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Figures 1–2 in Euscorpius sulfur sp n (Scorpiones Euscorpiidae) a new cave scorpion from Albania and northwestern Greece

Figures 1–2: Euscorpius sulfur sp. n., females paratopotypes in vivo habitus under UV (1, photograph by Ruxandra Nitescu) and white (2, photograph by Traian Brad) light.

Figures 15–22 in Euscorpius sulfur sp n (Scorpiones Euscorpiidae) a new cave scorpion from Albania and northwestern Greece

Figures 15–22: E. sulfur sp. n. Figures 15. Male paratype, telson lateral. Figures 17–19. Male holotype, metasoma and telson lateral (17), dorsal (18), and ventral with sternite VII (19) views. Figures 16, 20–22. Female paratopotype, telson lateral (16), metasoma and telson lateral (20), dorsal (21), and ventral (22) views. Scale bars: 10 mm (17–22).

Figures 50–51. Figure 50 in Euscorpius sulfur sp n (Scorpiones Euscorpiidae) a new cave scorpion from Albania and northwestern Greece

Figures 50–51. Figure 50. Map of distribution of E. sulfur sp. n. Figure 51. A map of Sulfur Cave. Surveyes by M. Audy, R. Bouda, drawn by M. Audy (Czech Speleological S ociety 2021).

Figures 42–49. E in Euscorpius sulfur sp n (Scorpiones Euscorpiidae) a new cave scorpion from Albania and northwestern Greece

Figures 42–49. E. sulfur sp. n., female juvenile paratype from Turtle Cave, pedipalp segments. Chela dorsal (42), external (43) and ventral (44) views. Patella dorsal (45), external (46) and ventral (47) views. Trochanter and femur dorsal (48) and ventral (49) views.

Figure 6 in A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000

Figure 6.Preserved specimen of Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000 from Buraco do Cão cave, Iraquara municipality, state of Bahia, Brazil (A) and live specimen of S. spinilacertus from Canoa Quebrada cave, municipality of Iraquara, state of Bahia, Brazil (B). Photograph: (A) Luciana B.R. Fernandes, (B) Adriano Gambarini.

Figure 4 in A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000

Figure 4. Spelaeogammarus ginae sp. nov., Gruna da Serra Verde cave, Serra do Ramalho, state of Bahia, Brazil. Paratype male, body length 11.31 mm; pleopod 1 (A); pleopod 2 (B); pleopod 3 (C); uropod 1 (D); uropod 2 (E); uropod 3 (F); telson (G). Scale bars: A–F = 1 mm; G = 200 μm. Specimens of Spelaeogammarus ginae sp. nov. were found (C); map indicating the state of Bahia, the Gruna da Serra Verde cave, and the land use and land cover of the area (D). Photographs: M.E. Bichuette.

Figure 2 in A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000

Figure 2. Spelaeogammarus ginae sp. nov., Gruna da Serra Verde cave, Serra do Ramalho, state of Bahia, Brazil. Paratype male, body length 11.31 mm; antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); upper lip (C); lower lip (D); maxilla 1 (E); maxilla 2 (F); left mandible (G); right mandible (H); maxilliped (I); simple setae, present in various structures, the last one is more common on the uropods (J); aesthetasc, from antenna 1 (K); multicuspidate seta, from maxilla 1 outer plate (L); plumose setae, from antenna 1, maxilla 1 inner plate, maxilla 2 inner plate, mandibles and maxilliped, maxilliped and gnathopods, pleopods (M); (stout) cuspidate setae with accessory seta, present in various structures, first one more common on gnathopods and last one from telson (N); bifid and trifid setae, from maxilliped inner ramus, mandibles palp, gnathopods and uropod 3, pleopod 7, maxilliped palp (O). Scale bars: A, B = 600 μm; C–I = 200 μm; J–O = enlarged setae to see details.

Figure 6. A in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 6. A, Karstic area surrounding Honorato cave; B, Honorato cave; C, Tapera D'água cave; D, Diploexochus spinatus sp. nov. from Honorato cave; E, Diploexochus spinatus sp. nov. from Tapera D'água cave.

Figure 2 in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 2. Lucas cave, Rurópolis, Pará State, Brazil. A, Surrounding area; B, main cave conduit; C, cave conduit; D, live specimen of Diploexochus echinatus in lateral view; E, live specimen of Diploexochus echinatus showing the ability to roll into a ball.

