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13,017 results for “Positionning”
FIGURE 3 in A new phosphatized ophiuroid from the lower Triassic of Nevada and its position in the evolutionary history of the Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata)
FIGURE 3: Morphology-based phylogenetic tree inferred using MrBayes, showing the position of Ophiosuperstes praeparvus gen. et sp. nov. (marked in bold). Numbers at nodes indicate posterior probabilities.
FIGURE. Variable positions in the ITS2 secondary structure of some Coelastrella sensu lato species. The ITS2 model of Coelastrella striolata strain CAUP H 3602 (JX513881) was used to map sequence differences. Variable positions of analyzed strains (GenBank numbers can be found in Table 3, 4 are given next to the main structure and are marked in bold. Hemi- Compensatory Base Changes in conservative regions are circled and Compensatory Base Change is contoured. Sequences of strains with GenBank numbers JX513879 (C. aeroterrestrica), JX513882 (C. terrestris), JX513884 (C. rubescens), MH176120 (C. rubescens var. oocystiformis), JX513880 (C. multistriata), JX513887 (C. oocystiformis) were used as representatives of Coelastrella species. The strains analyzed in this study are underlined. in Morphological and phylogenetic relations of members of the genus Coelastrella (Scenedesmaceae, Chlorophyta) from the Ural and Khentii Mountains (Russia, Mongolia)
FIGURE. Variable positions in the ITS2 secondary structure of some Coelastrella sensu lato species. The ITS2 model of Coelastrella striolata strain CAUP H 3602 (JX513881) was used to map sequence differences. Variable positions of analyzed strains (GenBank numbers can be found in Table 3, 4 are given next to the main structure and are marked in bold. Hemi- Compensatory Base Changes in conservative regions are circled and Compensatory Base Change is contoured. Sequences of strains with GenBank numbers JX513879 (C. aeroterrestrica), JX513882 (C. terrestris), JX513884 (C. rubescens), MH176120 (C. rubescens var. oocystiformis), JX513880 (C. multistriata), JX513887 (C. oocystiformis) were used as representatives of Coelastrella species. The strains analyzed in this study are underlined.
A MRI evaluation on the effect of a mattress on spine angles in supine position
<p>The primary aim of this study was to assess the changes of the L1-L5, L1-S1, L5-S1 angles and the sacral slope, evaluated by MRI, between two conditions: (1) in a supine position on a mattress; (2) in a supine position on hard surface. The second aim was to analyze the spine angles in a standing position, using the EOS system (EOS system, France), in relation to the supine position using MRI.</p>
FIGURES 35–40 in A new species of Epithemia Kützing (Bacillariophyceae, Rhopalodiales) from the Mula river, Western Ghats, India, with comments on the phylogenetic position of Rhopalodia and Epithemia
FIGURES 35–40. Epithemia agharkarii sp. nov., SEM from the type material (AHMA #1405), external and internal views. 35, 36. Dorsal frustule showing a regularly sculptured outer surface (Fig. 35, arrows) of the valve with C-type foramina, single row of poroids on the valvocopula and cingulum elements (Fig. 35, asterisks). 37. Ventral view of valve internal with primary (arrows) and secondary fibular costae (arrows), alveolus. 38. Internal view showing the siliceous extensions of the ribs indicated by asterisks. 39. Magnified view of primary fibular costae inside with secondary fibular costae, alveolus (asterisks), C-shaped foramina (arrows), silica processes, and irregularly shaped portula with internal raphe (arrowheads) inside the canal. 40. Broken valve showing the raphe canal (arrows), portula (arrowheads) and stright distal raphe ending. Scale bar = 10 μm (Fig. 35), 2 μm (Fig. 36), 4 μm (Figs 37, 38, 40), 1 μm (Fig. 39).
FIGURES 1–28 in A new species of Epithemia Kützing (Bacillariophyceae, Rhopalodiales) from the Mula river, Western Ghats, India, with comments on the phylogenetic position of Rhopalodia and Epithemia
FIGURES 1–28. Epithemia agharkarii sp. nov., LM (DIC) from the type material (AHMA #1405). 1–28. Valves, focused on the ventral part of the valve face, showing the valve variability of the population. 4–5. Same valve showing fibular costae. 21–26. Frustule focused on the ventral girdle view of the frustule variability of the holotype population. Fig. 20 represents the holotype. Figs 3, 20, and 28. In LM view, arrows showing the raphe, extending from near the ventral margin at the apices to nearly the dorsal margin in the center. 24. In LM view, arrows indicating the terminal thickenings of the transapical costae. Scale bar = 10 μm, Figs 1–20 (Fig. 8) & 21–28 (Fig. 21).
