aerial images from Austria and Germany from 1943 - 1945. There are three versions of the dataset: <strong>CHAI-raw</strong>, <strong>CHAI-full</strong>, and <strong>CHAI-light</strong>. The CHAI-raw contains the original 99 historical aerial images with a Region of Interest (ROI) mask as well as the crater annotations. CHAI-full and CHAI-light are the derived datasets that were used for the evaluation of the paper <strong>"CHAI: Craters in Historical Aerial Images"</strong> presented at <a href="https://wacv2024.thecvf.com/">WACV2024</a>. For both datasets we extracted 960×960 patches with an overlap of 20%, both come with the images in .png format and the train, val, and test as .json files in the COCO style. The difference between the CHAI-full and CHAI-light datasets is that for the light version, all patches without any annotations have been removed, which results in the same amount of annotations, but fewer patches.</p><h2>Technical Details</h2><p>CHAI-raw contains all images unnormalized, additionally, the -info.csv contains the GSD in m, the -mask.png contains the region of interest (only in which craters were annotated), as well as the craters.csv and craters-manual-adapted.csv, which contain the craters and the manually refined craters, details can be found in the original publication. For ease of use, please consider using the derived datasets, which were used for the evaluation of our paper:<br><br>Will be linked once published.</p><p>Please cite the WACV paper when publishing results on these datasets.</p><h2>Access</h2><p>If you would like to request access to these files, please fill out the form below.</p><p>You need to satisfy these conditions in order for this request to be accepted:</p><p>The dataset is freely available for non-commercial research use. In order to get access to the dataset you have to fill in and sign the <a href="https://cvl.tuwien.ac.at/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Form-Agreement-for-Usage-of-CHAI-Dataset.pdf">usage agreement form</a> and send it to <a href="https://cvl.tuwien.ac.at/staff/marvin-burges/">Marvin Burges</a><a href="mailto:sebastian.zambanini@tuwien.ac.at">.</a></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.