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Fig. 9 in The geological setting and palaeoenvironmental and palaeoecological reconstructions of the Upper Permian insect beds at Belmont, New South Wales, Australia
Fig. 9. Depth of fossil insects at site 205. Most wings are found in a Lagerstätt at a depth of 2 cm within the seam.
Fig. 1 in Cetotheriidae (Cetacea, Mysticeti) From The Collections Of The National Geological Museum, Bucharest (Romania)
Fig. 1. Location of the studied area in Romania (left) and the geological structures and location of the fossiliferous localities (right) in Gorj County (modified after Codarcea et al., 1968): 1 — Igneous rocks; 2 — Sarmatian s. l.; 3 — Maeotian; 4 — Upper Besarabian–Maeotian; 5 — Holocene; 6 — Pleistocene; 7 — Volhynian–Lower richnessBessarabian(Bercia; 8 —et al., fossiliferous 1968). Theselocality. deposits are situated in the Novaci depression and continue to the east and to the west, as well as south of the Ciocadia–Săcel anticline (Bercia et al., 1968). The paleontological content is also represented by invertebrate species such as: Unio cf. subrecurvus Teisseyre 1907, Radix cf. velutina Deshayes 1838, and Congeria navicula Andrusov 1897 (Popescu, 1955; Bercia et al., 1968). The last sedimentary sequence, situated east of the Cerna River, on the northern rim of the Dacian Basin is composed of detritic deposits containing rare Mactra Linnaeus 1767 remains, characteristic of the Bessarabian and Khersonian, while eastwards, towards Râmnicu Vâlcea these detritic deposits overlay the Lower Bessarabian formations with C. pesanseris, and above these, the Maeotian deposits, predominantly detritic, composed of sands and sandy marls with gravel interlays follow (Bercia et al., 1968).
Fig. 3 in Cetotheriidae (Cetacea, Mysticeti) From The Collections Of The National Geological Museum, Bucharest (Romania)
Fig. 3. Cetotheriidae lumbar vertebrae: 10.068 in: A — cranial view; B — caudal view; C — lateral view; D — dorsal view; E — ventral view; 10.064 in: F — cranial view; G — caudal view; H — lateral view; I — dorsal view; J — ventral view; 10.066 in: K — cranial view; L — caudal view; M — lateral view; N — dorsal view; O — ventral view; 10.069 in: P — cranial view; Q — caudal view; R — lateral view; S — dorsal view; T — ventral view; 21.115 in: U — cranial view; V — caudal view; W — lateral view; X — dorsal view; Y — ventral view. Scale bar 10 mm.
Fig. 2 in Cetotheriidae (Cetacea, Mysticeti) From The Collections Of The National Geological Museum, Bucharest (Romania)
Fig. 2. Cetotheriidae caudal vertebrae: 10.096 in: A — cranial view; B — caudal view; C — lateral view. D — dorsal view; E — ventral view; 10.067 in: F — cranial view; G — caudal view; H — lateral view; I — dorsal view; J — ventral view; 10.143 in: K — cranial view; L — caudal view; M — lateral view; N — dorsal view; O — ventral view; 21.113 in: P — cranial view; Q — caudal view; R — lateral view; S — dorsal view; T — ventral view; 21.114 in: U — cranial view; V — caudal view; W — lateral view; X — dorsal view; Y — ventral view; 21.116 in: Z — cranial view; A` — caudal view; B` — lateral view; C` — dorsal view; D` — ventral view; 21.117 in: E` — cranial view; F` — caudal view; G` — lateral view; H` — dorsal view; I` — ventral view; 21.118 in: J` — cranial view; K` — caudal view. L` — lateral view; M` — dorsal view; N` — ventral view; 10.097 in: O` — cranial view; P` — caudal view; Q` — lateral view; R` — Dorsal view; S` — ventral view. Scale bar 10 mm.
Fig. 4 in Cetotheriidae (Cetacea, Mysticeti) From The Collections Of The National Geological Museum, Bucharest (Romania)
Fig. 4. Mithridatocetus sp. humerus 21.112 in: A — anterior view; B — posterior view; C — ventral view; D — dorsal view. Scale bar 10 mm.
