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12,237 results for “2019”
Spatiotemporal variation in internal phosphorus loading, sediment characteristics, water column chemistry, and thermal mixing in a hypereutrophic reservoir in southwest Iowa, USA (2019-2020)
The primary aim of the data product is to quantify seasonal and spatial variation in sediment phosphorus fluxes in a temperate reservoir and evaluate mechanisms responsible for instances of elevated sediment phosphorus release. We studied Green Valley Lake, a hypereutrophic reservoir in southwest Iowa, USA, from 2019 to 2020. We measured sediment phosphorus flux rates and potential explanatory variables at three sites along the longitudinal gradient of the reservoir over six sampling events during winter and summer stratification as well as mixing events in the spring, summer, and fall. Ex situ sediment core incubations were used to measure sediment P release rates under ambient temperature and dissolved oxygen conditions. Explanatory variables measured included sediment phosphorus chemistry, sediment physical characteristics, epilimnetic and hypolimnetic nutrient concentrations, and thermal stratification patterns. These data will be used to identify mechanisms driving hot spots and hot moments of sediment phosphorus release, which will contribute to our understanding of how areas of lakebed and times of the year can disproportionately influence whole-lake water chemistry.
Knights Landing, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Genetic Determination of Population of Origin 2017 through 2019
Central Valley Chinook Salmon populations differ in their Endangered Species Act listing status. It is often difficult to distinguish individuals from the different Evolutionarily Significant Units. As such, many of the salmon monitoring and evaluation efforts in the Central Valley and San Francisco Bay-Delta are hampered by uncertainty about population (stock) identification and proportional effects of management actions (Dekar et al. 2013; IEP 2019). Studies have identified that the current identification method (length-at-date models) of juvenile Chinook salmon (Fisher 1992) captured in the watershed vary in their accuracy, particularly for spring-run (NMFS 2013; Harvey et al. 2014; Merz et al. 2014). The inaccuracy of the size-based methods is likely due to differences in fish distribution during early rearing, habitat-specific growth rates, and inter-annual variability in temperatures and food availability that lead to overlap in size ranges among stocks. The primary objective of this project was the genetic classification (to race; Evolutionary Significant Unit) of Chinook Salmon captured from State Water Project and Central Valley Project fish protection facilities and Interagency Ecological Program monitoring programs. The population-of-origin was determined for sampled fish by comparing their genotypes to reference genetic baselines. Genetic methods, having less statistical uncertainty that size-based models for population identification, were intended to directly target (and reduce) one source of uncertainty in the estimation of loss (take) from water diversions (operations) and develop the information necessary for understanding stock-specific distribution, habitat utilization, abundance, and life history variation. This project supports recommendations from the Interagency Ecological Program’s Salmon and Sturgeon Assessment of Indicators by Life Stage and Interagency Ecological Program Science Agenda efforts to improve Central Valley salmonid monitoring
Denitrification, nitrogen fixation, and physio-chemical data for Pilgrim River from May 2017 to May 2019
Rates of nutrient cycling processes, as well as the drivers and mechanisms of variation in those rates, may change at different time scales. Although seasonal patterns in these process rates have been studied, it's unclear how they may respond to shifting seasonal dynamics (i.e., earlier snowmelt and extreme weather events), and we know little about how rates may vary at shorter daily and weekly timescales. Understanding this variation across temporal scales is essential to understand how nutrient cycling processes operate in aquatic ecosystems and predict how they may respond to global change. This study quantified denitrification and nitrogen (N) fixation rates seasonally and daily in a northern temperate river, and explored how environmental conditions such as discharge, light, and nutrients were related to that variation at different time scales in the Pilgrim River, tributary of Lake Superior located in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA. This dataset includes denitrification and nitrogen fixation rates measured from May 2017- May 2019 on rock and sediment substrates as well as physical and chemical properties of the river measured during each sampling event.
