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Fig. 1 in Two new species of Indonemoura (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from Yunnan Province, China
Fig. 1. Indonemoura yingjiangensis Bai & Qian sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (SWFU). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Head and prothorax, ventral view. C. Terminalia, dorsal view. D. Terminalia, ventral view. E. Terminalia, lateral view.
Fig 35–42 in New synonymy and two new species of Caucasian moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Psychodinae) from Azerbaijan and Georgia
Fig 35–42. Thornburghiella salihi sp. nov., ♂. 35. Frons and facets in detail. 36. Terminal lobes of labium, dorsal view. 37. Cibarium, labrum and epipharynx, dorsal view. 38. Wing. 39. Epandrium, epandrial appendages, epiproct and hipoproct, dorsal view. 40. Gonopod, diagonal view. 41. Aedeagal complex and hypandrium, dorsal view. 42. Aedeagal complex in lateral view. Scale bars: 35–36, 40–41 = 0.1 mm; 37, 39, 42 = 0.2 mm; 38 = 1 mm.
Figs 9–20 in New synonymy and two new species of Caucasian moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Psychodinae) from Azerbaijan and Georgia
Figs 9–20. Pneumia fuehzulii sp. nov., ♂. 9. Frons and facets in detail. 10. Apical flagellomeres. 11. Cibarium, labrum and epipharynx, dorsal view. 12. Halter, lateral view. 13. Wing. 14. Epandrial appendages, lateral view. 15. Ventral epandrial plate in detail, dorsal view, epiproct, hypoproct (variability). 16. Hypandrium in detail, dorsal view. 17. Gonopod, lateral view. 18. Gonostylus, lateral view. 19. Aedeagal complex incl. parameres, dorsal view. 20. Same, lateral view. Scale bars: 9–10, 16 = 0.1 mm; 11–12, 14–15, 17–20 = 0.2 mm; 13 = 1 mm.
Figs 21–34 in New synonymy and two new species of Caucasian moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Psychodinae) from Azerbaijan and Georgia
Figs 21–34. Thornburghiella salihi sp. nov., ♂. 21. Head, frontal view. 22. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres, ascoids. 23. Apical flagellomeres. 24. Pedicel, basal two flagellomeres (variability). 25. Fusion of apical flagellomeres (variability). 26. Maxilla and palpus maxillaris. 27. Thoracic sclerites, lateral view. 28. Halter, lateral view. 29. Tarsal claw of P1, lateral view. 30. Epandrial appendages, lateral view. 31. Aedeagal complex, gonopods and hypandrium, dorsal view. 32. Gonopod, lateral view. 33. Basiphallus, dorsal view (variability). 34. Distiphallus, dorsal view (variability). Scale bars: 21, 27–28 = 0.3 mm; 22–24, 31–34 = 0.1 mm; 25–26, 30 = 0.2 mm; 29 = 0.03 mm.
Figs 1–8 in New synonymy and two new species of Caucasian moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Psychodinae) from Azerbaijan and Georgia
Figs 1–8. Pneumia fuehzulii sp. nov., ♂. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 3. Maxilla and palpus maxillaris. 4. Terminal lobes of labium, dorsal view. 5. Thoracic sclerites, lateral view. 6. Tarsal claw of P 1, lateral view. 7. Epandrium and epandrial appendages, dorsal view. 8. Aedeagal complex, gonopod and hypandrium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1, 3, 7–8 = 0.2 mm; 2, 4 = 0.1 mm; 5 = 0.5 mm; 6 = 0.03 mm.
FIG. 6. — Tovomita saulensis J in The maximum and the minimum: two new species of Tovomita Aubl. (Clusiaceae) from the Guiana Shield with an unusual number of stamens
FIG. 6. — Tovomita saulensis J.Engel & Molino, sp. nov.: A, male inflorescence; B, staminate floral bud dissected: androecium (top left), sepals (top right), petals (bottom); C, detail of pistillode (red circle) and stamens; D, detail of leaf venation; A, Mori et al. 24002; B, C, D, Phillippe et al. 26984. Photographs by Julien Engel. Scale bars: A, D, 5 mm; B, C, 1 mm.
FIG. 2 in The maximum and the minimum: two new species of Tovomita Aubl. (Clusiaceae) from the Guiana Shield with an unusual number of stamens
FIG. 2. — Tovomita maxima Molino & J.Engel, sp. nov.: A, male inflorescence; B, fruit; C, open fruit showing four seeds (one seed missing); D, seeds (two with the red aril removed, one in longitudinal section); A, Sabatier & Fonty 5595; B-D, no voucher. A-D, Photographs by Daniel Sabatier.
FIG. 3 in The maximum and the minimum: two new species of Tovomita Aubl. (Clusiaceae) from the Guiana Shield with an unusual number of stamens
FIG. 3. — Tovomita maxima Molino & J.Engel, sp. nov.: A, gynoecium; B, pistillate flower (perianth missing); C, outer sepals; D, staminate floral buds (note calyptrate bracteoles); E; two inner sepals (top left) and seven petals; F, androecium; C, E, F, from dissected staminate floral bud; A, B, Larpin 1057; C, E, F, Clarke 7145; D, Tostain et al. 2488. Photographs by Julien Engel. Scale bars: A-E, 5 mm; F, 2 mm.
FIG. 4 in The maximum and the minimum: two new species of Tovomita Aubl. (Clusiaceae) from the Guiana Shield with an unusual number of stamens
FIG. 4. — Distribution of Tovomita maxima Molino & J.Engel, sp. nov. (·) and Tovomita saulensis J.Engel & Molino, sp. nov. (*).
