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FIGURES 14–17 in A new Roncus species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) from Montseny Natural Park (Catalonia, Spain), with remarks on karyology

FIGURES 14–17. Roncus montsenyensis sp. nov., male paratype. SEM photographs. 14. right palp, dorsal view; 15. fingers of the right chela, partial dorsal view; 16. left chela, lateral-external view; 17. chelal microsetae pattern below trichobothria eb and esb (some setae distorted due to movement during scanning). Scale bars in mm.

FIGURES 18–21 in A new Roncus species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) from Montseny Natural Park (Catalonia, Spain), with remarks on karyology

FIGURES 18–21. Giemsa stained chromosomes of Roncus montsenyensis and R. cadinensis. 18. karyogram of R. montsenyensis; 19. early metaphase I of R. montsenyensis showing five bivalents with two chiasmata, the sex chromosomes pair by terminal chiasma (arrow); 20. the sex chromosomes of R. montsenyensis pair by subterminal chiasma (arrow); 21. late metaphase I of R. montsenyensis without pairing of the sex chromosomes; 22. metaphase I of R. cadinensis. Arrowheads indicate sex chromosomes; asterisks indicate non-pairing part of chromatids at the end of one sex chromosome. Scale bar: 10 μm.

FIGURE 1 in A new Roncus species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) from Montseny Natural Park (Catalonia, Spain), with remarks on karyology

FIGURE 1. Maps showing location of the locus typicus (red star) of Roncus montsenyensis sp. nov., with a photograph of the beech forest where samples were collected.

FIGURES 2–7 in A new Roncus species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) from Montseny Natural Park (Catalonia, Spain), with remarks on karyology

FIGURES 2–7. Roncus montsenyensis sp. nov., male holotype. 2. carapace; 3. anterior margin of carapace, showing epistome; 4. left chelicera; 5. Partial view of fingers of left chelicera; 6. distal end of tarsus and apotele of left leg IV, lateral view; 7. left IV, TS: tactile seta. Scale bars (mm): 0.05 (figs 3, 5, 6), 0.10 (fig. 4), 0.20 (figs 2, 7).

FIGURES 8–13 in A new Roncus species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) from Montseny Natural Park (Catalonia, Spain), with remarks on karyology

FIGURES 8–13. Roncus montsenyensis sp. nov., male holotype. 8. right chela; 9. dorsal view of right palp, without chela; 10. lateral view of right chela, gp: glandular pore; 11. tips of fixed and movable fingers of right chela, lateral view; 12. chelal microsetae pattern below trichobothria eb/esb; 13. Anterior and medial processes of coxa I. Scale bars (mm): 0.05 (figs 11,12, 13), 0.20 (figs 8, 9, 10).

FIGURES 26–32 in Arcanobisium, a remarkable new genus, representing a new subfamily with a relictual distribution from eastern Spain (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Syarinidae)

FIGURES 26–32. Morphological details of Syarinidae. 26. Hadoblothrus gigas (Caporiacco, 1951), male, tip of fixed finger of left chela, antiaxial view. 27. H. gigas, male, tip of movable finger of left chela, lateral-paraxial view. 28. Pseudoblothrus roszkovskii (Redikorzev, 1918), male, gland openings area sternite VI. 29. Syarinus strandi (Ellingsen, 1901), female, apex pedipalpal lobe; 31. S. strandi, female, partial view of fingers left chelicera. 30. Syarinus obscurus (Banks, 1893), male, apex pedipalpal lobe. 32. S. strandi, female, partial view of fingers right chelicera. Scale bars (mm): 0.10 (Figs 26–28, 31–32), 0.20 (Figs 29–30).

