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Fig. 3 in Dimorphism in Late Cretaceous ammonites- evidence from early Turonian ammonite faunas of the Briessnitz Formation in Saxony, Germany

Fig. 3. Photographic illustration of typical large (A) and small (B) specimens of the pachydiscid ammonoid Lewesiceras peramplum (Mantell, 1822) from the lower Turonian of the Briessnitz Formation, Dresden, Germany. A. MMG: SaK 5163 from Leubnitz, in lateral (A1) and ventral (A2) views. B. MMG: SaK 5343 from Leutewitz, in lateral (B1, B4), apertural (B2), and ventral (B3) views.

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Fig. 8 in Dimorphism in Late Cretaceous ammonites- evidence from early Turonian ammonite faunas of the Briessnitz Formation in Saxony, Germany

Fig. 8. Statistical test of potential dimorphism in Spathites (Jeanrogericeras) reveliereanus (Courtiller, 1860) based on 38 specimens. The repository number of each specimen is given on top of the diagram. A. Classical clustering; inferred macro- and microconchs are marked by blue and red colors, respectively. B. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA); the color code follows the assignment of the classical clustering above. The dark blue lines are biplots of all variables, an overlaying of a score plot and a loadings plot in a single graph, which enables to visualise high-dimensional data by using a two-dimensional graph.

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Fig. 5 in A new gigantic titanosaurian sauropod from the early Late Cretaceous of Patagonia (Neuquén Province, Argentina)

Fig. 5. Forelimb bones of the titanosaurian sauropod Bustingorrytitan shiva gen. et sp. nov. from "Bustingorry II" site, Neuquén Province, Argentina, upper Cenomanian. A. Left coracoid (holotype, MMCH-Pv 59/13) in lateral view. B. Left scapula (holotype, MMCH-Pv 59/11) in lateral view. C. Left humerus (holotype, MMCH-Pv 59/21) in proximal (C1), anterior (C2), and distal (C3) views. D. Right radius (holotype, MMCH-Pv 59/22) in posterior view. E. Left sternal plate (holotype, MMCH-Pv 59/15) in dorsal view. F. Articulated metacarpals I–V (holotype, MMCH-Pv 59/25–29) in proximal F1), anterior (F2) and distal (F3) views. G. Right ulna (holotype, MMCH-Pv 59/23) in medial (G1) and proximal (G2) views. Abbreviations: cf, coracoid foramen; gas, glenoid articular surface; igl, infraglenoid lip; I–V, metacarpals. Scale bars 200 mm.

Fig. 6 in New Late Cretaceous microvertebrate assemblage from the Campanian-Maastrichtian Williams Fork Formation, northwestern Colorado, USA, and its paleoenvironmental implications

Fig. 6. Representative reptile (A–C, E) and amphibian (D) teeth from the J&M site, Colorado, USA, Williams Fork Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous. A–C. cf. Brachychampsa sp. A. MWC 9577, gracile morph tooth crown in lateral (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. MWC 9578, robust morph tooth crown in lateral (B1) and occlusal (B2) views. C. MWC 9579, robust morph tooth crown in lateral (C1) and occlusal (C2) views. D. Tetrapoda indet., MWC 8877, jaw fragment with teeth in lateral (D1) and occlusal (D2) views. E. Peneteius sp., MWC 8871, tooth crown with root in mesial (E1), lateral (E2), and occlusal (E3) views.

Fig. 8. Representative mammalian teeth from the J&M in New Late Cretaceous microvertebrate assemblage from the Campanian-Maastrichtian Williams Fork Formation, northwestern Colorado, USA, and its paleoenvironmental implications

Fig. 8. Representative mammalian teeth from the J&M site, Colorado, USA, Williams Fork Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous. A. Meniscoessus sp., MWC 8848, incisor crown in labial (A1) and lingual (A1) views. B. Multituberculata indet., MWC 8863, tooth crown in occlusal (B1), lingual (B2), and distal (B3) views. C. cf. Cimolodon nitidus Marsh, 1889, MWC 8860, left p4 tooth crown in occlusal (C1), labial (C2), and lingual (C3) views. D.?Leptalestes cooki (Clemens, 1966), MWC 8859, tooth crown in occlusal (D1), labial (D2), and lingual (D3) views.