Chamber measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) in Everglades following Hurricane Irma: 2017 - 2019
On September 9, 2017, highwinds from Hurricane Irma impacted the Florida Everglades. With 24 hours of heavy rain along with strong winds and storm surge, the storm caused higher than normal water levels, wind-induced defoliation, uprooting of plants and soil disturbance in Everglades short-stature freshwater wetlands. The hurricane redistributed short-stature vegetation into dead mats in Everglades National Park. The high post-storm water levels saturated many of these dead mats, slowing decomposition and increasing their persistence on the landscape. In this study, we measure carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes at dead mats and compared them to the ridge and slough of freshwater marsh and to the marl prairie.
NEON rivers Level 0 multisonde temperature data - Jan 2019 to Jul 2022
The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON; https://www.neonscience.org) collects water temperature measurements from its three river sites using thermistors measuring at various depths throughout the water column. This data is published as part of the water temperature at specific depth in surface water data product (DP1.20264.001). At various times, gaps may occur in this data. The multisonde used to measure water quality (DP1.20288.001) also collects water temperature measurements that can potentially be used to fill these gaps. This data is not published by NEON as part of the Level 1 water quality data product because it is not as accurate. The calibration of the multisonde temperature sensor is also factory set and cannot be adjusted. This data package contains the Level 0 multisonde water temperature data for NEON river sites from Jan 1 2019 to Jul 31 2022. This is raw data that has not been QA/QC'ed. NEON makes no guarantees about the accuracy of this data.
Summer water chemistry, phytoplankton and zooplankton community composition, size structure, and biomass in a shallow, hypereutrophic reservoir in southwestern Iowa, USA (2019).
This data product contains data for Green Valley Lake, a hypereutrophic reservoir in southwest Iowa (USA) from the summer of 2019. We sampled and quantified zooplankton, phytoplankton, and nutrient concentrations (total N, total P, soluble reactive P, nitrate) in the lake weekly with the primary aim of assessing consumer nutrient cycling, specifically zooplankton nutrient cycling, in a hypereutrophic reservoir. Weekly plankton sampling included quantifying zooplankton and phytoplankton biomass, community composition, and size structure. Phytoplankton size was measured as the greatest axial linear distance which would be approached by a zooplankton grazer. Allometric equations from the literature were applied to the zooplankton size measurements to estimate zooplankton community excretion of N and P. We found that the estimated contribution of zooplankton excretion to the dissolved P pool was substantial in the spring. Further, we found evidence that zooplankton affected phytoplankton size distributions through selective grazing of smaller phytoplankton cells likely affecting nutrient uptake and storage by phytoplankton.
Hourly water chemistry measurements at the mouth of West Falmouth Harbor, MA, USA from 2005 to 2019 and 2023
West Falmouth Harbor (West Falmouth, MA, USA) has been experiencing a dramatic increase in nitrogen loading from an upgradient municipal wastewater treatment facility since the early 2000s. As part of a long-term study into the effects of this nitrogen enrichment, we have been measuring water chemistry at the mouth of the harbor to calculate exchange between the harbor and adjacent coastal waters of Buzzards Bay. Water samples were taken hourly over 24- to 48-hour periods during several periods in 2005-2009, 2014, 2017, 2019, and 2023. Data from 2005-2009 were collected year-round; samples from 2014 and later were collected during June through August. Samples were processed for ammonium, phosphate, nitrate + nitrite, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus unless otherwise notated. During some sampling years, additional samples were run for silicate, chlorophyll, total dissolved nitrogen, total dissolved phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, and particulate organic nitrogen. Salinity is reported for all samples. Samples were collected with an ISCO autosampler and stored on ice until analysis. Full analysis details and quality control methods are available in Hayn et al. 2014 (doi: 10.1007/s12237-013-9699-8) and Hayn 2025 (doi: 10.7298/btm6-ba76).
