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285 results for “hummingbirds”
Data from: Competition for hummingbird pollination shapes flower color variation in Andean Solanaceae
One classic explanation for the remarkable diversity of flower colors across angiosperms involves evolutionary shifts among different types of pollinators with different color preferences. However, the pollinator shift model fails to account for the many examples of color variation within clades that share the same pollination system. An alternate explanation is the competition model, which suggests that color divergence evolves in response to interspecific competition for pollinators, as a means to decrease interspecific pollinator movements. This model predicts color overdispersion within communities relative to null assemblages. Here we combine morphometric analyses, field surveys, and models of pollinator vision with a species-level phylogeny to test the competition model in the primarily hummingbird-pollinated clade Iochrominae (Solanaceae). Results show that flower color as perceived by pollinators is significantly overdispersed within sites. This pattern is not simply due to phylogenetic history: phylogenetic community structure does not deviate from random expectations, and flower color lacks phylogenetic signal. Moreover, taxa that occur in sympatry occupy a significantly larger volume of color space than those in allopatry, supporting the hypothesis that competition in sympatry drove the evolution of novel colors. We suggest that competition among close relatives may commonly underlie floral divergence, especially in species-rich habitats where congeners frequently co-occur.
Data from: Hovering hummingbird wing aerodynamics during the annual cycle
The diverse hummingbird family (Trochilidae) has unique adaptations for nectarivory, among which is the ability to sustain hover-feeding. As hummingbirds mainly feed while hovering, it is crucial to maintain this ability throughout the annual cycle—especially during flight-feather moult, in which wing area is reduced. To quantify the aerodynamic characteristics and flow mechanisms of a hummingbird wing throughout the annual cycle, time-accurate aerodynamic loads and flow field measurements were correlated over a dynamically scaled wing model of Anna's hummingbird (Calypte anna). We present measurements recorded over a model of a complete wing to evaluate the baseline aerodynamic characteristics and flow mechanisms. We found that the vorticity concentration that had developed from the wing's leading-edge differs from the attached vorticity structure that was typically found over insects' wings; firstly, it is more elongated along the wing chord, and secondly, it encounters high levels of fluctuations rather than a steady vortex. Lift characteristics resemble those of insects; however, a 20% increase in the lift-to-torque ratio was obtained for the hummingbird wing model. Time-accurate aerodynamic loads were also used to evaluate the time-evolution of the specific power required from the flight muscles, and the overall wingbeat power requirements nicely matched previous studies.
FIGURE 4 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 4. Amerodectes vireonis sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 2 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 2. Amerodectes longifuscus sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 1 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 1. Amerodectes longifuscus sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 13 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 13. Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 11 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 11. Trochilodectes willisi sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 8 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 8. Tyrannidectes synallaxis sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 7 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 7. Tyrannidectes synallaxis sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 10 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 10. Trochilodectes willisi sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 14 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 14. Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 5 in Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil
FIGURE 5. Amerodectes vireonis sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
Data and Code for "3D flightpaths reveal the development of spatial memory in wild hummingbirds"
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Figure 2 from: Lanna LL, de Azevedo CS, Claudino RM, Oliveira R, Antonini Y (2017) Feeding behavior by hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) in artificial food patches in an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia 34: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e13228
Figure 2 - Positive correlation between the time spent feeding and the exhibition of aggressive behaviors by the hummingbirds. For this analysis, we included the time spent feeding by all hummingbird species in all sugar concentrations, and we summed the aggressive behaviors "expelling", "fighting", "frightening", "expel attempt", "alert" and "vocalizing".
Figure 1 from: Lanna LL, de Azevedo CS, Claudino RM, Oliveira R, Antonini Y (2017) Feeding behavior by hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) in artificial food patches in an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia 34: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e13228
Figure 1 - Sugar concentrations most visited by the recorded hummingbird species based on time spent foraging (mean duration of time spent foraging ± SD). Different letters represents statistical differences between sugar solutions as per the results of Dunn's post hoc tests (P-value < 0.05).
Figures 3-6 from: Lanna LL, de Azevedo CS, Claudino RM, Oliveira R, Antonini Y (2017) Feeding behavior by hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) in artificial food patches in an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia 34: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e13228
Figures 3-6 - Positive correlation between size (cm) and the exhibition of aggressive (3) and submissive (4) behaviors by the hummingbirds. Positive correlation between weight (g) and the exhibition of aggressive (5) and submissive (6) behaviors by the hummingbirds. For both analysis, we included aggressive and submissive behaviors exhibited by all hummingbird species in all sugar concentrations, and we summed the aggressive behaviors "expelling", "fighting", "frightening", "expel attempt", "alert" and "vocalizing", and the submissive behaviors "fleeing" and "frightened".
Figure 1. A in Pollination and breeding system in two sympatric Fuchsia (Onagraceae) species at the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (Brazil): Hummingbirds, insects and facultative self-pollination
Figure 1. A. Flowers of Fuchsia regia in female (left) and male phases (right). B. Flowers of F. campos-portoi. C. Possible hybrid (F. regia x F. campos-portoi) photographed in 2009, near the IBAMA base ao the Itatiaia National Park.
Supplementary material 1 from: Ouvernay D, Ferreira I, Morrone JJ (2018) Areas of endemism of hummingbirds (Aves: Apodiformes: Trochilidae) in the Andean and Neotropical regions. Zoologia 35: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13673
Table S1.: Link: https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13673.suppl1
Supplementary material 2 from: Ouvernay D, Ferreira I, Morrone JJ (2018) Areas of endemism of hummingbirds (Aves: Apodiformes: Trochilidae) in the Andean and Neotropical regions. Zoologia 35: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13673
Figure S1.: Link: https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13673.suppl2
Figure 2 from: Ouvernay D, Ferreira I, Morrone JJ (2018) Areas of endemism of hummingbirds (Aves: Apodiformes: Trochilidae) in the Andean and Neotropical regions. Zoologia 35: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13673
Figure 2 General area cladogram for Trochilidae. Events of dispersal, extinction, and synapomorphies detailed in the Table 2.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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