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951 results for “places”
Decision analysis rooted in Indigenous and Western scientific knowledge identifies cost-effective strategies for managing hyperabundant deer to restore keystone places
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In the right place, at the right time: the integration of bacteria into the Plankton Ecology Group model
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Data from: Remote homolog detection places insect chemoreceptors in a cryptic protein superfamily spanning the tree of life
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Position and time coordinates, performance, and latencies of delayed non-match to place trials performed by rats with silenced hippocampal inputs to RSC
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First explorations: ontogeny of central-place-foraging directions in two tropical seabirds
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Data from: Same places, same stories? Genomics reveals similar structuring and demographic patterns for four Pocillopora coral species in the southwestern Indian Ocean
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Data from: Remote activation of place codes by gaze in a highly visual animal
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Central place foraging in a human-dominated landscape - how do common cranes select feeding sites?
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Hippocampal place cell remapping occurs with memory storage of aversive experiences
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FIGURES 22–31 in Taxonomy of 'Euconnus complex'. Part XX. Madagassoconnus Franz and Oneila Peringuey placed as subgenera of Euconnus Thomson (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 22–31. Morphological structures of Oneila sp., (22–30) and O. luciae (31) male. Distal portion of left antenna in dorsal (22) and ventral (23) views; modified antennomeres in lateral (outer) (24) and dorsal (25) views; projection of antennomere VIII in ventral (26) and dorsal (27) views; modified lateral surface of antennomere VII (28–29) view; right protibial apex and protarsus in dorsal view (30); aedeagus in ventral view (31).
FIGURES 7–13 in Taxonomy of 'Euconnus complex'. Part XX. Madagassoconnus Franz and Oneila Peringuey placed as subgenera of Euconnus Thomson (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 7–13. Morphological structures of Madagassoconnus sp., male. Head and prothorax in ventral view (7); pterothorax and abdomen in ventral view (8); pterothorax in ventral view (9); meso- and metanotum in dorsal view (10); right procoxa in ventral view (11); left protarsus in lateral view (12); aedeagus in ventral view (13). Abbreviations: ala, alacrista; bst, basisternal part of prosternum; dlf, dorsolateral fovea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; hyr, hypomeral ridge; lfa, lateral furcal arm; mn, mentum; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; sc+scl2, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum; sc3, metascutum; smn, submentum.
Alpiner Ortsnamen Gazeteer/Mountaineering Place Name Gazeteer
<p>The unified gazetteer for this project was derived from 6 sources named here as local gazetteers. Entries from these gazeteers were automatically matched to the Alpenwort Corpus, its Table of Content and to the OeAV Photo Index. All matches where integrated in the file "mount_place_name_gaz.txt". For these 6 gazetteers a matching of the place types present in these gazetteers to broader categories was performed and the matching is in the file "gaz_union_thes.txt".</p> <p>details on semanticmountain.at</p>
Data from: Between an ocean and a high place: coastal drainage isolation generates endemic cryptic species in the Cape Kurper Sandelia capensis (Anabantiformes: Anabantidae), Cape Region, South Africa
This study investigated the range-wide phylogenetics and biogeography of the Cape Kurper Sandelia capensis, a primary freshwater fish endemic to, and widespread within, the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) of South Africa. Maximum likelihood, Bayesian phylogenetic, and haplotype network analyses, based on two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes, revealed the existence of three reciprocally monophyletic, deeply divergent and allopatric clades that likely represent cryptic species. The West Coast Clade is largely confined to the Langvlei, Verlorenvlei, Berg, and Diep rivers, the Klein River Clade is endemic to the Klein River, and the South Coast Clade is found everywhere else in the range of S. capensis sensu lato. It was hypothesized that divergences within S. capensis sensu lato likely occurred because of (1) isolation of coastal drainages by persistent drainage divides and/or (2) vicariance of current tributaries by the drowning of their confluences by high sea levels. The current distribution of lineages could be due to historical range expansion and gene flow via (1) river capture or some other mode of transdivide dispersal, and/or (2) dispersal during periods of low sea level via paleoriver confluences of currently isolated coastal rivers. Comparison of BEAST2 estimated divergence times with the timing of climatic, geological, and geomorphological events supported long-term coastal drainage isolation, punctuated by rare transdivide dispersal events and limited paleoriver dispersal, as the best explanation of current phylogeographic and divergence patterns in S. capensis. Hydrological barriers that block upstream passage in palaeotributaries could hypothetically explain why S. capensis failed to disperse through certain palaeoriver confluences. There were several sites where biogeographic patterns have likely been confounded by human translocation of S. capensis. Alien fish predators and water extraction may threaten the three cryptic species more severely than previously realized, due to their smaller population sizes and inhabitation of only a portion of the range previously ascribed to S. capensis sensu lato. The preponderance of cryptic diversity and endemism in the CFR suggests that additional undescribed cryptic species of obligate freshwater fishes may be found in short coastal river systems around the world, especially in regions with a history of geological stability and a narrow continental shelf.