Digitized geological and geophysical data from the Po Plain and the northern Adriatic Sea (north Italy) collected from public sources.
<p>The database is a supplementary material of:</p><p>Livani, M., Petracchini, L., Benetatos, C., Marzano, F., Billi, A., Carminati, E., Doglioni, C., Petricca, P., Maffucci, R., Codegone, G., Rocca, V., Antoncecchi, I. (2023). Subsurface geological and geophysical data from the Po Plain and the northern Adriatic Sea (north Italy). Earth System Science Data Discussions, 15, n. 9, 4261-4293, doi: 10.5194/essd-15-4261-2023</p><p> </p><p>This database comprises subsurface geological and geophysical data from the Po Plain and the northern Adriatic Sea (north Italy). We realized the database by collecting, revising, and digitizing data, originally in raster format, from public sources. These data have been then used to reconstruct the overall subsurface 3D architecture and to extract the physical properties of the subsurface geological units.</p><p>The data have a common geographical system: WGS 84/UTM zone 32N; EPSG: 32632.</p><p>The database contains borehole information from 160 deep wells (i.e., wellhead coordinates, rotary table elevation, measured depth, true depth, total depth and deviation survey) and digitized Spontaneous Potential, Gamma Ray, and Sonic logs. Five horizons were digitized from 61 geological cross-sections and from 10 isobath maps that roughly correspond to the boundaries of units showing different lithological properties and with different mechanical properties. The horizons are, from the oldest to the youngest: the top of the magnetic basement, the top of the carbonate succession, the base of the Pliocene, the base of the Calabrian and the base of recent continental deposits. In addition, the gridded surfaces of the 3D geological model are available.</p><p>We organized the database into two groups: "primitive data" and "derived data".</p><p>Primitive data are the result of the digitization of public data. The database of the primitive data is formed by the main horizons reported in the geological cross-sections, the isobaths of the main geological surfaces, the well locations, comprised their trajectory along depth, lithological and stratigraphical information, and geophysical logs from composite well logs. Well data include specific sets of well logs aimed to geological/mechanical characterization of the geological units (e.g., Spontaneous Potential log, Resistivity log, Gamma Ray log, and Sonic log).</p><p>Derived data consist of two datasets: i) the primitive isobaths maps and geological cross-sections data that have been filtered and verified after a data accuracy analysis performed to unravel discrepancies in the interpretation of the subsurface geological horizons; ii) a set of regional surfaces of the main geological units of the Po Plain subsurface. These surfaces were generated by interpolating the filtered primitive data and without considering the fault occurrence/displacements.</p><p>Primitive and derived data are provided in delimited text file format organized according to the data type (i.e., well, geological cross-section, map and gridded surface). The format and the organization of data are explained in the related "readme" file presents within each data folder.</p><p>Our database represents a collection of the main published works regarding the Po Plain. Detailed studies related to specific sectors of the Po Plain might not be present in our database.</p><p>Further details about the data processing and organization are given in the related manuscript.</p><p> </p>
Data for: Phylogenomics and historical biogeography of Hydrangeeae (Hydrangeaceae) elucidate the effects of geologic and climatic dynamics on diversification
<p>Demonstrating the process of transregional biogeography and mechanisms underlying evolutionary radiations is crucial to understanding biological evolution. Here, we use Hydrangeeae (Hydrangeaceae), a tribe with a unique disjunct distribution and complex trait variations, using a solid phylogenetic framework, to investigate how geographical and climatic factors interact with functional traits to trigger plant evolutionary radiations. We constructed the first highly supported and dated phylogenetic framework using 79 protein-coding genes obtained from 81 plastomes, representing 63 species and all major clades, and found that most extant species originated from asynchronous diversification of two lineages undergoing repeated expansion and retraction, at middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere between East Asia and North America, during the Eocene to Pleistocene (driven by geologic and climatic dynamics). In accordance with these drivers, interactions of flora between central-eastern China and Japan occurred frequently after the Late Tertiary. We found that resource limitation and range fragmentation likely accelerated the diversification of Hydrangeeae, which supports the resource-use hypothesis. Our study sheds light on the evolutionary radiation and assembly of flora within East Asia, and the East Asian-North American disjunction, through integration of phylogenomic and biogeographic data with functional trait and ecological data.</p>