Figure 5 in A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000

Figure 5. Outcrops and pastures close to the Gruna da Serra Verde cave (A); cave gallery in the dry season (B) and detail of the small pool formed by the upper phreatic aquifer, where specimens of Spelaeogammarus ginae sp. nov. were found (C); map indicating the state of Bahia, the Gruna da Serra Verde cave, and the land use and land cover of the area (D). Photographs: M.E. Bichuette.

Figure 9 in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 9.Diploexochus obscurus sp. nov., male paratype. A, Pereopod 1; B, pereopod 7; C, pleopod 1 and genital papilla; D, pleopod 2; E, pleopod 3 exopod; F, pleopod 4 exopod. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

Figure 10. A in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 10. A, Karstic area surrounding Água Escura I cave; B, entrance of Água Escura I cave; C, conduit where the specimens were found; D, live specimen of Diploexochus obscurus sp. nov. in lateral view; E, live specimen of Diploexochus obscurus sp. nov. in dorsal view.

Figure 3 in A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000

Figure 3. Spelaeogammarus ginae sp. nov., Gruna da Serra Verde cave, Serra do Ramalho, state of Bahia, Brazil. Paratype male, body length 11.31 mm; gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars: A, B = 400 μm; C–G = 1 mm.

Figure 5 in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 5. Diploexochus spinatus sp. nov., male paratype. A, Pereopod 1; B, pereopod 7; C, pleopod 1 and genital papilla; D, pleopod 2; E, pleopod 3 exopod; F, pleopod 4 exopod; G, pleopod 5 exopod. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 7 in A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000

Figure 7. Lake formed by upper phreatic aquifer at Canoa Quebrada cave (A); small pool of upper phreatic aquifer at Lapa Doce System (B); distribution of Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000, indicating caves with records of the species showing the land use and land cover of the area (C). Caption: LD = Lapa Doce System, GU = Gruta da Umburana cave, LS = Gruta da Lagoa Seca cave, BC = Buraco do Cão cave, CQ = Canoa Quebrada cave, BS = Baixa do Salitre cave, and BJ = Jaburu cave. Photographs: (A) Adriano Gambarini, (B) Jonas E. Gallão.

Figure 7 in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 7.Diploexochus obscurus sp. nov., female paratype. A, Habitus, lateral view; B, cephalon and pereonite 1, frontal view; C, scale setae; D, antennula; E, uropod. Scale bars: A, B: 1 mm; C: 50µm; D: 100µm; E: 300µm.

Figure 8 in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 8. Diploexochus obscurus sp. nov., female paratype. A, Habitus, lateral view; B, disposition of dorsal tubercles; C, cephalon and pereonite 1, frontal view; D, cephalon and pereonite 1, dorsal view; E, epimera 1–4 ventral view; F, pleonites 3-5, uropods and telson, dorsal view. Male paratype: G, antenna; H, right mandible; I, left mandible; J, maxillula; K, maxilla; L, maxilliped. Scale bars: A: 1 mm; C–L: 0.2 mm.

Figure 3 in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 3. Diploexochus spinatus sp. nov., female paratype. A, Habitus, lateral view; B, cephalon and pereonite 1, frontal view; C, antennula; D, pereopod 7 dactylus; E, pleopod 1 exopod; F, pleopod 2 exopod; G, pleopod 3 exopod; H, pleopod 4 exopod; I, pleopod 5 exopod; J, uropod, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B: 1 mm; C, E: 100µm; F: 200µm; D, G–J: 500µm.

Figure 1. Diploexochus echinatus, female. A in Cave-dwellers Diploexochus (Isopoda, Armadillidae): new species and new records of the genus from Brazil

Figure 1. Diploexochus echinatus, female. A, Habitus, lateral view; B, epimera of pereonites 1-7, ventral view; C, cephalon and pereonite 1, dorsal view; D, pereonite 7, pleonites and telson, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 1 in A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000

Figure 1. Preserved (A) and live specimen (B) of Spelaeogammarus ginae sp. nov., Gruna da Serra Verde cave, Serra do Ramalho karst area, state of Bahia, Brazil. Photographs: (A) T. Zepon, (B) M.E. Bichuette.