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Figure 2 Opilioacarus baeticus n in A new species of the genusOpilioacarus With, 1902 (Acari: Opilioacarida) for the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 2 Opilioacarus baeticus n. sp.: A – Subcapitulum, female, ventral view; B – Subcapitulum, female, dorsal view; C – Subcapitulum, male, ventral view; D – Detail of notate subcapitular setae; E – Chelicera, female, antiaxial view; F – Chelicera, female, detail of distal region

Figure 4 Opilioacarus baeticus n in A new species of the genusOpilioacarus With, 1902 (Acari: Opilioacarida) for the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 4 Opilioacarus baeticus n. sp.: A – Female, sternigenital region; B – Male, sternigenital region; C – Detal of sternal and genital setae; D – Detail of ovipositor; E – Detail of no palmate coxal setae; F – Preanal segment and anal valves, dorsal view; G – Preanal segment and anal valves, ventral view.

Figure 9 Opilioacarus baeticus n in A new species of the genusOpilioacarus With, 1902 (Acari: Opilioacarida) for the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 9 Opilioacarus baeticus n. sp., female, right legs: A – Femur II, posterolateral view; B – Femur III, posterolateral view; C – Femur IV, dorsallateral view; D – Prefemur III, posterolateral view; E – Prefemur IV, posterolateral view.

Figure 6 Opilioacarus baeticus n in A new species of the genusOpilioacarus With, 1902 (Acari: Opilioacarida) for the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 6 Opilioacarus baeticus n. sp.: A – Tibia I, posterolateral view; B – Tibia I, anterolateral view; C – Pretibia I, posterolateral view; D – Genua I, dorsolateral view; E – Femur I, dorsal view; F – Trochanter and prefemur I, posterolateral view; G – Detail of papillate setae.

Figure 3 Opilioacarus baeticus n in A new species of the genusOpilioacarus With, 1902 (Acari: Opilioacarida) for the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 3 Opilioacarus baeticus n. sp.: A – Palptarsus, female, dorsal view; B – Palptarsus, female, ventral view; C – Palptarsus, female, anterolateral view; D – Palptarsus, female, posterolateral view; E – Detail of notate palp tarsal setae; F – Palptibia, female, lateral view; G –Ventral view; H –Palptibia, dorsal view; I – Palpgenua, dorsal view; J – Palpgenua, ventral view; K – Detail of palmate seta (p) in different views and serrate setae (r) on palps; L – Palptrochanter and femur, lateral view. Black circles refer to setae inserted on posterior side of the segment.

Figure 8 in The Iberian Peninsula: ancient history of a hot spot of mite harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Sironidae) diversity

Figure 8. Paramiopsalis eduardoi sp. nov., confocal laser scanning micrograph of the spermatopositor of a male paratype, dorsal view. Total length is 180 Mm.

Figure 5 in The Iberian Peninsula: ancient history of a hot spot of mite harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Sironidae) diversity

Figure 5. Paramiopsalis eduardoi sp. nov., scanning electron microgarphs of a male paratype. A, ventral view of whole body. B, ozophore. C, prosomal ventral complex. D, anal region. E, spiracle.

Figure 4 in The Iberian Peninsula: ancient history of a hot spot of mite harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Sironidae) diversity

Figure 4. Paramiopsalis eduardoi sp. nov., paratype female. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 9 in The Iberian Peninsula: ancient history of a hot spot of mite harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Sironidae) diversity

Figure 9. Phylogeny of selected members of the family Sironidae, based on the combined analysis of 18S, 28S, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), and 16S under direct optimization and equal weighting. The support values on branches indicate the jackknife frequencies. Each weighting scheme is assigned a code corresponding to the ratio of indel/transversion, transversion/transition, and transition values. Tree lengths for the different parameter sets are as follows: 111, 2914; 121, 4585; 211, 3228; 3221, 6168. Black squares indicate monophyly; grey squares indicate that either the group is paraphyletic or the internal relationships are different.

Figure 7 in The Iberian Peninsula: ancient history of a hot spot of mite harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Sironidae) diversity

Figure 7. Paramiopsalis eduardoi sp. nov., scanning electron microgarphs of the legs of a male paratype. A, metatarsus and tarsus I. B, tarsal claw I. C, metatarsus and tarsus II. D, tarsal claw II. E, metatarsus and tarsus III. F, tarsal claw III. G, metatarsus and tarsus IV. H, detail of the adenostyle. I, tarsal claw IV.

Figure 2. Parasiro coiffaiti Juberthie, 1956, lectotype male. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C in The Iberian Peninsula: ancient history of a hot spot of mite harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Sironidae) diversity

Figure 2. Parasiro coiffaiti Juberthie, 1956, lectotype male. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 3 in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 3. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree for some representatives of the Western brook newts (log likelihood −955.08162, HKY + G model of sequence evolution) inferred from a reduced dataset, which included 354 bp of cytb mtDNA. Bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities for particular nodes are shown in the boxes with the figures indicating the percentage support for different analyses. Upper left, bootstrap support derived by ML (HKY + G). Upper right, posterior probability values from the Bayesian analysis (HKY + G). Lower left, maximum parsimony (MP) bootstrap support derived by MP (ts = 1; tv = 1). Lower right, bootstrap support derived by MP (ts = 1; tv = 6). When the difference between the four support values was <5%, only the average value is shown. Numbers in square brackets refer to localities shown in Fig. 1 and listed in Table 1.