FIGURES 4–12 in Arcanobisium, a remarkable new genus, representing a new subfamily with a relictual distribution from eastern Spain (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Syarinidae)

FIGURES 4–12. Arcanobisium comasi sp. nov., male holotype. 4. carapace; 5. anterior margin of carapace, showing epistome; 6. right chelicera; 7. partial view of fingers of right chelicera; 8. cheliceral rallum; 9. right leg I, lateral view; 10. right leg IV, lateral view; 11. distal end of tarsus and apotele of right leg IV, lateral view; 12. subterminal seta of tarsus right leg IV, partial view. Abbreviations: P glandular pore; TS tactile seta. Scale bars (mm): 0.01 (Fig. 12), 0.05 (Fig. 5, 7, 8, 11), 0.10 (Fig. 6), 0.20 (Fig. 4, 9, 10).

FIGURES 2–3 in Arcanobisium, a remarkable new genus, representing a new subfamily with a relictual distribution from eastern Spain (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Syarinidae)

FIGURES 2–3. Arcanobisium comasi sp. nov., male holotype. 2. habitus, dorsal view; 3. habitus, ventral view.

FIGURE 1 in Arcanobisium, a remarkable new genus, representing a new subfamily with a relictual distribution from eastern Spain (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Syarinidae)

FIGURE 1. Map showing location of the type locality of Arcanobisium comasi sp. nov., the cave Avenc d'en Serenge in Castellón province, Valencian Community, Spain.

FIGURES 19–25 in Arcanobisium, a remarkable new genus, representing a new subfamily with a relictual distribution from eastern Spain (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Syarinidae)

FIGURES 19–25. Arcanobisium comasi sp. nov., male holotype. 19. coxae of pedipalp and leg I; 20. genital sternites, ventral; 21. genitalia, ventral; 22. stigmata of sternites III and IV; 23. tergites-sternites VIII–XII, posterior view, drawing in perspective, entire setae only illustrated in sternites X–XI; 24. tergites-sternites VIII–XII, lateral view; 25. habitus, lateral view; pedipalps, legs and one chelicera omitted. Abbreviations: I–XII segments I–XII of opisthosoma. Scale bars (mm): 0.05 (Fig. 21), 0.10 (Figs 20, 22, 24, 25), 0.20 (Figs 19, 23).

FIGURES 13–18 in Arcanobisium, a remarkable new genus, representing a new subfamily with a relictual distribution from eastern Spain (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Syarinidae)

FIGURES 13–18. Arcanobisium comasi sp. nov., male holotype. 13. right pedipalp, without chela, dorsal view; 14. right chela, dorsal view; 15. right chela, antiaxial view; 16. tips of fixed and movable finger of right chela, antiaxial view; 17. tips of fixed and movable finger of right chela, dorsal view; 18. trichobothrium t. Abbreviations: af? pore or sensillum; pc doubled pore sensillum (other abbreviations correspond to trichobothria). Scale bars (mm): 0.05 (Fig. 18), 0.10 (Figs 16–17), 0.20 (Figs 13–15).

FIGURES 24–27 in Titanobochica, surprising discovery of a new cave-dwelling genus from southern Portugal (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae)

FIGURES 24–27. Titanobochica magna gen. nov., sp. nov., male paratype from Gruta do Vale Telheiro. SEM images. 24. carapace; 25. opisthosoma, tergite VII partially teratological; 26. chelicerae; 27. distal portion of fingers of left chelicera. Scale bars (mm): 0.12 (Fig. 27), 0.30 (Fig 26), 1.00 (Figs 24, 25).

FIGURE 2 in Titanobochica, surprising discovery of a new cave-dwelling genus from southern Portugal (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae)

FIGURE 2. Titanobochica magna gen. nov., sp. nov., general appearance of living specimen from Algarão do Remexido.

FIGURES 28–31 in Titanobochica, surprising discovery of a new cave-dwelling genus from southern Portugal (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae)

FIGURES 28–31. Titanobochica magna gen. nov., sp. nov., male paratype from Gruta do Vale Telheiro. SEM images. 28. fingers of the left chela, dorsal view, A: glandular pore magnified; 29. tip of the chelal movable finger, with venedens, A: magnification of a tooth; 30. right chelal hand, partial dorsal view; 31. leg IV, detail of claws and subterminal feathery setae. Scale bars (mm): 0.009 (Fig. 28A), 0.01 (Fig. 29A), 0.075 (Figs 29, 31), 0.75 (Fig. 30), 1.00 (Fig. 28).