Alignments from: Gene count from target sequence capture places three whole genome duplication events in Hibiscus L. (Malvaceae)
<p class="BodyA"><span><b>Background:</b> The great diversity in plant genome size and chromosome number is partly due to polyploidization (i.e., genome doubling events). The differences in genome size and chromosome number among diploid plant species can be a window into the intriguing phenomenon of past genome doubling that may be obscured through time by the process of diploidization. The genus <i>Hibiscus </i>L. (Malvaceae) has a wide diversity of chromosome numbers and a complex genomic history. <i>Hibiscus </i>is ideal for exploring past genomic events because although two ancient genome duplication events have been identified, more are likely to be found due to its diversity of chromosome numbers. To reappraise the history of whole genome duplication events, we tested three alternative scenarios describing different polyploidization events.</span></p> <p class="BodyA"><span><b>Results:</b> Using target sequence capture, we designed a new probe set for <i>Hibiscus </i>and generated 87 orthologous genes from four diploid species. We detected paralogues in >54% putative single-copy genes. 34 of these genes were selected for testing three different genome duplication scenarios using gene counting. All species of <i>Hibiscus</i> sampled shared one genome duplication with <i>H. syriacus</i> and one whole genome duplication occurred along the branch leading to <i>H. syriacus</i>.</span></p> <p class="BodyA"><span><b>Conclusions:</b> Here, we corroborated the independent genome doubling previously found in the lineage leading to <i>H. syriacus </i>and a shared genome doubling of this lineage and the remainder of <i>Hibiscus</i>. Additionally, we found a previously undiscovered genome duplication shared by the /Pavonia and /Malvaviscus clades (both nested within <i>Hibiscus</i>) with the occurrences of two copies in what were otherwise single-copy genes. Our results highlight the complexity of genomic diversity in some plant groups, which makes orthology assessment and accurate phylogenomic inference difficult.</span></p>
Replication package - The Mind Is a Powerful Place: How Showing Code Comprehensibility Metrics Influences Code Understanding
<p>Replication package for:</p> <p>Marvin Wyrich, Andreas Preikschat, Daniel Graziotin and Stefan Wagner. The Mind Is a Powerful Place: How Showing Code Comprehensibility Metrics Influences Code Understanding. To appear in: Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE ’21), Madrid, Spain.</p> <p>- The `data` folder contains dataset, R analysis script, and figures for the paper<br> - the `material` folder contains the snippets used for the experimental tasks (`code snippets` subfolder), the environment in which participants had to understand the code (`environment` subfolder) and the task sheet form to evaluate code comprehension.</p> <p>The R analysis script allows to reproduce all statistical analysis steps of the paper as well as its figures. We recommend calling `setwd()` before running the script contents, so that the dataset can be properly loaded.</p> <p>For ethics and privacy reasons, we had to drop the following potentially identifying fields from the openly released dataset, because the fields might enable participants to identify their peers:</p> <p>- Age<br> - Gender<br> - Subject (study plan)<br> - Program<br> - Semester no.</p> <p>These missed details will still allow full reproducibility of the study.</p>
Data from: Many places called home: the adaptive value of seasonal adjustments in range fidelity
1. The vast majority of animal species display range fidelity, a space-use behaviour enhancing familiarity with local habitat features. While the fitness benefits of this behaviour have been demonstrated in a variety of taxa, some species or populations rather display infidelity, displacing their home range over time. Others, such as many ungulate species, show seasonal adjustments in their range fidelity to accommodate changes in the dominance of limiting factors or in the distribution of resources. 2. Few empirical studies have explored the adaptive value of seasonal adjustments in range fidelity. Using boreal populations of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) as a biological model, we evaluated how range fidelity impacted individual performance during two seasons where juvenile and adult survival are limited by different predation pressures. 3. Between 2004 and 2013, we monitored the survival, reproductive success, habitat selection and range fidelity of female caribou in the boreal forest of eastern Canada. Using resource selection functions, we assessed how seasonal range fidelity was linked to two fitness correlates: calf survival in summer and adult female survival in winter. 4. Females displayed season-specific space use tactics: they selected previously used areas during calving and summer, but tended to shift their winter range from one year to the next. During calving and summer, range fidelity yielded relatively high fitness benefits, as females that did not lose their calf displayed stronger fidelity than females that did. In winter, however, adult survival was negatively linked to range fidelity, as females that survived selected areas further away from their seasonal range of the previous year than females that died. 5. We provide one of the first evidences that making seasonal adjustments in range fidelity can be an adaptive behaviour influencing the spatial distribution of a threatened species. Assessing the seasonal nature of range fidelity tactics may improve our predictions of space use and associated fitness implications for species displaying this behaviour.