Seagrass morphometry and chlorophyll content at nine stations along a eutrophication gradient in West Falmouth Harbor, 2019
West Falmouth Harbor (West Falmouth, MA, USA) has been experiencing a dramatic increase in nitrogen loading from an upgradient municipal wastewater treatment facility since the early 2000’s. As part of a long-term study into the effects of this nitrogen enrichment, in 2019 we sampled seagrass (Zostera marina) to assess the relationship between sediment biogeochemistry and seagrass ecosystem parameters. This dataset contains information on aboveground and belowground biomass ratios, seagrass density, epiphyte biomass, and chlorophyll content from sites across the eelgrass bed in West Falmouth Harbor that receive varying inputs of nitrogen. The data supports findings reported in Haviland et al., 2022 (https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12025).
Lignin, litter, and soil carbon decomposition from soil samples collected from 20 National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites in 2019
These data support the findings of a manuscript by Huang et al. (2023) published in Nature Communications (doi pending). We used incubations of soil and stable isotope measurements to measure lignin, litter, and SOC decomposition over an 18-month lab incubation and assessed their relationships with geochemical, microbial, N-related and climatic factors across 156 mineral soils collected from 20 National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites, which span broad biophysical gradients (climate, soil, and vegetation type) across North America. The soils were collected in 2019. Lignin decomposition and biogeochemical variables were also measured in an approximately 12-month field incubation.
El Yunque National Forest Vegetation Monitoring Project data, 2019-2021
This data package includes data collected as part of the El Yunque National Forest (EYNF) Vegetation Monitoring Project, the first phase of which was conducted between January 2019 and April 2021 and is now completed. EYNF is coterminous with the Luquillo Experimental Forest. The project was implemented as a collaborative endeavor between the Amigos de El Yunque Foundation, the USDA Forest Service, and the University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus. Funding was provided by the Forest Service. It includes data for 40 0.1-ha circular plots located in secondary forest within the subtropical moist and wet life zones, ranging in elevation from approximately 100-600 m asl. Plots are classified into three groups based on combinations of their historical canopy cover and post-agricultural regeneration pathways. The first group corresponds to secondary forest plots with >50% canopy cover in 1936 that have continued to recover via passive natural regeneration (>50 P plots). The second group corresponds to secondary forest plots with <50% canopy cover in 1936 that have continued to recover via passive natural regeneration (<50 P plots). The third group corresponds to secondary forest plots that also had <50% cover in 1936 and experienced a combination of both assisted and passive natural regeneration (50 A+P plots). The assisted regeneration occurred up to the early 1980s. Since the 1980s this third group of plots has only undergone exclusively passive natural restoration. Eleven plots (total area = 1.1 ha) are classified as >50 P, 21 plots (total area = 2.1 ha) are classified as <50 P, and 8 plots (total area = 0.8 ha) as <50 A+P. There are two data sets. The first represents general plot and ground cover data for the 40 plots. The second represents tree composition, structure, biomass, and ecosystem service data for 4242 trees within the 40 plots. Data were collected using i-Tree Eco methodology.