FIGURES 3–12 in Titanobochica, surprising discovery of a new cave-dwelling genus from southern Portugal (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae)

FIGURES 3–12. Titanobochica magna gen. nov., sp. nov., male holotype, unless otherwise noted. 3. carapace; 4. anterior margin of carapace; 5. right chelicera; 6. distal portion of fingers of right chelicera; 7. cheliceral rallum; 8. left leg I, lateral view; 9. left leg IV, lateral view; 10. distal portion of tarsus and apotele of left leg IV, lateral view. Deutonymph paratype: 11. metatarsus and tarsus of right leg I, lateral view; 12. tarsus of left leg IV, lateral view, tritonymph paratype. Scale bars (mm): 0.10 (Fig. 7), 0.20 (Figs 6, 10); 0.25 (Fig. 5), 0.50 (Figs 3, 4, 11, 12), 1.00 (Figs 8, 9). Abbreviations: ga: cheliceral galea.

FIGURE 1. A in Titanobochica, surprising discovery of a new cave-dwelling genus from southern Portugal (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae)

FIGURE 1. A. Worldwide distribution of the family Bochicidae by countries or states. B. Locations of the family Bochicidae in the Iberian peninsula. C. Location of the caves inhabited by Titanobochica magna gen. nov., sp. nov. in Algarve province, Portugal: 1. Ibne Ammar, 2. Remexido, 3. Vale Telheiro, 4. Senhora.

FIGURES 13–17 in Titanobochica, surprising discovery of a new cave-dwelling genus from southern Portugal (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae)

FIGURES 13–17. Titanobochica magna gen. nov., sp. nov., male holotype. 13. left pedipalp, dorsal view; 14. left chela, antiaxial view, some teeth magnified; 15. tip of fixed finger of left chela, ventral view; 16. tip of fixed finger of left chela, antiaxial view; 17. tip of movable finger of left chela, antiaxial view. Scale bars (mm): 0.20 (Figs 15–17), 1.00 (Figs 13, 14). Abbreviations: trichobothrial terminology following Chamberlin (1931); cs: chemosensory setae; nr: nodus ramosus.

FIGURES 18–23 in Titanobochica, surprising discovery of a new cave-dwelling genus from southern Portugal (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae)

FIGURES 18–23. Titanobochica magna gen. nov., sp. nov., male holotype. 18. coxae of pedipalp and leg I; 19. genital sternites, ventral; 20. left stigma of sternite III; 21. left stigma of sternite IV; 22. sternites II–VII, ventral view; 23. tergites I–VII, dorsal view. Scale bars (mm): 0.20 (Figs 19– 21), 0.50 (Figs 18, 22, 23).

FIGURES 1–3. Bisetocreagris cheni new species, holotype male. 1 in A new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Bisetocreagris from China (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae)

FIGURES 1–3. Bisetocreagris cheni new species, holotype male. 1, habitus, dorsal view; 2, anterior margin of carapace; 3, genital area. Scale lines: 1 mm (Fig. 1); 0.1mm (Figs. 2–3).

FIGURES 4–13. Bisetocreagris cheni new species, holotype male. 4 in A new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Bisetocreagris from China (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae)

FIGURES 4–13. Bisetocreagris cheni new species, holotype male. 4, right pedipalpal, dorsal view; 5, mesal view of right chela; 6, lateral view of right chelal fingers; 7, tip of fixed chelal finger; 8, tip of movable chelal finger; 9, right chelicera, dorsal view; 10, galea; 11, rallum; 12, telotarsus IV; 13, subterminal seta. Scale lines: 1 mm (Figs. 4–5); 0.5mm (Figs. 6, 9, 12); 0.1mm (Figs. 7–8); 0.05mm (Figs. 10–11, 13).