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Figures 16−21. Clossiana selenis Eversmann, 1837 in Lectotypes of Erebia kefersteinii (Eversmann, 1851), Clossiana selenis (Eversmann, 1837), Melitaea arcesia Bremer, 1861 and holotype of Melitaea baikalensis Bremer, 1861 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Figures 16−21. Clossiana selenis Eversmann, 1837, adult specimens and labels: 16. C. selenis, lectotype, male, upperside (ZISP); 17. C. selenis, lectotype, male, underside (ZISP); 18. C. selenis, lectotype, labels; 19. C. selenis, paralectotype, male, upperside (ZISP); 20. C. selenis, paralectotype, male, underside (ZISP); 21. C. selenis, paralectotype, labels.
Figures 1−15. Erebia kefersteinii Eversmann, 1851 in Lectotypes of Erebia kefersteinii (Eversmann, 1851), Clossiana selenis (Eversmann, 1837), Melitaea arcesia Bremer, 1861 and holotype of Melitaea baikalensis Bremer, 1861 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Figures 1−15. Erebia kefersteinii Eversmann, 1851, adult specimens and labels: 1. E. kefersteinii, lectotype, female, upperside (ZISP); 2. E. kefersteinii, lectotype, female, underside (ZISP); 3. E. kefersteinii, lectotype, labels; 4. E. kefersteinii, paralectotype, female, upperside (ZISP); 5. E. kefersteinii, paralectotype, female, underside (ZISP); 6. E. kefersteinii, paralectotype, labels; 7. E. kefersteinii, male, Kultuk village, road to Khamar-Daban, upperside (ZISP); 8. E. kefersteinii, male, labels; 9. E. kefersteinii amika, paratype, male, upperside (coll. S. Churkin, Reutov); 10. E. kefersteinii amika, paratype, male, underside (coll. S. Churkin, Reutov); 11. E. kefersteinii amika, paratype, female, upperside (coll. S. Churkin, Reutov); 12. E. kefersteinii amika, paratype, female, underside (coll. S. Churkin, Reutov); 13. E. kefersteinii amika, paratype, female, upperside (coll. S. Churkin, Reutov); 14. E. kefersteinii amika, paratype, female, underside (coll. S. Churkin, Reutov); 15. E. kefersteinii amika, labels.
Fig. 239. Bothremys cooki Leidy, 1865. AMNH 2521 holotype, lower jaws. A in EVOLUTION OF THE SIDE-NECKED TURTLES: THE FAMILIES BOTHREMYDIDAE, EURAXEMYDIDAE, AND ARARIPEMYDIDAE
Fig. 239. Bothremys cooki Leidy, 1865. AMNH 2521 holotype, lower jaws. A, dorsal; B, dorsal; C, right lateral. Light gray shows extent of pit. [A.M. Phillips, del.]
Fig. 129. Bothremys cooki Leidy, 1865. AMNH 2521 holotype. A in EVOLUTION OF THE SIDE-NECKED TURTLES: THE FAMILIES BOTHREMYDIDAE, EURAXEMYDIDAE, AND ARARIPEMYDIDAE
Fig. 129. Bothremys cooki Leidy, 1865. AMNH 2521 holotype. A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, right lateral; D, anterior; E, left lateral; F, posterior. [F. Ippolito, del.]
Fig. 130. Bothremys cooki Leidy, 1865. AMNH 2521 holotype. A in EVOLUTION OF THE SIDE-NECKED TURTLES: THE FAMILIES BOTHREMYDIDAE, EURAXEMYDIDAE, AND ARARIPEMYDIDAE
Fig. 130. Bothremys cooki Leidy, 1865. AMNH 2521 holotype. A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, right lateral; D, anterior; E, left lateral; F, posterior. [F. Ippolito, del.]