Geology constrains biomineralization expression and functional trait distribution in the Mountainsnails (Oreohelix)
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: Geographic variation in metabolic resources necessary for functional trait expression can set limits on species distributions. For species that need to produce and maintain biomineralized traits for survival, spatial variation in mineral macronutrients may constrain species' distributions by limiting the expression of biomineralized traits. Here, we examine whether threatened, heavily biomineralized <em>Oreohelix</em> land snails are restricted to CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock regions, if they incorporate greater amounts of CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock carbon in their shell than less biomineralized smooth forms, and if ornamentation increases shell strength.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Western United States</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We used random forest (RF) classification models at multiple spatial resolutions to evaluate the contribution of topographic, vegetation, climate, and geologic variables in predicting the presence of heavily biomineralized shell ornaments. We then measured and compared shell biometric variables, <sup>14</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C ratios, and peak force for fracture for ornamented and smooth forms from calcareous and non-calcareous substrates.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Distance to CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock was the most important variable in all trait distribution models and was highly associated with local ornamentation classification and forecasted distribution. Pairwise comparisons of <sup>14</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C ratios in closely occurring ornamented vs. smooth population pairs revealed ornamented forms incorporate greater CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock carbon than smooth forms. Ornamented types measured in this study were generally heavier and required greater peak force for fracture than smooth snails, except when compared to smooth forms sampled from CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock.</p> <p><strong>Main</strong> <strong>conclusions</strong>: Biomineralization expression, species distribution, and trait function appear to be constrained by mineral supply in a highly diverse group of land snails. This trait-environment relationship suggests similar CaCO<sub>3</sub> macronutrient constraints may modulate biomineralization expression and restrict species distribution in other terrestrial molluscs and has a direct impact on the management of <em>Oreohelix</em> species.</p>
FIG. 2 in Bryophyte colonization on the monuments of Champaner Pavagadh - UNESCO World Heritage Site and its association with geological substrates
FIG. 2. — Colonizing liverworts on the selected monuments of Champaner Pavagadh: A, Asterella wallichiana (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Grolle; B, Riccia billardieri Mont. & Nees; C, R. discolor Lehm. & Lindenb.; D, R. gangetica Ahmad.; E, R. grollei Udar.; F, Cyathodium cavernarum Kunze ex Lehm.; G, Plagiochasma appendiculatum Lehm. & Lindenb. and P. microcephalum (Steph.) Steph. Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 1 in Bryophyte colonization on the monuments of Champaner Pavagadh - UNESCO World Heritage Site and its association with geological substrates
FIG. 1. — Glimpses of sites showing biological colonization and deterioration of the monuments of Champaner Pavagadh.
FIG. 6 in Bryophyte colonization on the monuments of Champaner Pavagadh - UNESCO World Heritage Site and its association with geological substrates
FIG. 6. — Spectra of the PXRD of the geological substrate samples from the different sites of Champaner Pavagadh. Peaks number: 1, aluminosilicate; 2, calcite; 3, orthoclase; 4, plagioclase; 5, muscovite; 6, hematite and magnetite.
FIG. 5 in Bryophyte colonization on the monuments of Champaner Pavagadh - UNESCO World Heritage Site and its association with geological substrates
FIG. 5. — Microscopic images of geological substrate thin sections of different sites: A-C, Makai Kothar; D-F, antiquity from the surroundings of Jain Temple; G-I, Navlakha Kothar. Scale bars: 500 μm.