Nutrient Inputs in Mesocosms of an Oligotrophic Lake Fail to Sustain an Algal Bloom, Lake George, NY, 2019
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, and their frequency in oligotrophic lakes—previously thought resistant to such blooms due to their low nutrient levels—has been increasing. This challenges the traditional view that nutrient loading, a major driver of HABs, is less relevant in low-nutrient systems. To investigate whether nutrient enrichment plays a role in HAB development in oligotrophic lakes, we used in-lake mesocosms to assess the effects of varying nitrogen and phosphorus levels on pelagic communities over a 4-week period. The experiment utilized 20 mesocosms (~2,000 L each), with varying phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) concentrations, all maintaining a 30:1 N:P ratio, representing ten distinct nutrient levels (235:8 µg/L [control], 600:20 µg/L, 1200:40 µg/L, 1800:60 µg/L, 2400:80 µg/L, 3000:100 µg/L, 3600:120 µg/L, 4200:140 µg/L, 4800:160 µg/L, and 5400:180 µg/L). Nutrients were added twice a week (Tuesdays and Fridays) to sustain the concentrations, with two replicates for each of the ten treatments, totaling 20 experimental units. Water samples were collected to assess water chemistry at two points during the experiment (days 12 and 26). The water chemistry variables measured included total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), total nitrogen (TN), nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, and chlorophyll a. Phytoplankton abundance and abiotic conditions (dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, and turbidity) were monitored on days 5, 7, 10, 13, 17, 19, 21. Grab samples were also collected on day 12 and 26 to identify phytoplankton species/abundance and zooplankton abundance. In this experiment, nutrient additions enhanced the fluorescence of chlorophyll a (indicative of total phytoplankton) and phycocyanin (a proxy for cyanobacteria), these increases plateaued at low nutrient levels and were transient. Phytoplankton species identification and enumeration revealed no significant changes
Delta Smelt Enclosure Studies, North Delta Arc of the upper San Francisco Estuary, CA, 2019 - 2024
This dataset comprises data from seven different enclosure studies, each of which used Delta Smelt reared by the UC Davis Fish Conservation and Culture Laboratory (FCCL). Each study had unique study questions and utilized slightly different methods. Enclosure Prototype (Rio Vista (RV) and Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel (SDWSC)) – these studies, conducted January through February (RV) and March (SDWSC) of 2019, were designed to test different enclosure mesh sizes to assess their effects on Delta Smelt growth, survival, and feeding efficacy over a period of four weeks. Three different enclosure designs were deployed at two locations (Rio Vista and the Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel), with 60 to 64 fish per enclosure and a control group of 30 fish at FCCL. See Baerwald et al, 2023 for details. - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286027 North Delta Pilot – This study, conducted in July and August of 2019, was implemented to test the feasibility of using enclosures to evaluate a flow action designed to improve food for Delta Smelt in the Yolo Bypass, and test upper thermal limits in field conditions for cultured Delta Smelt. Three enclosures were placed at Rio Vista and one enclosure was placed in the Yolo Bypass. Each enclosure held 60 fish. A control group of 90 fish was held at FCCL. The study lasted for four weeks; however, the Yolo Bypass enclosures were removed after three weeks following a heat wave that was lethal to all enclosure fish at that site. Suisun Marsh Pilot – This study, conducted in October and November of 2019, tested the feasibility of using enclosures to evaluate a flow action designed to improve low salinity habitat for Delta Smelt in Suisun Marsh. Three enclosures per site were placed at three locations (Suisun Marsh, Rio Vista, and the Yolo Bypass). Each enclosure held 60 fish, and a control group of 90 fish was held at FCCL. The study lasted for four weeks. Domestication/Behavior – This study, conducted in January and February of 20
Fish and crayfish density and count data for Peeks Creek, Macon County, NC, USA 2005-2014, 2019, and 2022 following a catastrophic debris flow, as well as six reference streams
We followed the process of recovery of the fish and crayfish assemblage in Peeks Creek, a high-gradient second order stream in the Little Tennessee River watershed of North Carolina, after a debris flow devastated the channel and its riparian zone. After 15 years, the fish assemblage had recovered, and the channel and riparian zone had stabilized. Of the three major components of the fish assemblage, Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)), a strong swimmer, reappeared in year 1. Longnose Dace (Rhinichthys cataractae (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes)) reappeared in year 3. Mottled Sculpin (Cottus bairdii Girard), a weak swimmer, did not become established until year 6 and only resumed expected abundance in year 9. Appalachian Brook Crayfish (Cambarus bartonii cavatus Hay) numbers recovered quickly, though only one individual was found the year following the debris flow. Unassisted natural recovery occurred after a costly engineered restoration project had been rejected and arguably represents the preferable solution. However, recovery of the fish assemblage may not have been achieved if the stream flowed directly into an impoundment or low gradient river that lacked the source of species for recolonization, or if the stream had been located above a barrier to upstream movement.