Fig. 4. Holotype UNAM 953 in New reticulosan sponges from the middle Cambrian of Sonora, Mexico
Fig. 4. Holotype UNAM 953 of the reticulosan sponge Ratcliffespongia arivechensis sp. nov. from the middle Cambrian El Mogallón Formation at Cerro El Mogallón, Sonora, Mexico. A. Skeletal layer with larger circular to elliptical parietal gaps. B. Detail showing reticulation of single skeletal layer. C. Enlargement showing that larger-order spicules are locally oriented with closely-spaced, aligned rays, combining to form straight or sinuous bundles.
Fig. 2. Deinonychosaurian track Dromaeosauripus yongjingensis ichnosp. nov. holotype GSLTZPS2 in A new deinonychosaurian track from the Lower Cretaceous Hekou Group, Gansu Province, China
Fig. 2. Deinonychosaurian track Dromaeosauripus yongjingensis ichnosp. nov. holotype GSLTZPS2−TE4L from the Early Cretaceous Yanguoxia track site, Gansu, China. A. Photograph. B. Com− puterized photogrammetry, with 0.2 mm contour lines; color banding reflects topography (blue− green, highest; red−white, lowest). Based on the photogrammetric maps from Xing et al. (2009: fig. 6). C. Outline drawing.
Fig. 3. Late Carboniferous cnemidolestodean insect Aetophlebia singularis Scudder, 1885 from Mazon Creek, USA. Holotype specimen USNM 038147 in A new cnemidolestodean stem-orthopteran insect from the Late Carboniferous of China
Fig. 3. Late Carboniferous cnemidolestodean insect Aetophlebia singularis Scudder, 1885 from Mazon Creek, USA. Holotype specimen USNM 038147, drawing (A), asterisk indicates MP; and photograph (B), left forewing, positive imprint, flipped horizontally.
Fig. 4 in Bone microstructure and relative age of the holotype specimen of the diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur Suuwassea emilieae
Fig. 4. Allometric graphs of sauropodomorph appendicular elements. Gray lines delineate 95% confidence interval. A. Plot of sauropod humerus length versus radius length. R2 = 0.936. B. Plot of sauropod humerus length versus ulna length. R2 = 0.938. C. Plot of sauropod femur length versus tibia length. R2 = 0.939.
Fig. 1 in Bone microstructure and relative age of the holotype specimen of the diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur Suuwassea emilieae
Fig. 1. The right tibia of the holotype (ANS 21122) of the diplodocoid sauropod Suuwassea emilieae Harris and Dodson, 2004, Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic. For ease of sectioning, the tibia was dismantled at a natural break and then sectioned 3 cm from the preserved distal end (red line) to ensure a complete cross section. The proximal end of the distal segment was then re-attached to the proximal segment.
Fig. 3 in Bone microstructure and relative age of the holotype specimen of the diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur Suuwassea emilieae
Fig. 3. Histologic structures visible in the tibia of the holotype (ANS 21122) of the diplodocoid sauropod Suuwassea emilieae Harris and Dodson, 2004, Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic, photographed under plane-polarized light. A. Successive growth cycles in the caudolateral region of the bone. Brackets indicate successive highly and poorly vascularized zones. Highly vascularized zone with dense primary osteons (right), followed by a poorly vascularized annulus (middle). The leftmost region shows the subsequent zone characterized by higher vascularization (outermost cortex to left). B. The high density of secondary osteons (outlined in green) in the medial inner cortex, showing overprinting by a second generation (green arrow). Additionally, primary osteons are visible between secondary osteons showing that the bone is not completely remodeled (blue arrow). C. A cluster of secondary osteons in the outer cortex of the craniomedial region. This cluster is surrounded by primary osteons. D. Outer cortex of the caudolateral region, showing the LAG (line of arrested growth) (arrow) associated with the fourth annulus. E. Two LAGs in the outermost cortex of the lateral region. F. Primary osteons in the outermost cortex of the craniolateral region leading up to the periosteal surface of the bone.