FIGURES 8–11 in Phylogenetic relationships of Elateridae inferred from adult morphology, with special reference to the position of Cardiophorinae
FIGURES 8–11. Dorsal view of scutellum of Cardiophorinae (scale bar = 0.5 mm). 8, Esthesopus castaneus; 9 Blaiseus bedeli; 10, Cardiophorus gramineus; 11, Negastrius americanus. Figure 12. Latero-ventral view of mesepimeron and mesepisternum of Cardiophorus fenestratus (LeConte) showing measurement of angle (a) of anterolateral corner of mesepisternum (scale bar = 0.5 mm). MST = mesepisternum; MRN = mesepimeron.
FIGURES. 5–6 in Phylogenetic relationships of Elateridae inferred from adult morphology, with special reference to the position of Cardiophorinae
FIGURES. 5–6. Latero-ventral view of hypomeron of Cardiophorinae (scale bar = 1 mm). 5, Cardiophorus gagates Erichson; 6, Cardiophorus propinquus Lanchester. Ant = anterior.
Using positive-to-negative behavioural responses to evaluate treefrog mate choice
<p>Sexual competition hinges on the ability to impress other conspecifics, to drive them away or attract them. In such cases, the selective environment may be hedonic or affective in nature, as it consists of the evaluations of the individuals making the decisions. This may contribute to the power of sexual selection because evaluations may range from positive to negative rather than simply from positive to neutral. Selection due to mate choice may therefore be stronger than currently appreciated. Further, change in preferred mate types can occur simply by changes ("flips") in the evaluation of similar display features, adding to the dynamism of sexual selection as well as its strength. We tested the hypothesis of positive-to-negative behavioural responses in mate choice with a playback experiment using two treefrog species with "mirror image" structures in their advertisement and aggressive calls. Female treefrog responses ranged from approach to evasion, and the presence of an aversive stimulus tainted evaluation of an attractive stimulus. Further, females in the two species showed flips in approach/evasion of stimuli with comparable signal structure. These results suggest that hedonic evaluation may have an important role in mate choice, and showcase how mechanistic analysis can help understand evolutionary processes.</p>
Figure 6 in New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea)
Figure 6. Spines of Caymanostella admiranda, RV Dmitry Mendeleev, St. 1234 (A–C), and C. madagascarensis, RV Vityaz II, St. 2653 (D–F). A, B, abactinal spinelets of the holotype; C, inferomarginal spine of the holotype; D, E, abactinal granules of the holotype; F, inferomarginal spine of the holotype.
Figure 4 in New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea)
Figure 4. Spines of Caymanostella spinimarginata, RV Akademik Kurchatov, St. 1267 (A–H), and C. cf. spinimarginata, RV Sonne, St. SO250-9 (I–R). A, inferomarginal spine of the holotype; B, inferomarginal spine of the paratype №3; C, inferomarginal spine of the paratype №7; D, E, adambulacral spines of the holotype; F, abactinal spinelet of the holotype; G, abactinal spinelet of the paratype №3; H, abactinal spinelet of the paratype №7; I, inferomarginal spine of the specimen №1; J–L, inferomarginal spines of the specimen №2; M, N, adambulacral spines of the specimen №1; O, adambulacral spine of the specimen №2; P, abactinal spinelet of the specimen №1; Q, spinelet from the aboral side of inferomarginal plate, specimen №2; R, one of the enlarged abactinal spinelets of the specimen №1.
Figure 3 in New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea)
Figure 3. Madreporites of different species of the genus Caymanostella. A, C. madagascarensis, RV Vityaz II, St. 2653, holotype; B, C. admiranda, RV Dmitry Mendeleev, St. 1234, holotype; C, C. spinimarginata, RV Akademik Kurchatov, St. 1267, paratype №3; D, C. cf. spinimarginata, RV Sonne, St. SO250-9, specimen №1.
Figure 1 in New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea)
Figure 1. Distribution of Caymanostella species, including the new record from the KuramBio II expedition.