Fig. 3. Representative non-batoid chondrichthyans from the J&M in New Late Cretaceous microvertebrate assemblage from the Campanian-Maastrichtian Williams Fork Formation, northwestern Colorado, USA, and its paleoenvironmental implications

Fig. 3. Representative non-batoid chondrichthyans from the J&M site, Colorado, USA, Williams Fork Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous. A–D. Lonchidion griffisi Case, 1987. A. MWC 8851, tooth crown in labial (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. MWC 9580, fragmentary tooth crown in labial (B1) and occlusal (B2) views. C. MWC 9581, fragmentary tooth crown in lingual (C1), labial (C2), and occlusal (C3) views. D. MWC 9582, fragmentary tooth crown in labial (D1) and occlusal (D2) views. E, F. Cantioscyllium markaguntensis Kirkland, Eaton, and Brinkman, 2013. E. MWC 8866, tooth crown in labial (E1) and occlusal (E2) views. F. MWC 9586, tooth crown in labial (F1) and lingual (F2) views. G, H. cf. Chilloscyllium sp. G. MWC 8850, morph 1 tooth crown in mesial (G1) and labial (G2) views. H. MWC 9576, morph 2 tooth crown in mesial (H1) and labial (H2) views. I . Hybodontoidea gen. et sp. indet., MWC 9800, dorsal fin spine in lateral view.

Fig. 5. Representative osteichthyan teeth from the J&M in New Late Cretaceous microvertebrate assemblage from the Campanian-Maastrichtian Williams Fork Formation, northwestern Colorado, USA, and its paleoenvironmental implications

Fig. 5. Representative osteichthyan teeth from the J&M site, Colorado, USA, Williams Fork Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous. A, E. Paralbula casei Estes, 1969b. A. MWC 8855, tooth crown in occlusal (A1), basal (A2), and mesial (A3) views. E. MWC 8856, tooth crown in occlusal view. B. cf. Melvius sp., MWC 8867, tooth crown in labial view. C. Pycnodontiformes gen. et sp. indet., MWC 8873, tooth plate fragment in occlusal (C) view. D. Actinopterygii indet., MWC 8867, tooth crown in lateral (D) view. F. Dipnoi indet., MWC 8885, toothplate fragment in lateral view.

Fig. 7. Representative theropod dinosaur teeth from the J&M in New Late Cretaceous microvertebrate assemblage from the Campanian-Maastrichtian Williams Fork Formation, northwestern Colorado, USA, and its paleoenvironmental implications

Fig. 7. Representative theropod dinosaur teeth from the J&M site, Colorado, USA, Williams Fork Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous. A. cf. Richardoestesia sp., MWC 8865, tooth crown in labial view (A1), mesial (A2) and distal (A3) serration detail views. B. Dromaeosauridae indet., MWC 8872, tooth crown fragment in lingual (B1), distal (B2) and mesial (B3) serration detail views. C. Hadrosauridae indet., MWC 8896, tooth crown in occlusal (C1) and lateral (C2) views.

Fig. 1 in New Late Cretaceous microvertebrate assemblage from the Campanian-Maastrichtian Williams Fork Formation, northwestern Colorado, USA, and its paleoenvironmental implications

Fig. 1. Index maps showing the location of the J&M site in northwestern Colorado. A. Shaded relief map of the western United States highlighting Colorado. B. The position of the study area in northwestern Colorado. C. Digital elevation model of the study area, star denotes location of the J&M site. Precise locality data on file at MWC (see text).

Fig. 6. A in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 6. A. Strict consensus tree of 100 most parsimonious trees (CI = 0.238; RI = 0.538; L = 1089) recovered in the cladistic analysis of the dentition-based data matrix with an unconstrained search. B. Strict consensus tree of 100 most parsimonious trees (CI = 0.238; RI = 0.609; L = 669) recovered in the cladistic analysis of the tooth-crown-based data matrix.

Fig. 7 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 7. Results of the discriminant analysis performed at the "group"-level on the whole dataset along the first two canonical axes of maximum discrimination in the dataset with personal measurements of CH (A) and teeth larger than two centimeters (B). A. For 400 teeth belonging to 46 theropod taxa and 12 groupings (PC1 and PC2 account for 38.08% and 30.78% of the total variance, respectively). B. For 725 teeth belonging to 53 theropod taxa and 13 groupings (PC1 and PC2 account for 47.39% and 27.61% of the total variance, respectively). Abbreviations: AL, apical length; CBL, crown base; CBW, crown base width; CH, crown height; MCL, mid crown length; MCW, mid-crown width; MSL, mesial serrated carina length.

Fig. 4 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 4. Abelisaurid tooth of Morphotype III (IIPG-06) from "Dino 1" site (S 39°08'; W 67°40'), Paso Córdoba locality, 14 km southwest of the town of General Roca, Río Negro Province; Allen Formation (middle Campanian–early Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous); in labial (A1), lingual (A2), mesial (A3), distal (A4), apical (A5), and basal (A6) views; detail of the distal denticles at the apical three-fourths of the crown height (A7).

Fig. 3 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 3. Abelisaurid tooth of Morphotype II (IIPG-09) from "Dino 1" site S 39°08'; W 67°40'), Paso Córdoba locality, 14 km southwest of the town of General Roca, Río Negro Province; Allen Formation (middle Campanian–early Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous); in labial (A1), lingual A2), mesial (A3), distal (A4), apical (A5), and basal (A6) views; detail of the crown apex (A7).