Fig. 3. Gomphodont cynodont Gornogomphodon caffii, holotype MCSNB 5863 in Cynodont Teeth from the Carnian (Late Triassic) of Northern Italy
Fig. 3. Gomphodont cynodont Gornogomphodon caffii, holotype MCSNB 5863, from Zambla Alta, Bergamo (Italy), upper part of the Gorno Formation, Middle Carnian (Late Triassic). The specimen has been whitened with ammonium chloride to enhance tooth morphology. A. Occlusal view. B. Anterior view. C. Anterior view with outlines and relevant morphology traced in black. D. Sketch drawing (restoration) of the anterior view. Scale bars 5 mm.
Рис. 7–16. Carabus (Ophiocarabus) spp., генитаΛии самцов, виà сбоку (7–11 – меÃиаΛьная ÃоΛя эÃеагуса; 12–16 – энÃофаΛΛус). 7–8, 12–13 – C. ernsti ulastaiensis subsp. n., паратипы; 9–10, 14–15 – C. ernsti ernsti Kabak, 2002: 9, 14 – с гор к запаÃу от реки Сарык, 10, 15 – из ÃоΛины правого притока реки Сарык; 11, 16 – C. ernsti nilkiensis Kabak, 2014: 11 – гоAотип, 12 – паратип. ml – меÃиаΛьный бугор; pp – препуциаΛьный бугор; rbll – правый базоΛатераΛьный бугор. Figs 7–16. Carabus (Ophiocarabus) spp., male genitalia, lateral view (7–11 – medial lobe of the aedeagus; 12–16 – endophallus). 7–8, 12–13 – C. ernsti ulastaiensis subsp. n., paratypes; 9–10, 14–15 – C. ernsti ernsti Kabak, 2002: 9, 14 – from the locality in mountains to the West of the Saryk River, 10, 15 – from the locality in right tributary of the Saryk River; 11, 16 – C. ernsti nilkiensis Kabak, 2014: 11 – holotype, 12 – paratype. ml – median lobe; pp – praeputial pad; rbll – right basolateral lobe. in New data on the taxonomy of the genus Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Ili River basin (China)
Рис. 7–16. Carabus (Ophiocarabus) spp., генитаΛии самцов, виà сбоку (7–11 – меÃиаΛьная ÃоΛя эÃеагуса; 12–16 – энÃофаΛΛус). 7–8, 12–13 – C. ernsti ulastaiensis subsp. n., паратипы; 9–10, 14–15 – C. ernsti ernsti Kabak, 2002: 9, 14 – с гор к запаÃу от реки Сарык, 10, 15 – из ÃоΛины правого притока реки Сарык; 11, 16 – C. ernsti nilkiensis Kabak, 2014: 11 – гоAотип, 12 – паратип. ml – меÃиаΛьный бугор; pp – препуциаΛьный бугор; rbll – правый базоΛатераΛьный бугор. Figs 7–16. Carabus (Ophiocarabus) spp., male genitalia, lateral view (7–11 – medial lobe of the aedeagus; 12–16 – endophallus). 7–8, 12–13 – C. ernsti ulastaiensis subsp. n., paratypes; 9–10, 14–15 – C. ernsti ernsti Kabak, 2002: 9, 14 – from the locality in mountains to the West of the Saryk River, 10, 15 – from the locality in right tributary of the Saryk River; 11, 16 – C. ernsti nilkiensis Kabak, 2014: 11 – holotype, 12 – paratype. ml – median lobe; pp – praeputial pad; rbll – right basolateral lobe.