Water year 2019 monitoring of the inorganic carbon system (pH and total alkalinity) in the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA)
These data were collected by the University of Montana and Montana State University to support the Upper Clark Fork River restoration monitoring project supported by the US NSF Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river inorganic carbon system to the floodplain restoration. Data are lab analyses of pH and total alkalinity in samples of well-mixed river thalweg water. Data are from the 2019 water year (1 Oct 2018 to 30 Sep 2019). Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at 13 project sites distributed along the river from the vicinity of Anaconda to Missoula, Montana, USA. Lab analyses include high-precision colorimetric pH analysis and gran titration of alkalinity.
Tussock (Eriophorum vaginatum) density, mortality, and rodent-herbivore activity in moist acidic tussock tundra at the site of the 2007 Anaktuvuk River fire and nearby unburned tundra, measured in 2019
This dataset consists of tussock density, mortality rates and causes, and an assesment of rodent-herbivore activity levels in previously burned (2007 Anaktuvuk River fire) and unburned tussock tundra. Eriophourm vaginatum tussocks were counted every meter within a 1 square meter quadrat along three transects. Cause of tussock mortality, as well as level of rodent herbivory was assessed for each tussock, and rodent herbivore activity was assessed for each quadrat. The goal of the project was to examine the impact of post-fire changes in plant community composition and structure on habitat suitability and rodent herbivore activity in response to a large, severe, and unprecedented fire in northern Alaska moist acidic tundra.
Comparison of vole-grazed and ungrazed Eriophorum vaginatum tussock biomass at the 2007 Anaktuvuk River fire scar in 2019
This file contains biomass measurements from vole-grazed and ungrazed Eriophorum vaginatum tussocks taken from the 2007 Anaktuvuk River Fire scar in 2019. Rodent-grazed and ungrazed tussocks were harvested to assess the impact voles have on biomass. Eighteen grazed tussocks and seven ungrazed tussocks were harvested and taken back to the lab. Ungrazed tussocks were subsampled to make seperation faster. Eight additional ungrzed tussocks were measured in the field and biomass estimates were made using allometry equations based on diameter. The goals of the project were to examine the impact of post-fire changes in plant community composition and structure on habitat suitability and rodent herbivore activity in response to a large, severe, and unprecedented fire in northern Alaska moist acidic tundra.
Eriophorum vaginatum rhizome nitrogen content from the 2007 Anaktuvuk River fire scar measured in 2019.
This file contains Eriophorum vaginatum rhizome biomass from a 2017 biomass pluck of previously burned tundra (2007 Anaktuvuk River Fire) and nearby unburned tundra. Rhizome biomass from the pluck was combined with rhizome percent nitrogen estimates (2.47% at the Anaktuvuk River Fire, and 1.05% at the nearby unburned site) to estimate grams of nitrogen per meter squared, to evaluate differences in winter forage quality for the rodent herbivore, Microtus oeconomus. Percent nitrogen estimates were derived from pooled rhizome samples collected from the two sites in late 2018. The goals of the project were to examine the impact of post-fire changes in plant community composition, nutrient quality and structure on habitat suitability and rodent herbivore activity in response to a large, severe, and unprecedented fire in northern Alaska moist acidic tundra.
Habitat use, consumption, and growth by slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) held under different levels of temperature at Toolik Field Station 2019
We tested effects of temperature (12 and 19.3 degrees C; 27 days) on habitat use, consumption, and growth of slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus). To measure temperature selection by sculpin, we connected two 5.7 L tanks with a PVC pipe that was passable by sculpin (n = 12 tanks). We heated one side of the tank to 12 °C and the other to 19.3 °C using aquarium heaters.
Small mammal structure cover collected at Team Vole fences near Nome, Toolik Lake, and Utqaigvik, Alaska, summer 2019
Percent cover of tundra vole and brown lemming structures collected from within the Team Vole enclosure/exclosure fences near Nome, Toolik, Utqiagvik, AK 2019.
Methane concentrations in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leachates from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summers of 2018 and 2019
Methane (CH4) concentrations were measured in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leachates of permafrost soils collected from the frozen permafrost layer at five sites underlying tussock tundra or wet sedge vegetation on the North Slope of Alaska during the summers of 2018 and 2019.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.