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570 results for “mediality”
Text-fig. 2—Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn, TMM 41436-1, left maxilla, a, lateral view, b, medial view. x 1/4. in Tyrannosaurus and Torosaurus, Maestrichtian Dinosaurs From Trans-Pecos, Texas
Text-fig. 2—Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn, TMM 41436-1, left maxilla, a, lateral view, b, medial view. x 1/4.
Data from: Chemogenetic inhibition of the medial prefrontal cortex reverses the effects of REM sleep loss on sucrose consumption
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep loss is associated with increased consumption of weight-promoting foods. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is thought to mediate reward anticipation. However, the precise role of the PFC in mediating reward responses to highly palatable foods (HPF) after REM sleep deprivation is unclear. We selectively reduced REM sleep in mice over a 25–48 hr period and chemogenetically inhibited the medial PFC (mPFC) by using an altered glutamate-gated and ivermectin-gated chloride channel that facilitated neuronal inhibition through hyperpolarizing infected neurons. HPF consumption was measured while the mPFC was inactivated and REM sleep loss was induced. We found that REM sleep loss increased HPF consumption compared to control animals. However, mPFC inactivation reversed the effect of REM sleep loss on sucrose consumption without affecting fat consumption. Our findings provide, for the first time, a causal link between REM sleep, mPFC function and HPF consumption.
Data from: Generating electricity while walking with a medial-lateral oscillating load carriage device
Biomechanical energy harvesters generate electricity, from human movement, to power portable electronics. We developed an energy harvesting module to be used in conjunction with a load carriage device that allows carried mass in a backpack to oscillate in the medial-lateral direction. The energy harvesting module was designed to tune medial-lateral oscillations of the carried mass to create favourable device-user interaction. We tested seven energy harvesting conditions and compared them to walking with the device when the weight was rigidly fixed to the backpack frame. For each energy harvesting condition, we changed the external load resistance: altering how much electricity was being generated and how much the carried mass would oscillate. We then correlated device behaviour to the biomechanical response of the user. The energy harvesting load carriage system generated electricity at no additional metabolic cost to the user, when compared to walking with the carried weight rigidly fixed. The device was able to generate up to 0.22±0.03 W of electricity, while walking with 9 kg of carried weight. The device also reduced the interaction forces experienced by the user, in the medial-lateral direction, compared to walking with the device when the mass was rigidly fixed.
Data from: Visual landmarks sharpen grid cell metric and confer context specificity to neurons of the medial entorhinal cortex
Neurons of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) provide spatial representations critical for navigation. In this network, the periodic firing fields of grid cells act as a metric element for position. The location of the grid firing fields depends on interactions between self-motion information, geometrical properties of the environment and nonmetric contextual cues. Here, we test whether visual information, including nonmetric contextual cues, also regulates the firing rate of MEC neurons. Removal of visual landmarks caused a profound impairment in grid cell periodicity. Moreover, the speed code of MEC neurons changed in darkness and the activity of border cells became less confined to environmental boundaries. Half of the MEC neurons changed their firing rate in darkness. Manipulations of nonmetric visual cues that left the boundaries of a 1D environment in place caused rate changes in grid cells. These findings reveal context specificity in the rate code of MEC neurons.
FIGURE 16 in Descriptions of two new species of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from the Philippines with distinct orange medial stripes on the scutum
FIGURE 16. Wings: (a) B. occipitalis (Bezzi, 1919); (b) B. dorsalis (Hendel, 1912).
FIGURE 17 in Descriptions of two new species of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from the Philippines with distinct orange medial stripes on the scutum
FIGURE 17. (a) Scutum, dorsal view: (a) B. dorsalis (Hendel, 1912); (b) B. youngi sp. n.
FIGURE 6 in Descriptions of two new species of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from the Philippines with distinct orange medial stripes on the scutum
FIGURE 6. Scutellum: (a) Zeugodacus tau (Walker, 1849); (b) B. dorsalis (Hendel, 1912).