Рис. 17–23. Carabus (Alipaster) semenoviellus Breuning, 1934, самцы (17–20 – общий виÃ, 21–23 – меÃиаΛьная ÃоΛя эÃеагуса, виà сбоку). 17, 21 – C. semenoviellus semenoviellus, экземпΛяр с гор ТагымбеΛь; 18–20, 22–23 – C. semenoviellus tokkuztaraensis subsp. n.: 18, 22 – гоΛотип, 19, 23 – паратип из ÃоΛины реки Эрботу, 20 – паратип из ÃоΛины реки Актуюк. Figs 17–23. Carabus (Alipaster) semenoviellus Breuning, 1934, males (17–20 – general view, 21–23 – median lobe of the aedeagus, lateral view). 17, 21 – C. semenoviellus semenoviellus from the locality in Tagymbel Mountains; 18–20, 22–23 – C. semenoviellus tokkuztaraensis subsp. n.: 18, 22 – holotype; 19, 23 – paratype from the locality in the Erbotu Valley; 20 – paratype from the locality in the Aktuyuk Valley. in New data on the taxonomy of the genus Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Ili River basin (China)
Рис. 17–23. Carabus (Alipaster) semenoviellus Breuning, 1934, самцы (17–20 – общий виÃ, 21–23 – меÃиаΛьная ÃоΛя эÃеагуса, виà сбоку). 17, 21 – C. semenoviellus semenoviellus, экземпΛяр с гор ТагымбеΛь; 18–20, 22–23 – C. semenoviellus tokkuztaraensis subsp. n.: 18, 22 – гоΛотип, 19, 23 – паратип из ÃоΛины реки Эрботу, 20 – паратип из ÃоΛины реки Актуюк. Figs 17–23. Carabus (Alipaster) semenoviellus Breuning, 1934, males (17–20 – general view, 21–23 – median lobe of the aedeagus, lateral view). 17, 21 – C. semenoviellus semenoviellus from the locality in Tagymbel Mountains; 18–20, 22–23 – C. semenoviellus tokkuztaraensis subsp. n.: 18, 22 – holotype; 19, 23 – paratype from the locality in the Erbotu Valley; 20 – paratype from the locality in the Aktuyuk Valley.
Рис. 2–4. ВиΑы роΑа Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – cамец, гоΛотип, 3 – самка, паратип; 4 – D. urdzharicum, самец. Figs 1–4. Species of the genus Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – male, holotype, 3 – female, paratype; 4 – D. urdzharicum, male. in A new species of Dorcadion Dalman, 1817 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from East Kazakhstan
Рис. 2–4. ВиΑы роΑа Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – cамец, гоΛотип, 3 – самка, паратип; 4 – D. urdzharicum, самец. Figs 1–4. Species of the genus Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – male, holotype, 3 – female, paratype; 4 – D. urdzharicum, male.
Рис. 1–2. Dorcadion pantherinum ludmilae subsp. n. 1 – самец, гоΛотип; 2 – самка, паратип. Figs 1–2. Dorcadion pantherinum ludmilae subsp. n. 1 – male, holotype; 2 – female, paratype. in A new subspecies of Dorcadion pantherinum Jakowleff, 1901 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from South Kazakhstan
Рис. 1–2. Dorcadion pantherinum ludmilae subsp. n. 1 – самец, гоΛотип; 2 – самка, паратип. Figs 1–2. Dorcadion pantherinum ludmilae subsp. n. 1 – male, holotype; 2 – female, paratype.
Рис. 1–2. ВиΔы роΔа Coprophilus Latreille, 1829. 1 – C. (Zonyptilus) pseudopiceus Gildenkov, 2015, самец, гоΛотип; 2 – C. (Zonyptilus) schubertii (Motschulsky, 1860), самец (Россия, ВоΛгограΔская обΛасть). Figs 1–2. Species of the genus Coprophilus Latreille, 1829. 1 – C. (Zonyptilus) pseudopiceus Gildenkov, 2015, male, holotype; 2 – C. (Zonyptilus) schubertii (Motschulsky, 1860), male (Russia, Volgograd Region). in New data on distribution of Coprophilus Latreille, 1829 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae) in the south of European part of Russia, in the Caucasus and Turkey
Рис. 1–2. ВиΔы роΔа Coprophilus Latreille, 1829. 1 – C. (Zonyptilus) pseudopiceus Gildenkov, 2015, самец, гоΛотип; 2 – C. (Zonyptilus) schubertii (Motschulsky, 1860), самец (Россия, ВоΛгограΔская обΛасть). Figs 1–2. Species of the genus Coprophilus Latreille, 1829. 1 – C. (Zonyptilus) pseudopiceus Gildenkov, 2015, male, holotype; 2 – C. (Zonyptilus) schubertii (Motschulsky, 1860), male (Russia, Volgograd Region).
