Find research datasets worth reusing

opennotspecifiedAug 2022View details →

Figure 7 in Proboscis sensory cells in Nemertea: comparative morphology and phylogenetic implications

Figure 7. Transmission electron micrographs of proboscidial monociliated sensory cells of pilidiophoran species. A, Lineus sanguineus, panoramic view showing the basal part of the glandular proboscis epithelium with sensory cells (asterisks). A high-magnification inset shows the contact between the axon of the sensory cell (asterisk) and the basiepithelial nerve plexus (np). B, Hubrechtella juliae, transverse section through a group of sensory cells (asterisks). Arrowhead points to axial rootlets. C, Hu. juliae, transverse section of the receptor process of a sensory cell. D, Hu. juliae, a transverse section of the proximal (black arrowhead) and distal (white arrowhead) regions of the receptor processes of sensory cells. E, Hu. juliae, a transverse section of the middle (black arrowhead) and distal (white arrowhead) regions of the receptor processes of sensory cells. F, Hu. juliae, a transverse section of a dendrite with fanned axial rootlets (arrowheads). G, Hu. juliae, high magnification of a longitudinal section of a dendrite. The filament bundles (white arrowhead) of the microvilli extend into

opennotspecifiedAug 2022View details →

Figure 5 in Proboscis sensory cells in Nemertea: comparative morphology and phylogenetic implications

Figure 5. Transmission electron micrographs of proboscis monociliated sensory cells of palaeonemerteans. A, Cephalothrix cf. rufifrons, transverse section of the receptor processes of sensory cells (asterisks). Microvilli reaches the base of the bulblike structure of the cilium (black arrowhead). White arrowheads point to axial rootlets. A high magnification inset shows the filament bundles of the microvillus terminated on axial rootlets. B, Cep. cf. rufifrons, transverse section of the receptor processes of sensory cells. C, Cephalothrix cf. rufifrons, longitudinal section through the globular ciliary tip of a sensory cell. D, Cephalothrix cf. simula, longitudinal section through a group of sensory cells (asterisks). E, Cephalothrix cf. simula, transverse section of the receptor processes with six (black arrowhead) and seven (white arrowheads) microvilli. F, Cephalothrix filiformis sensu Iwata, longitudinal section through a group of sensory cells (asterisks). A high magnification inset on the bottom right shows the septate junction. A high magnification inset on the top right shows a ciliary basal plate (arrowhead) located between the axoneme and centriole. G, Cep. filiformis sensu Iwata, transverse section of the receptor processes with six (black

opennotspecifiedAug 2022View details →

Figure 13 in Proboscis sensory cells in Nemertea: comparative morphology and phylogenetic implications

Figure 13. Phylogenetic tree of Nemertea with some synapomorphies and autapomorphies (rectangles) (phylogeny modified from Andrade et al., 2014; Kvist et al., 2015; Chernyshev and Polyakova, 2019) with schemas of the collar and ciliary apparatus of monociliated sensory cells. Synapomorphies and autapomorphies are indicated as follows: 1, 11–12 axial roots; 2, one ring of collar microvilli; 3, large and small sensory cells; large sensory cells with a very long collar; filament bundles of the microvilli terminating in axial rootlets; 4, ciliary apparatus with radially arranged axial rootlets; 5, one axial rootlet; apical cylinder; globular ciliary tip fully or partially covered by the microvillus collar; 6, one axial root is longer than the others and extends into the axon; the filament bundles of the microvilli extend deeply into the dendrite; 7, multiciliated sensory cells; 8, monociliated sensory cells are rare; nonciliated sensory cells. *inner microvilli in the case of receptor processes with a double ring of microvilli.

Fig.12 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.12. Tergopleural musculature in the pterothorax of winged Orthoptera. 1/2/3ax (first/second/third axillary sclerite), ba (basalare), pla (pleural arm), sa (subalare).

Fig.10 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.10. Thoracic musculature of Orthoptera. (A) Dorsal longitudinal and pleurocoxal muscles. (B) Sternocoxal muscles.Tergopleural muscles that are present in unwinged Orthoptera. (C) Ventral longitudinal, sternopleural, and pleuropleural muscles.

Fig.8 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.8. Thoracic muscles of Meconema meridionale. Right body half. Interior lateral view. (A) Pleuropleural, tergopleural, sternopleural, and ventral longitudinal muscles. (B) Slightly shifted dorsolateral view of the pterothorax. Pterothoracic tergopleural muscles. Blue asterisks mark pleural ridge. abt1 (first abdominal tergite), em2/3 (meso-/metathoracic epimeron), est2/3 (meso-/metathoracic episternum), nt2/nt3 (meo-/metanotum). Scale bars: 1mm.

Fig.9 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.9. Thoracic skeleton of Orthoptera. Structures in light gray are not present in all examined members of the Orthoptera. Wing base and sclerites (ba, sa) represent the unwinged condition. 1/2lcv (first/second lateral cervical sclerite), abst1 (first abdominal sternum), absti1 (first abdominal stigma), abt1 (first abdominal tergum), afup (anterior furcal process), amest2/3 (anterior margin of mes-/metepisternum), ba2/3 (basalare of meso-/metathorax), cpl (cryptopleura), cxr1/2/3 (pro- /meso-/metacoxal rim), dcv (dorsal cervical sclerite), est1/2/3 (pro-/mes-/metepisternum), em1/2/3 (pro-/mes-/metepimeron), fu1/2/3 (pro-/meso-/ metafurca), he (head), nt1/2/3 (pro-/meso- /metanotum), ph1/2/3 (pro-/meso-/metaphragma), pla2/3 (meso-/metapleural arm), plr1/2/3 (pro-/meso-/metathoracic pleurosternal ridge), psb1/2/3 (pro-/meso-/metathoracic pleurosterna bridge), sa2/3 (subalare of meso-/metathorax), sp1/2 (pro-/mesospina), st1/2/3 (pro-/meso- / metasternum), sti2/3 (meso-/metathoracic stigma), ti1/2/3 (pro-/meso-/metatrochantin), vcv (ventral cervical sclerite).