Data from: Using deep learning to quantify the beauty of outdoor places
Beautiful outdoor locations are protected by governments and have recently been shown to be associated with better health. But what makes an outdoor space beautiful? Does a beautiful outdoor location differ from an outdoor location that is simply natural? Here, we explore whether ratings of over 200 000 images of Great Britain from the online game Scenic-Or-Not, combined with hundreds of image features extracted using the Places Convolutional Neural Network, might help us understand what beautiful outdoor spaces are composed of. We discover that, as well as natural features such as 'Coast', 'Mountain' and 'Canal Natural', man-made structures such as 'Tower', 'Castle' and 'Viaduct' lead to places being considered more scenic. Importantly, while scenes containing 'Trees' tend to rate highly, places containing more bland natural green features such as 'Grass' and 'Athletic Fields' are considered less scenic. We also find that a neural network can be trained to automatically identify scenic places, and that this network highlights both natural and built locations. Our findings demonstrate how online data combined with neural networks can provide a deeper understanding of what environments we might find beautiful and offer quantitative insights for policymakers charged with design and protection of our built and natural environments.
Data from: No place like home? A test of the natal habitat-biased dispersal hypothesis in Scandinavian wolves
Natal dispersal is an important mechanism for the viability of populations. The influence of local conditions or experience gained in the natal habitat could improve fitness if dispersing individuals settle in an area with similar habitat characteristics. This process, defined as "natal habitat-biased dispersal" (NHBD), has been used to explain distribution patterns in large carnivores, but actual studies evaluating it are rare. We tested whether gray wolf Canis lupus territory establishment was influenced by the habitat characteristics of the natal territory using the long-term monitoring of the Scandinavian wolf population. We paired the locations of natal and established territories, accounted for available habitats along the dispersing route, and compared their habitat characteristics for 271 wolves during 1998-2012. Wolves with the shortest dispersal distances established in natal-like habitat types more than expected by chance, whereas wolves that dispersed longer distances did not show NHBD. The pattern was consistent for male and female wolves, with females showing more NHBD than males. Chances to detect NHBD increased with the size of habitat defined as available. This highlights the importance of considering the biological characteristics of the studied species when defining habitat availability. Our methodological approach can prove useful to inform conservation and management to identify habitats to be selected by reintroduced or naturally expanding populations.
Data from: Molecular and fossil evidence place the origin of cichlid fishes long after Gondwanan rifting
Cichlid fishes are a key model system in the study of adaptive radiation, speciation and evolutionary developmental biology. More than 1600 cichlid species inhabit freshwater and marginal marine environments across several southern landmasses. This distributional pattern, combined with parallels between cichlid phylogeny and sequences of Mesozoic continental rifting, has led to the widely accepted hypothesis that cichlids are an ancient group whose major biogeographic patterns arose from Gondwanan vicariance. Although the Early Cretaceous (ca 135 Ma) divergence of living cichlids demanded by the vicariance model now represents a key calibration for teleost molecular clocks, this putative split pre-dates the oldest cichlid fossils by nearly 90 Myr. Here, we provide independent palaeontological and relaxed-molecular-clock estimates for the time of cichlid origin that collectively reject the antiquity of the group required by the Gondwanan vicariance scenario. The distribution of cichlid fossil horizons, the age of stratigraphically consistent outgroup lineages to cichlids and relaxed-clock analysis of a DNA sequence dataset consisting of 10 nuclear genes all deliver overlapping estimates for crown cichlid origin centred on the Palaeocene (ca 65–57 Ma), substantially post-dating the tectonic fragmentation of Gondwana. Our results provide a revised macroevolutionary time scale for cichlids, imply a role for dispersal in generating the observed geographical distribution of this important model clade and add to a growing debate that questions the dominance of the vicariance paradigm of historical biogeography.
Upper-limb rehabilitation exercises acquired through 29 elastomer strain sensors placed on fabric
<p>A multivariate dataset obtained recording the stretch of various segments of the fabric of a sensorized garment while executing several rehabilitation exercises.</p> <p>Full description in P. Tormene, T. Giorgino, S. Quaglini, M. Stefanelli. <em>Matching incomplete time series with dynamic time warping: an algorithm and an application to post-stroke rehabilitation.</em> Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Volume 45, Issue 1, Pages 11-34, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2008.11.007 and in enclosed Readme file.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.