Surface peat data, Geological Survey of Finland
<p>Surface peat data (0-40 cm) from the national peatland inventory of the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK): Water%, dry bulk density (gdm-3), ash% (loss-on-ignition (LOI) at 815 ºC), decomposition rate (von Post's (1922) 10-grade scale, H1-10), C%, N%, CH ratio and S%. All peat profiles were collected between 1977 and 2017. The dry bulk density is given for all volumetric peat profiles.</p>
Dawidziuk, 2002, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, Arctic Canada. 28. Spinograptus spinosus Wood, 1900, L. nilssoni Biozone, EEP, Poland. 29. Spinograptus latespinosus Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1997. 30. Spinograptus munchi Eisenack, 1951, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, EEP, Poland. 31. Papiliograptus papilio Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 2002, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, Arctic Canada. 32. Plectograptus? karlsteinensis Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, Lenz, and Štorch, 2001, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, Barrandian. 33. Neogothograptus thorsteinssoni Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 2004, L. progenitor Biozone, Arctic Canada. 34. Neogothograptus alatiformis Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 2004, L. progenitor Biozone, Arctic Canada. 35. Neogothograptus purus Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1995, EEP, Poland. 36. Holoretiolites mancki (Münch, 1931). 37. Holoretiolites helenaewitoldi sp. nov., L. progenitor Biozone, EEP, Poland. 38. Plectograptus wimani Eisenack, 1951, N. nilssoni Biozone, Baltic erratic boulder, Poland. 39. Plectograptus robustus Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983, L. nilssoni Biozone, EEP, Kaliningrad. 40. Plectograptus macilentus Törnquist, 1887, L. scanicus Biozone, Baltic erratic boulder, Poland. 41. Semiplectograptus urbaneki Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1995, Cucullograptus hemiaversus/C. aversus Biozone, EEP, Poland. 42. Plectodinemagraptus gracilis Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1995, Cucullograptus hemiaversus/C. aversus Biozone, EEP, Poland. Figures adapted from: 1, Melchin (1999); 2, 4–5, Bouček and Münch (1944); 3, holotype photographed by A. Lenz; 6, 9, Bates and Kirk (1992); 7, Bates and Kirk (1997); 8, Štorch (1994); 10–15, 38, 40–42, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (1995); 16, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (2001); 17–21, Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (2001); 22, 25, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (1990); 23, 35, photo taken by author; 24, 32, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk et al. (2001); 26, 27, 31, Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (2002a); 28, 35, photo taken by author; 29, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (1997); 30, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 2002; 36, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk and Lenz (2001); 37, this paper; 39, Obut and Zaslavskaya (1983). Not to scale. Abbreviations: RD, Rhuddanian; SHEIN, Sheinwoodian; GORST, Gorstian; LUDF, Ludfordian. Biozonal scheme after Koren' et al. 1996; Geological time scale by International Commission on Stratigraphy, International Union of Geological Sciences 2004 (www.stratigraphy.org) in Evolution of retiolitid graptolites-a synopsis
Dawidziuk, 2002, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, Arctic Canada. 28. Spinograptus spinosus Wood, 1900, L. nilssoni Biozone, EEP, Poland. 29. Spinograptus latespinosus Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1997. 30. Spinograptus munchi Eisenack, 1951, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, EEP, Poland. 31. Papiliograptus papilio Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 2002, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, Arctic Canada. 32. Plectograptus? karlsteinensis Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, Lenz, and Štorch, 2001, C. praedubeli/C. deubeli Biozone, Barrandian. 33. Neogothograptus thorsteinssoni Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 2004, L. progenitor Biozone, Arctic Canada. 34. Neogothograptus alatiformis Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 2004, L. progenitor Biozone, Arctic Canada. 35. Neogothograptus purus Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1995, EEP, Poland. 36. Holoretiolites mancki (Münch, 1931). 37. Holoretiolites helenaewitoldi sp. nov., L. progenitor Biozone, EEP, Poland. 38. Plectograptus wimani Eisenack, 1951, N. nilssoni Biozone, Baltic erratic boulder, Poland. 39. Plectograptus robustus Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983, L. nilssoni Biozone, EEP, Kaliningrad. 40. Plectograptus macilentus Törnquist, 1887, L. scanicus Biozone, Baltic erratic boulder, Poland. 41. Semiplectograptus urbaneki Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1995, Cucullograptus hemiaversus/C. aversus Biozone, EEP, Poland. 