Figure 7 in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 7. Plot of first and second canonical variables for male Western brook newts. Filled squares indicate specimens from the El Montseny massif and filled circles the remaining specimens analysed.

Figure 10. A in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 10. A, female Calotriton arnoldi sp. nov. from population A2 with uniform chocolate coloration. B, male specimen of C. arnoldi from population A2 showing several yellowish blotches on the sides of the tail and body. C, close up of same female as in A. D, female C. arnoldi from population B2 showing the typical uniform chocolate coloration of this population. E, larvae of C. arnoldi from population B1. F, same female as in A in ventral view. G–H, juvenile of C. arnoldi from population A2 with several yellowish blotches on the sides of the tail and body (note the absence of the vertebral line that is typical of C. asper). I–J, details of the female cloaca of the same specimen as in A. K–L, detail of the female cloaca of a living specimen of C. asper from Berga, Spain (K) and Ordesa, Spain (L).

Figure 2 in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 2. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree for some representatives of the Salamandridae (log likelihood −6882.66489, GTR + I + G model of sequence evolution) inferred from the combined dataset, which included cytb, 12S and 16S mtDNA sequences. Bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities for particular nodes are shown in the boxes with the figures indicating the percentage support for different analyses. Upper left, bootstrap support derived by ML (GTR + I + G). Upper right, posterior probability values from the Bayesian analysis (GTR + I + G). Lower left, maximum parsimony (MP) bootstrap support derived by MP (ts = 1; tv = 1). Lower right, bootstrap support derived by MP (ts = 1; tv = 4 and cytb 3rd codon ts = 0). When the difference between the four support values was <5%, only the average value is shown. The '<' symbol is used to show that the bootstrap/posterior probability value for that node is lower than 50% and the '–' symbol indicates that a particular node is never recovered when using this method. Estimated ages are given for some bifurcations, which are marked by filled circles. Numbers in square brackets refer to localities shown in Fig. 1 and listed in Table 1.

Figure 1 in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 1. Map showing the distribution range of the Thyrrenian brook newts and the Western brook newts (shadowed areas). Numbers refer to the following localities: 1, El Montseny. 2, Irati. 3, Vidrà. 4, Xixarella. 5, Vall d'en Bac. 6, Collada de Tosses. 7, Font de l'Ús. 8, Berga. 9, Ordesa. 10, Monrepos. 11, Susqueda. 12, Vilanova de Meià, 13 Corsica. 14, Sardinia. Additional data are given in Table 1.

Figure 8 in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 8. Plot of first and second canonical variables for female Western brook newts. Filled squares indicate specimens from the El Montseny massif and filled circles the remaining specimens analysed.

Figure 5 in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 5. Scatter plot of principal component scores for the first three principal axes of the principal component analysis of male Western brook newts. Filled squares indicate specimens from the El Montseny massif and open circles the remaining specimens analysed.

Figure 9. A in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 9. A, detail of a hind leg of a male Euproctus platycephalus showing the spur (s) that characterizes the Tyrrhenian brook newts. B, detail of hind leg of a male E. montanus showing the spur (s). C, detail of a male cloaca of E. platycephalus; the spur on the right hind leg is also visible. D, detail of a male cloaca of E. montanus showing the pseudopenis (pp) and the spur. E, detail of a female cloaca of E. platycephalus. F, detail of a female cloaca of E. montanus.

Figure 4. X in Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula

Figure 4. X-ray images of several species of newts and pictures of two clear-stained specimens showing a close-up of the caudosacral and caudal vertebrae. Numbers from 1 to 4 correspond to the first caudosacral vertebrae. A, Calotriton arnoldi sp. nov. female from El Montseny (MZB2004-0188). B, C. arnoldi male from El Montseny (MZB 82–8789). C, C. arnoldi male from El Montseny (MZB2004-0187). D, C. arnoldi male from El Montseny (MZB 82-8784). E, C. arnoldi female from El Montseny (MZB2004-0189). F, C. asper male from Baños de Benasque, Huesca, Spain (BMNH, 1970.2448). G, C. asper male from Torrent de Castelmouly, near Bagnères de Bigorre, France (BMNH, 1928.11.18-22). H, C. asper male from Pla de l'Estany, northern slope of the Maladeta, Spain (BMNH, 1928.11.22.13-14). I, C. asper female from Lac d'Oncet, French Pyrenees (BMNH, 1920.1.20.20). J, Euproctus montanus male (BMNH 82.11.15.50-55). K, E. platycephalus male (BMNH, 1947.1.4.4.x6). L, Neurergus kaisseri male (paratype – BMNH, 1952.4.2.85). M, Triturus marmoratus male (BMNH 86.6.29.52-56). N, T. cristatus male (BMNH, 1950.1.4.81-82). O, T. karelinii male (BMNH 96.3.28.18-19). P, ventral view of the caudosacral and caudal vertebrae of a clear-stained male of C. asper from Berga (locality 8 in Fig. 1). Q, dorsal view of the same C. asper specimen as in P. R, ventral view of male from Bergo. S, dorsal view of C. arnoldi from population B1 (locality 1 in Fig. 1).