Fig.7 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.7. Thoracic muscles of Meconema meridionale. Right body half. Interior lateral view. (A) Dorsoventral and sternocoxal musculature. (B) Slightly shifted dorsolateral view, dorsal body half clipped off. Sternocoxal muscles. Scale bars: 1mm.

Fig. 6 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig. 6. Thoracic muscles of Meconema meridionale. Right body half. Interior lateral view. (A) Dorsal longitudinal and pleurocoxal musculature. (B) Dorsal longitudinal musculature and pterothoracic pcm2 (Mm. basalare-trochantinalis) composed of a long and a short bundle. Scale bars: 1mm.

Fig. 5 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig. 5. Morphology of metafurca in Ensifera (A–L) and Caelifera (M and N). 3D reconstruction. Metafurca in dorsal and anterolateral view. An anterior furcal process, shaded in red, is present in the vast majority of Ensifera. Whereas the anterior furcal process is rod-shaped and tapered in representatives of the Ensifera, it forms a transition to the lateral furcal arm in the Caeliferan representative Stenobothrus lineatus (M). A dorsal furcal process, marked by pink asterisks, is present only in some ensiferan taxa (E–I).

Fig. 4 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig. 4. Morphology of mesospina in representatives of Ensifera (A–L) and Caelifera (M). (A–D) Volume rendering. (E–M) 3D reconstruction. Orthoptera bear a stalked mesospina (green asterisk).The vast majority of Ensifera is characterized by a mesospina that bears paired dorsolateral* and ventrolateral processi, only Comicus calcaris has a single lateral process (F). Whereas the dorsolateral processus* is tapered in most Ensifera, the dorsolateral process* in Gryllus bimaculatus is knob-like (E). Some taxa have an unpaired posterior process, marked by pink asterisk.The mesospina of Stenobothrus lineatus is characterized by a distal plate that lacks processi. st2 (mesosternum), st3 (metasternum).

Fig.3 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.3. Morphology of the mesothoracic furca in representatives of Ensifera (A, B, D–F) and Caelifera (C and G). (A–C) Volume rendering of mesothorax showing ventral longitudinal muscles inserting at anterior process * or anterior edge of mesofurca. Mesofurca is enclosing the pleural arm from ventral side. (D–G) 3D reconstruction of mesofurcae. In contrast to ensiferan representatives,the mesofurca of the caeliferan Xya sp. (G) bears an anterior process *.The muscles Ivlm7 (M.profurca-mesofurcalis) and Ivlm9 (M.prospina-mesofurcalis) insert at anterior processus or homologous area. pla2 (mesothoracic pleural arm).

Fig.2 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.2. Morphology of the prothoracic spina in representatives of Ensifera (A–E), and Caelifera (F). Dorsal view. Prospina is highlighted in transparent orange. The white asterisk * marks the single or paired posterior processus of the prospina. Green asterisks mark visible prospinal stalk. In contrast to (A–E), the prospina of the caeliferan representative (F) has a broad basis and is nonstalked. fu1 (profurca).

Fig.1 in Comparative Morphology of the Orthopteran Thorax With a Discussion of Phylogenetically Relevant Characters

Fig.1. Morphology of the prothoracic furca in representatives of Ensifera (A–E) and Caelifera (F). Lateral view. Profurca is highlighted in transparent orange.The white asterisk * marks the posterior arm-like or bulbous extension of the profurca. Blue asterisks mark the pleural ridge of cryptopleura. In contrast to (A–E), caeliferan representative in (F) has strikingly marked prothoracic pleural arm. cpl (cryptopleura), nt1 (pronotum), pla1 (prothoracic pleural arm), sp1 (prospina).

FIGURE 73 in Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae)

FIGURE 73. Scanning electron micrographs of Stiphropus lugubris, male (USNM). A–F male palp (A retrolateral, B, F ventral, C, E prolateral D dorsal); G prosoma, frontal view; H chelicerae, frontal view. Scale bars = 100 µm.

FIGURE 58 in Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae)

FIGURE 58. Scanning electron micrographs of Mecaphesa asperata. A spinnerets; B ALS; C PMS; D PLS; E epigynum, ventral view; F opisthosoma detail, dorsal view. Scale bars = 10 µm (B–D), 100 µm (A, E, F).

FIGURE 57 in Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae)

FIGURE 57. Scanning electron micrographs of Mecaphesa asperata. A–E male palp (A, E prolateral, B ventral, C, D retrolateral). Scale bars = 100 µm.

FIGURE 54 in Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae)

FIGURE 54. Scanning electron micrographs of Apyretina sp. A prosoma dorsal view; B chelicerae, front view; C endites and labium, ventral view; D detail of C; E left leg 1, lateral view; F scopula, lateral view. Scale bars = 10 µm (D, F), 100 µm (A–C, E).

FIGURE 72 in Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae)

FIGURE 72. Scanning electron micrographs of Strophius sp., female (USNM). A prosoma, dorsal view; B; chelicerae, front view; C ALS; D, E PMS; F PLS. Scale bars = 10 µm (C–F), 100 µm (A, B).

FIGURE 63 in Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae)

FIGURE 63. Scanning electron micrographs of Phrynarachne sp. (CAS). A–D male palp (A ventral, B, D retrolateral, C, E dorsal). Scale bars = 100 µm.