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FIGURE 19 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 19. Left fibula of Wiehenvenator albati in lateral (1), proximal (2), medial (3), anterior (4), and distal (6) views. 5, detail of proximal shaft of the fibula in medial view (stereophotographs). Abbreviations: d, depression; or, oblique ridge; re, raised edge; sw, swelling; tu, tubercle. Scale bar equals 100 mm (not for 5).

FIGURE 4 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 4. Tentative reconstruction of the skull of Wiehenvenator albati, with the recovered elements shown in their approximate relation to each other. Scale bar equals 10 cm.

FIGURE 3 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 3. Outline reconstruction of Wiehenvenator albati n. gen., n. sp., indicating recovered elements. Based on the reconstruction of Torvosaurus by Scott Hartman; used with permission. Scale bar equals 1 m.

FIGURE 1 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 1. Geographic and stratigraphic position of the locality where the new theropod was found. 1, Overview map of Germany, indicating the area of the locality of the new theropod in north-eastern Northrhine-Westphalia. 2, locality of the disused Pott quarry at Lutternsche Egge in the Wiehengebirge. 3, Simplified stratigraphic column of the rocks that crop out in the Wiehengebirge (E = east; W = west). Modified from Riegraf (1994). 4, Geological map of the area between Bünde and Minden. Middle Jurassic units, including the Ornatenton, are represented by the dullish dark green that follows the course of the Wiehengebirge; light blue-grey colours represent Upper Jurassic units; light green marks the Lower Cretaceous ('Wealden') outcrops; orange colours represent Upper Triassic rocks. From the Northrhine-Westphalian Geological Survey (www.gd.nrw.de).

FIGURE 2 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 2. Quarry map of the excavation at Lutternsche Egge, showing the position of the different elements of the new taxon in situ. Numbers refer to the specimen numbers of the separate elements (see text). Scale is in 50 cm increments.

FIGURE 24 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 24. Phylogenetic position of Wiehenvenator albati, based on an analysis of 62 taxa and 351 characters (see text for details). 1, strict consensus tree. 2, reduced consensus tree after the a posteriori exclusion of Streptospondylus.

FIGURE 16 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 16. Posterior mid-caudal vertebra of Wiehenvenator albati in anterior (1), lateral (2), and ventral (3; stereophotographs) views. Abbreviations as in Figures 14 and 15, and: vg, ventral groove. Scale bar equals 100 mm.

FIGURE 18 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 18. Manual phalanx (probably right phalanx III-1) of Wiehenvenator albati in medial (1), dorsal (2) and distal (3) views. Scale bar equals 50 mm.

FIGURE 9 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 9. Right lacrimal of Wiehenvenator albati in lateral (1; stereophotographs), medial (2), anterior (3; stereophotographs), posterior (4; stereophotographs), and dorsal (5) views. Abbreviations: af, antorbital fossa; d, depression; fo, foramen; lf, lacrimal fenestra; prf, facet for prefrontal; r, ridge. Scale bar equals 50 mm.

FIGURE 29 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 29. Number of Late Jurassic localities in which theropods have been recorded. The green portion of the column indicates how many of these occurrences are accounted for by the Morrison Formation.

FIGURE 15 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 15. Mid-caudal vertebra of Wiehenvenator albati in anterior (1) and lateral (2; stereophotographs) views. Abbreviations as in Figure 14, and: as, anterior spur. Scale bar equals 100 mm.

FIGURE 13 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 13. Dentition of Wiehenvenator albati. 1, replacement tooth in the 2nd maxillary alveolus; 2, functional tooth in the 4th maxillary alveolus; 3, probable maxillary tooth with partially preserved root (WMN P27459) in lingual view; 4-6, probable maxillary tooth with complete root (WMN P27483) in distal (4), lingual (5) and mesial (6) views; 7, mesial (posterior premaxillary or anterior dentary) tooth (WMN P27467) in labial(?) view; 8, maxillary or dentary tooth (WMN P27473) in labial(?) view; 9, detail of crown apex of WMN P27373, showing the carina that is continuous across the tip (mesial is to the left); 10-12, mesial (probably premaxillary) tooth (WMN P27456) in distal (10), labial (11) and mesial (12) views. Abbreviations: idp, interdental plates; pdl, paradental lamina. Scale bars equal 10 mm (1, 2) and 50 mm (3-12; not 9).

FIGURE 12 in A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic

FIGURE 12. Right dentary of Wiehenvenator albati in lateral (1), ventral (2), and medial (3) views. Scale bar equals 100 mm.

FIGURE 15 in Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications

FIGURE 15. Relative abundances of the glirid species within each glirid assemblage from Moncucco Torinese.

FIGURE 14 in Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications

FIGURE 14. Relative abundances of the families of small mammals (chiropeterans excluded) from Moncucco Torinese. Proportions are based on nNISP (normalized number of identified specimens, see Material and methods for further details). Castoridae and Hystricidae (not visible in the graph) are present only in samples MCC3 and MCC4 respectively with only a single specimen each and are not shown herein.