Рис. 1–11. Mimela spp., имаго и ΔетаΛи строения. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., гоΛотип, самец; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, самец («Tenasserim»); 9 – M. nigrosellata, гоΛотип, самец (о. Ява, «Java coll. Nonfried»); 10–11 – M. gressitti comb. n., паратип, самка. 1, 10 – общий виΔ; 2, 11 – простернаΛьный отросток; 3 – переΔняя Λапка; 4, 7, 9 – эΔеагус, виΔ сбоку; 5, 8 – парамеры, виΔ сверху, 6 – парамеры и базаΛьная пΛастинка, виΔ снизу. Масштабные Λинейки: 1, 4–10 – 2 мм (Λинейка общая ΔΛя 4–9), 2 – 0.2 мм, 3 – 1 мм, 11 – 0.5 мм. Figs 1–11. Mimela spp., imagoes and details of structure. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., holotype, male; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, male ("Tenasserim"); 9 – M. nigrosellata, holotype, male ("Java coll. Nonfried"); 10–11 –M. gressitti comb. n., paratype, female.1, 10 – habitus; 2, 11 – prosternal process; 3 – fore protarsus; 4, 7, 9 – aedeagus, lateral view; 5, 8 – parameres, dorsal view; 6 – parameres and basal plate, ventral view. Scale bars: 1, 4–10 – 2 mm (common for 4–9), 2 – 0.2 mm, 3 – 1 mm, 11 – 0.5 mm. in A new species of Mimela Kirby, 1825 from Laos with comments on M. gressitti (Frey, 1970), comb. n. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)
Рис. 1–11. Mimela spp., имаго и ΔетаΛи строения. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., гоΛотип, самец; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, самец («Tenasserim»); 9 – M. nigrosellata, гоΛотип, самец (о. Ява, «Java coll. Nonfried»); 10–11 – M. gressitti comb. n., паратип, самка. 1, 10 – общий виΔ; 2, 11 – простернаΛьный отросток; 3 – переΔняя Λапка; 4, 7, 9 – эΔеагус, виΔ сбоку; 5, 8 – парамеры, виΔ сверху, 6 – парамеры и базаΛьная пΛастинка, виΔ снизу. Масштабные Λинейки: 1, 4–10 – 2 мм (Λинейка общая ΔΛя 4–9), 2 – 0.2 мм, 3 – 1 мм, 11 – 0.5 мм. Figs 1–11. Mimela spp., imagoes and details of structure. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., holotype, male; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, male ("Tenasserim"); 9 – M. nigrosellata, holotype, male ("Java coll. Nonfried"); 10–11 –M. gressitti comb. n., paratype, female.1, 10 – habitus; 2, 11 – prosternal process; 3 – fore protarsus; 4, 7, 9 – aedeagus, lateral view; 5, 8 – parameres, dorsal view; 6 – parameres and basal plate, ventral view. Scale bars: 1, 4–10 – 2 mm (common for 4–9), 2 – 0.2 mm, 3 – 1 mm, 11 – 0.5 mm.
Fig. 11. Balmaceda minor comb. nov. Holotype male A-C, B-C in New Species, Combinations, and Records of Jumping Spiders in the Galápagos Islands (Araneae: Salticidae)
Fig. 11. Balmaceda minor comb. nov. Holotype male A-C, B-C right palp mirror imaged: A. dorsal, B. palp ventral, C. palp retrolateral. Paratype female D-F: D. dorsal, E. epigyne ventral cleared, F. epigyne dorsal cleared. Balmaceda abba sp. nov. Holotype female G-I: G. dorsal, H. ventral, I. epigyne ventral, J. paratype female: epigyne dorsal cleared.
FIGURE 6. 1–3, Holotype SCT 246 in New species of Deinogalerix (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla) from the late Miocene of Scontrone (Abruzzo, central Italy)
FIGURE 6. 1–3, Holotype SCT 246 during its preparation from the rock matrix by vibrotool. The figure shows the premolars still partially encased in the rock matrix.
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