Figure 7 in New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea)
Figure 7. Bayesian inference (BI) 50%-majority rule consensus tree. The analysis was based on the concatenated 3208- bp long dataset that included three mitochondrial (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, COI) and two nuclear (18S rRNA, early stage H3 histone) markers. Branch support values are given from the BI (posterior probabilities)/ML (bootstrap percentage, 750 bootstrap replicates). The tree was artificially rooted between Velatida + Peripodida clade and other asteroid taxa. Ordinal names (at the right) are abbreviated as follows: BRIS, Brisingida; FOR, Forcipulatida; PER, Peripodida; N, Notomyotida; PAX, Paxillosida; SP, Spinulodida; VAL, Valvatida; VEL, Velatida. Familial names (aligned with the species names) are abbreviated as follows: Act, Acanthasteridae; Arch, Archasteridae; Asn, Asterinidae; Asp, Astropectinidae; Asps, Asteropseidae; Ast, Asteriidae; Bent, Benthopectinidae; Bris, Brisingidae; Cay, Caymanostellidae; Cht, Chaetasteridae; Cten, Ctenodiscidae; Ech, Echinasteridae; Fre, Freyellidae; Gan, Ganeriidae; Gon, Goniasteridae; Gop, Goniopectinidae; Hel, Heliasteridae; Kor, Korethrasteridae; Lei, Leilasteridae; Lu, Luidiidae; Mit, Mithrodiidae; Myx, Myxasteridae; Odt, Odontasteridae; Oph, Ophidiasteridae; Ore, Oreasteridae; Ped, Pedicellasteridae; Por, Poraniidae; Porc, Porcellanasteridae; Pse, Pseudarchasteridae; Pter, Pterasteridae; Sol, Solasteridae; Stich, Stichasteridae; Xyl, Xyloplacidae; Zor, Zoroasteridae.
Figure 5 in New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea)
Figure 5. Caymanostella cf. spinimarginata specimens, RV Sonne, St. SO250-9. A, B, freshly caught specimen №3: A, aboral view; B, oral view. C, D, ethanol fixed specimen №2: C, aboral view; D, oral view.
Figure 2 in New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea)
Figure 2. Species of the genus Caymanostella. A, B, C. admiranda, RV Dmitry Mendeleev, St. 1234, holotype: A, aboral view; B, oral view. С, D, C. madagascarensis, RV Vityaz II, St. 2653, holotype: C, aboral view; D, oral view. E, F, C. spinimarginata, RV Akademik Kurchatov, St. 1267, paratype №1: E, aboral view; F, oral view. C. cf. spinimarginata, RV Sonne, St. SO250-9, specimen №1: G, aboral view; H, oral view.
Pyramidal Cell-Interneuron Coupling with Positive Correlation
<p>The firing-rate maps of the pyramidal cells and interneurons had a pronounced spatial-overlap with the positive correlation in the rectangular-shaped track at higher firing rates.</p>
Dynamic Tactility by Position-Encoded Spike Spectrum
<p>Title: Dynamic Tactility by Position-Encoded Spike Spectrum<br> Authors: Taeyeong Kim1, Jaehun Kim2, Insang You3, Joosung Oh1, Sung-Phil Kim2*, Unyong Jeong1*<br> Affiliations:<br> 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea<br> 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea<br> 3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea<br> *Corresponding authors: spkim@unist.ac.kr, ujeong@postech.ac.kr </p>
Genome-wide analysis of natural and restored eastern oyster populations reveals local adaptation and positive impacts of planting frequency and broodstock number
<p>The release of captive-bred plants and animals has increased worldwide to augment declining species. However, insufficient attention has been given to understanding how neutral and adaptive genetic variation are partitioned within and among proximal natural populations, and the patterns and drivers of gene flow over small spatial scales, which can be important for restoration success. A seascape genomics approach was used to investigate population structure, local adaptation, and the extent to which environmental gradients influence genetic variation among natural and restored populations of Chesapeake Bay eastern oysters <i>Crassostrea virginica</i>. We also investigated the impact of hatchery practices on neutral genetic diversity of restored reefs and quantified the broader genetic impacts of large-scale hatchery-based bivalve restoration. Restored reefs showed similar levels of diversity as natural reefs, and striking relationships were found between planting frequency and broodstock numbers and genetic diversity metrics (effective population size and relatedness), suggesting that hatchery practices can have a major impact on diversity. Despite long-term restoration activities, haphazard historical translocations, and high dispersal potential of larvae that could homogenize allele frequencies among populations, moderate neutral population genetic structure was uncovered. Moreover, environmental factors, namely salinity, pH, and temperature, play a major role in the distribution of neutral and adaptive genetic variation. For marine invertebrates in heterogeneous seascapes, collecting broodstock from large populations experiencing similar environments to candidate sites may provide the most appropriate sources for restoration and ensure population resilience in the face of rapid environmental change. This is one of a few studies to demonstrate empirically that hatchery practices have a major impact on the retention of genetic diversity. Overall, these results contribute to the growing body of evidence for fine-scale genetic structure and local adaptation in broadcast-spawning marine species and provide novel information for the management of an important fisheries resource.</p>
Initial particles position
<p>Initial Particles Position for DELFT3D</p>
FIGURE 5 in Turrana ejuncida, a new species of Acanthocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) from Cape Range, Western Australia, with discussion of its systematic position and host plant associations
FIGURE 5. Map of point localities of Turrana abnormis Distant (triangles) and T. ejuncida sp. nov. (circle). Localities of T. abnormis from Cassis & Gross (2002).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.