42. Plectodinemagraptus gracilis Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 1995, Cucullograptus hemiaversus/C. aversus Biozone, EEP, Poland. Figures adapted from: 1, Melchin (1999); 2, 4–5, Bouček and Münch (1944); 3, holotype photographed by A. Lenz; 6, 9, Bates and Kirk (1992); 7, Bates and Kirk (1997); 8, Štorch (1994); 10–15, 38, 40–42, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (1995); 16, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (2001); 17–21, Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (2001); 22, 25, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (1990); 23, 35, photo taken by author; 24, 32, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk et al. (2001); 26, 27, 31, Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (2002a); 28, 35, photo taken by author; 29, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk (1997); 30, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 2002; 36, Kozłowska−Dawidziuk and Lenz (2001); 37, this paper; 39, Obut and Zaslavskaya (1983). Not to scale. Abbreviations: RD, Rhuddanian; SHEIN, Sheinwoodian; GORST, Gorstian; LUDF, Ludfordian. Biozonal scheme after Koren' et al. 1996; Geological time scale by International Commission on Stratigraphy, International Union of Geological Sciences 2004 (www.stratigraphy.org)
Geology constrains biomineralization expression and functional trait distribution in the Mountainsnails (Oreohelix)
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A moving window analysis for exploring landscape and geologic controls on spatial patterning of streambank groundwater discharge
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Data for: Phylogenomics and historical biogeography of Hydrangeeae (Hydrangeaceae) elucidate the effects of geologic and climatic dynamics on diversification
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3-D geological and petrophysical models with synthetic geophysics based on data from the Hamersley region (Western Australia)
<p>3-D geological and petrophysical models with synthetic geophysics based on data from the Hamersley region (Western Australia)</p> <p>M. Jessell<sup>1,2</sup>, J. Giraud<sup>1,2</sup>, M. Lindsay<sup>1,2 </sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup>Centre for Exploration Targeting (School of Earth Sciences), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Crawley, Australia</p> <p><sup>2</sup>Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre, School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, WA Crawley 6009, Australia</p> <p>Contact author: Jeremie Giraud (jeremie.giraud@uwa.edu.au)</p> <p>Companion dataset to the paper:</p> <p>Structural, petrophysical and geological constraints in potential field inversion using the Tomofast-x open-source code, J. Giraud, V. Ogarko, R. Martin, M. Lindsay, M. Jessell, Geoscientific Model Development Discussions.</p> <p>This dataset contains models and data shown in the paper, in both 2D and 3D:</p> <p>1. Geological model</p> <ul> <li>Reference lithology voxet:</li> </ul> <p>The reference geological model was obtained using public data from the Geological Survey of Western Australia and modified subsequently (stretched vertically and flattened at surface level) for the purpose of this study.</p> <ul> <li>Probability voxet<br> The lithology probability voxet was derived using Monte Carlo simulations for uncertainty estimation as mentioned in the paper.</li> </ul> <p>2. True and inverted models for density and magnetic susceptibility</p> <p>Derivation is detailed in the paper; it uses fictitious density and magnetic susceptibility values.</p> <p>3. Bouguer and total magnetic field anomaly</p> <p>Calculation is detailed in the paper.</p> <p>The authors are supported, in part, by Loop – Enabling Stochastic 3D Geological Modelling (LP170100985) and the Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre (MinEx CRC) whose activities are funded by the Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centre Program. This is MinEx CRC Document 2021/3. Mark Lindsay acknowledges funding from the ARC and DECRA DE190100431.</p> <p>It is a companion dataset to: <br> Vitaliy Ogarko, Jeremie Giraud, & Roland. (2021, February 5). Tomofast-x v1.0 source code (Version 1.0). Zenodo. <a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4452620">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4452620</a></p>
Geologi Endapan Gunungapi Wilayah Bandung Timur, Jawa Barat, Indonesia (v1)
<p>Dokumen ini adalah tugas akhir dari mahasiswa Prodi S1 Teknik Geologi ITB Satrio Wiavianto yang telah diwisuda ada Bulan Oktober 2016 yang lalu. Pemetaan dilakukan di wilayah gunungapi di Bandung Timur dengan penekanan pada studi petrologinya dengan sedikit analisis hidrogeologi. Revisi minor telah dilakukan pada versi ini. Peta resolusi tinggi akan segera ditambahkan.</p>
DRAFT dataset for MS on Greenland's subglacial geologic provinces by MacGregor et al.
<p>DRAFT dataset for MS on Greenland's subglacial geologic provinces</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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