Fig. 1 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 1. Location maps of the study area within the Neuquén Basin (A, B). Geological map indicating the different units recognized in Paso Córdoba (Argentina), star marks collecting of specimens (C). Field photos of the excavation of specimens (D, E).

Fig. 3 in A new late-surviving early diverging Ibero-Armorican duck-billed dinosaur and the role of the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago in hadrosauroid biogeography

Fig. 3. Distribution of the ratio between the maximum width of the dorsal region of the coronoid process (C) and the length of the dental battery D) in a sample of hadrosauroid dinosaurs. Taxon abbreviations: Ac, Acristavus gagslarsoni; Am, Amurosaurus riabinini; Ar, Aralosaurus tuberiferus; Ay, Arenysaurus ardevoli; Ba, Bactrosaurus johnsoni; Bl, Blasisaurus canudoi; Br, Brachylophosaurus canadensis; cfCo, cf. Corythosaurus sp.; Ch, Charonosaurus jiayinensis; Co, Corythosaurus sp.; Eda, Edmontosaurus annectens; Edr, Edmontosaurus regalis; Eot, Eotrachodon orientalis; Ft, Fylax thyrakolasus; Gra,?Gryposaurus alsatei; Grl, Gryposaurus latidens; Hya, Hypacrosaurus altispinus; Hys, H. stebingeri; Krn, Kritosaurus navajovius; Lml, Lambeosaurus lambei; Ma, Maiasaura peeblesorum; Pat, Parasaurolophus tubicen; Pbr, Probrachylophosaurus bergei; Pl, Plesiohadros djadokhtaensis; Pn, Penelopognathus weishampeli; Pr, Prosaurolophus maximus; Pt, Protohadros byrdi; Saa, Saurolophus angustirostris; Sao, Saurolophus osborni; Te, Telmatosaurus transsylvanicus; Ts, Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus; Vel, Velafrons coahuilensis. Silhouettes were downloaded from http:// phylopic.org and drawn by Pete Buchholz (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), Scott Hartman (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-sa/3.0/) and Craig Dylke (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).

Fig. 4 in A new late-surviving early diverging Ibero-Armorican duck-billed dinosaur and the role of the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago in hadrosauroid biogeography

Fig. 4. Time calibrated cladogram based on the strict consensus tree (unresolved branches in the consensus are within saurolophine and lambeosaurine hadrosaurids, only shown in the SOM 5) resulting from the parsimony analysis of 67 hadrosauroid taxa, showing the position of IPS-36338. Ancestral areas are reconstructed for each clade of the phylogram, with maximum likelihood proportions indicated by the pie charts. Colors represent the various areas considered in the maximum likelihood ancestral state reconstruction analysis. The global paleogeographic map corresponds to the late Campanian (75–73.8 Ma) and is based on Scotese (2014), except the paleogeographic configuration of the European Archipelago, which is based on the greater detailed offered by Csiki et al. (2015: fig. 3). Geochronological ages are from Walker et al. (2018). The Pyrenean-Provençal Landmass presented in the figure will become part of the Ibero-Armorican Island in the Maastrichtian. Abbreviations: Con, Coniacian; Maast, Maastrichtian; San, Santonian; Tur, Turonian.

Fig. 2 in A new late-surviving early diverging Ibero-Armorican duck-billed dinosaur and the role of the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago in hadrosauroid biogeography

Fig. 2. Dentary of the hadrosauroid dinosaur Fylax thyrakolasus gen. et sp. nov. (IPS-36338, holotype) from the uppermost Maastrichtian Fontllonga-R locality; in posterior (A1), medial (A2), dorsal (A4), anterior (A5), lateral (A6), and ventral (A7) views. A detailed lingual view of the tooth crowns appears in A3.

Fig. 1 in A new late-surviving early diverging Ibero-Armorican duck-billed dinosaur and the role of the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago in hadrosauroid biogeography

Fig. 1. Geographic location and stratigraphic position of Fontllonga-R, the type locality of Fylax thyrakolasus gen. et sp. nov. A. Simplified map showing the location of the Àger syncline in northeastern Spain. B. Geological map of the Àger syncline and adjacent areas displaying the location of the Fontllonga-R locality (asterisk), near the eponymous town. C. Stratigraphic section of the Fontllonga Formation cropping out at the Fontllonga-R locality, showing the position of the holotype dentary IPS-36338 (modified from Fondevilla et al. 2019).

Fig. 8 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 8. One of the paleoecological interpretations of the Paso Córdoba site. Theropods scavenging the carcass of a sauropod. Artwork by Jorge González, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina.

Fig. 5 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 5. Strict consensus tree of two most parsimonious trees (CI = 0.198; RI = 0.457; L = 1314) recovered in the cladistic analysis of the dentition-based data matrix with constrained search and setting the three morphotypes as floating terminals.