Рис. 3–6. Coelorinchus idiolepis sp. nov., гоΛотип, ΔетаΛи строения: 3 — гоΛова, виΔ сверху; 4 — ditto, виΔ снизу; 5 — чешуйный покров верха гоΛовы; 6 — абΔоминаΛьная обΛасть. Обозначения: А — гоΛый участок верхней поверхности рыΛа; B — меΔиаΛьный назаΛьный гребень; C — затыΛочный гребень; D — перипрокт и анус. Масштаб: 3, 4 — 30 мм (Λинейка общая); 5 — 15 мм; 6 — 25 мм Figs. 3–6. Coelorinchus idiolepis sp. nov., holotype, structural details: 3 — head, dorsal view; 4 — ditto, ventral view; 5 — squamation of snout and top of head; 6 — abdominal region. Symbols: А — scaleless area on snout; B — medial nasal ridge; C — occipital ridge; D — periproct and anus. Scale bars: 3, 4 — 30 mm (common bar); 5 — 15 mm; 6 — 25 mm in Coelorinchus From The Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain (The Pacific Ocean) (Teleostei, Gadiformes, Macrouridae)
Рис. 3–6. Coelorinchus idiolepis sp. nov., гоΛотип, ΔетаΛи строения: 3 — гоΛова, виΔ сверху; 4 — ditto, виΔ снизу; 5 — чешуйный покров верха гоΛовы; 6 — абΔоминаΛьная обΛасть. Обозначения: А — гоΛый участок верхней поверхности рыΛа; B — меΔиаΛьный назаΛьный гребень; C — затыΛочный гребень; D — перипрокт и анус. Масштаб: 3, 4 — 30 мм (Λинейка общая); 5 — 15 мм; 6 — 25 мм Figs. 3–6. Coelorinchus idiolepis sp. nov., holotype, structural details: 3 — head, dorsal view; 4 — ditto, ventral view; 5 — squamation of snout and top of head; 6 — abdominal region. Symbols: А — scaleless area on snout; B — medial nasal ridge; C — occipital ridge; D — periproct and anus. Scale bars: 3, 4 — 30 mm (common bar); 5 — 15 mm; 6 — 25 mm
Fig. 3 Erythraeus phalangoides, adult. a Palp, medial view. b Crista metopica and eyes. c Dorsal opisthosomal setae. d in Towards resolving the double classification in Erythraeus (Actinotrichida: Erythraeidae): matching larvae with adults using 28S sequence data and experimental rearing
Fig. 3 Erythraeus phalangoides, adult. a Palp, medial view. b Crista metopica and eyes. c Dorsal opisthosomal setae. d Serratala on genu I. e Serratala on genu IV. f Diversity of serratalae on telofemora, genua, and tibiae of legs I–IV
FIGURE 9. Anthidiellum mediale, MALE. A. FAcE. B. HABItUS. c. T6–T7. D. S5 in Taxonomic revision of the sub-Saharan Anthidiellum Cockerell (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
FIGURE 9. Anthidiellum mediale, MALE. A. FAcE. B. HABItUS. c. T6–T7. D. S5.
Text-fig. 1. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of cave bear bones from Late Pleistocene deposits from Vařekova chodba in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic); a – fragment of vertebra with bite marks; b – fragment of right humerus, proximal part with bite marks; c – thoracic vertebra with pathological rib facet; d–e – fused left astragalus with left calcaneus (d: medial view, e: dorsal view). in Basic Population And Taphonomic Analysis Of Bear Assemblages From Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, The Czech Republic): A Fossil Record From 1987-2007
Text-fig. 1. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of cave bear bones from Late Pleistocene deposits from Vařekova chodba in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic); a – fragment of vertebra with bite marks; b – fragment of right humerus, proximal part with bite marks; c – thoracic vertebra with pathological rib facet; d–e – fused left astragalus with left calcaneus (d: medial view, e: dorsal view).
Text-fig. 9. Protothymallus elongatus (KRAMBERGER, 1885): Pharyngeal bone (medial view) with attached teeth (SMMGD SaT-620). in Revision Of The Cyprinids From The Early Oligocene Of The České Středohoří Mountains, And The Phylogenetic Relationships Of Protothymallus Laube, 1901 (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Gobioninae)
Text-fig. 9. Protothymallus elongatus (KRAMBERGER, 1885): Pharyngeal bone (medial view) with attached teeth (SMMGD SaT-620).
Figures 8-13 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 8-13 - Dinotrema alysiae sp. n. (female). 8 Mesonotum 9 Propodeum 10 Hind leg 11 First metasomal tergite 12 Metasoma and ovipositor 13 Fore and hind wings.
Figures 21-26 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 21-26 - Dinotrema paramicum sp. n. (female). 21 Mesonotum 22 Propodeum 23 Hind leg 24 First metasomal tergite 25 Metasoma and ovipositor 26 Fore and hind wings.
Figures 34-39 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 34-39 - Dinotrema tirolense sp. n. (female). 34 Mesonotum 35 Propodeum 36 Hind leg 37 First metasomal tergite 38 Metasoma and ovipositor 39 Fore wing.
Figures 2-7 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 2-7 - Dinotrema alysiae sp. n. (female). 2 Head, lateral view 3 Mandible 4 Antenna 5 Basal segments of antenna 6 Head, dorsal view 7 Mesosoma.
Figures 28-33 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 28-33 - Dinotrema tirolense sp. n. (female). 28 Head, lateral view 29 Mandible 30 Antenna 31 Basal segments of antenna 32 Head, dorsal view 33 Mesosoma.
Figures 15-20 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 15-20 - Dinotrema paramicum sp. n. (female). 15 Head, lateral view 16 Mandible 17 Antenna 18 Basal segments of antenna 19 Head, dorsal view 20 Mesosoma.
Figures 40-45 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 40-45 - Dinotrema valvulatum sp. n. (female). 40 Habitus, lateral view 41 Head, lateral view 42 Mandible 43 Antenna 44 Basal segments of antenna 45 Head, dorsal view.
Figures 46-51 from: Peris Felipo F, Munk T, Jimenez R (2013) New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). ZooKeys 260: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.4084
Figures 46-51 - Dinotrema valvulatum sp. n. (female). 46 Mesosoma 47 Mesonotum 48 Propodeum 49 Hind leg 50 First metasomal tergite 51 Metasoma and ovipositor.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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