FIGURE 12. 1-3 in Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications

FIGURE 12. 1-3. Baranogale cf. helbingi from Moncucco Torinese. Left M1 (MGPT-PU136483). Mesial (reversed) (1), occlusal (2) and distal (3) views. Scale bar equals 1 mm.

FIGURE 10. Large mammal remains from Moncucco Torinese. 1-2 in Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications

FIGURE 10. Large mammal remains from Moncucco Torinese. 1-2. Pliocervus sp.: fragmentary skull (MGPT-PU 130574), medial (1) and lateral (2) views. Scale bar equals 10 mm.

FIGURE 8. Aves from Moncucco Torinese. 1 in Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications

FIGURE 8. Aves from Moncucco Torinese. 1. Palaeortyx cf. gallica: right carpometacarpus (MGPT-PU 127032), ventral view. 2. Coturnix sp.: left coracoid (MGPT-PU 130574), dorsal view. 3-4. Coliidae gen. et sp. indet.: right tarsometatarsus (MGPT-PU 127020), dorsal (3) and distal (4) views. 5,7,9. Strigidae gen. et sp. indet.: 5, right tibiotarsus (MGPT-PU 127018), cranial view; right tarsometatarsus (MGPT-PU 127019) in proximal (7) and dorsal (9) views. 6. Columbidae gen. et sp. indet.: right ulna (MGPT-PU 127017), ventral view. 8. Apodidae gen. et sp. indet.: left scapula (MGPT-PU 127014), lateral view. Scale bars equal 5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Reptiles from Moncucco Torinese. 1-2 in Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications

FIGURE 7. Reptiles from Moncucco Torinese. 1-2. Crocodylia indet.: isolated tooth (MGPT-PU 132316) in labial (1) and mesial (2) views. 3-4. Testudo sp: eight peripheral (MGPT-PU 132048) in external view (3) and pygal (MGPT-PU 132050) connected to the eleventh peripherals (MGPT-PU 132051-52) in external view (4). 5-8. Mauremys sp.: entoplastron (MGPT-PU 132059) in ventral view (5), right epiplastron (MGPT-PU 132320) in ventral view (6), pygal (MGPT-PU 132057) in external view (7) and tenth peripheral (MGPT-PU 132342) in external view (8). 9. cf. Euleptes sp.: left maxilla (MGPT-PU 132432) in lateral view. 10. Agamidae indet.: tooth bearing bone (MGPT-PU 132438) in lateral view. 11-12. non-Anguis Anguinae indet.: vertebra (MGPT-PU 132612) in dorsal (11) and ventral (12) views. 13- 16. cf. Lacerta sp.: right dentary (MGPT-PU 132501) in lateral (13) and medial (14) views and fused frontals (MGPTPU 132532) in dorsal (15) and ventral (16) views. 17-19. Amphisbaenia indet.: trunk vertebra (MGPT-PU 132593) in dorsal (17), ventral (18), and left lateral (19) views. 20. Scolecophidia indet.: trunk vertebra (MPUT-PU 132027) in left lateral view. 21-22. Eryx sp.: caudal vertebra (MGPT-PU 132626) in anterior (21) and left lateral (22) views; 23-25. Colubrines A: trunk vertebra (MPUT-PU 132662) in dorsal (23), ventral (24), and posterior (25) views. 26-28. Colubrines B: trunk vertebra (MPUT-PU 132663) in dorsal (26), ventral (27), and anterior (28) views. 29-30. Vipera sp. (Oriental group): trunk vertebra (MPUT-PU 1320661) in left lateral (29) and posterior (30) views. Scale bars equal 1 mm (1-2, 9-30) and 10 mm (3-6)

FIGURE 6. Amphibians from Moncucco Torinese. 1–2 in Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications

FIGURE 6. Amphibians from Moncucco Torinese. 1–2. Albanerpeton sp.: right dentary (MGPT-PU 132003) in medial (1) and dorsal (2) views. 3-5. Chelotriton sp.: trunk vertebra (MGPT-PU 132302) in anterior (3), dorsal (4) and left lateral (5) views. 6-7. Lissotriton sp.: trunk vertebra (MGPT-PU 132306) in dorsal (6) and posterior (7) views. 8. Bufo gr. B. viridis: left ilium (MGPT-PU 132177) in lateral view. 9. Pelophylax sp.: right ilium (MGPT-PU 132317) in lateral view. 10. Hyla gr. H. arborea: left ilium (MGPT-PU 132201) in lateral view. 11-12. Latonia sp.: left angular (MGPT-PU 132314) in ventral (11) and dorsal (12) views. 13-14. Pelobates sp.: left ilium (MGPT-PU 132308) in medial (13) and lateral (14) views. Scale bars equal 1 mm.