FIG. 5. — Tovomita saulensis J in The maximum and the minimum: two new species of Tovomita Aubl. (Clusiaceae) from the Guiana Shield with an unusual number of stamens
FIG. 5. — Tovomita saulensis J.Engel & Molino, sp. nov.: A, leaf adaxial surface (left), abaxial surface (right); B, stem with male inflorescence; C, part of male inflorescence; D, staminate floral bud; E, detail of stamens (left), detail of pistillode and stamens (right); F, immature fruits; G, transverse section of immature fruit apical rostrum (i.e., remaining styles and stigmas); H, sepals (from dissected bud); I, petals (from dissected bud); A, D, E, Phillippe et al. 26984; B, C, H, I, Mori et al. 24002; F, G, Mori & Pipoly 15551. Drawn by Laurence Ramon. Scale bars: A, B, F, 1 cm; C, 5 mm; D, E, G-I, 1 mm.
FIG. 1 in The maximum and the minimum: two new species of Tovomita Aubl. (Clusiaceae) from the Guiana Shield with an unusual number of stamens
FIG. 1. — Tovomita maxima Molino & J.Engel, sp. nov.: A, stem with male inflorescence; B, part of male inflorescence; C, staminate flower; D, detail of stamens; E, staminate floral bud longitudinal section (note the pistillode in the middle); F, pistillate flower (perianth missing); G, petals (from dissected bud); H, gynoecium (left), ovary transverse section (right); I, pistillate flower apical view; J, detail of staminodes; K; staminate floral bud (note calyptrate bracteoles); L, fruit medial section (left), fruit lateral view (right); A, B, Sabatier & Fonty 5595; C-E, K, Tostain et al. 2488; F, H-J, Larpin 1057; G, Sabatier & Molino 5153; L, Granville & Crozier 13646 (left), Henkel 4994 (right). Drawn by Laurence Ramon. Scale bars: A, B, I, 2 cm; C, 1 cm; D-I, K, 5 mm; J, 1 mm.
All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase (PAH) tetramer to investigate the impact of two novel heterozygous mutations, p.Y198N and p.Y204F, observed in a classical phenylketonuria patient
<p>Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase (PAH) tetramer system (Robetta modelling to complete the structure with template PDB ID: 6hyc) with parametrised BH<sub>4</sub> ligand (parameters are available in the dataset) and Fe(II) metal ions in a TIP3P water box ionised with 0.15 M KCl were presented as wild-type and carrying two novel mutations as Y198N on dimeric chains A and B, and Y204F on dimeric chains C and D. In addition, E353 and E422 are protonated as predicted by PROPKA. BH<sub>4</sub> molecule parametrization was performed by using GAFF, Antechamber and “amb2chm_par.py” program of Amber2018.</p> <p>5,000-step minimization and 1 ns equilibration were performed by fixing the protein to relax the system. Then, another 5,000-step minimization and 1 ns equilibration were performed without any constraints, except the SHAKE algorithm on water molecules, to relax the protein and system. The production simulations were performed along 100 ns trajectory at 310 K collected under NpT ensemble.</p> <p>All system preparation and simulation details for this dataset is available with the related background, results and conclusions in the following article:</p> <p>Tolga Aslan, Aslı Yenenler-Kutlu, Umut Gerlevik, Ayşe Çiğdem Aktuğlu Zeybek, Ertuğrul Kıykım, Osman Uğur Sezerman & Necla Birgul Iyison (2021) Identifying and elucidating the roles of Y198N and Y204F mutations in the PAH enzyme through molecular dynamic simulations, Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2021.1921619">10.1080/07391102.2021.1921619</a></p>
Fig. 5. Machaerotypus nodulus Li in Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae)
Fig. 5. Machaerotypus nodulus Li & Chen sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (IEGU). A–C. Habitus in frontal, lateral and dorsal view. D. Forewing. E. Hind wing. Scale bars: A–C = 1 mm; D–E = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 4. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li in Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae)
Fig. 4. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li & Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (IEGU). A–B. Genitalia in lateral and ventral view. C. Sternite VII, ventral view. D. First valvulae, lateral view. E. Second valvulae, lateral view. F. Third valvulae (gonoplac), lateral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 3. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li in Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae)
Fig. 3. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li & Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). A, C, D. Genitalia in lateral, posterior and ventral view. B, E. Aedeagus, posterior and lateral view. F. Style, dorsal view. G. Lateral plate. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 2. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li in Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae)
Fig. 2. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li & Chen sp. nov. A. Paratype, ♂ (IEGU), forewing. B. Paratype, ♀ (IEGU), forewing. C. Paratype, ♀ (IEGU), hind wing. Scale bars: A–C = 0.5 mm. a–e = white parts.
Fig. 1. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li in Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae)
Fig. 1. Machaerotypus stigmosus Li & Chen sp. nov. A, C, E. Paratype, ♀ (IEGU), habitus in dorsal, frontal and lateral view. B, D, F. Paratype, ♂ (IEGU), habitus in dorsal, frontal and lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 7 in Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae)
Fig. 7. Geographic distribution of species of Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896: 1. M. arisanus (Kato, 1928). 2. M. camelliae Chou & Yuan, 1981. 3. M. ishiharai Kato, 1940. 4. M. mali Chou & Yuan, 1981. 5. M. rubronigris Funkhouser, 1938. 6. M. rubromarginatus Kato, 1940. 7. M. semirubronigris Yuan & Chou, 1992. 8. M. sibiricus (Lethierry, 1876). 9. M. subinermis Lindberg, 1927. 10. M. taibaiensis Yuan, 2002. 11. M. yananensis Chou & Yuan, 1981. 12. M. stigmosus Li & Chen sp. nov. 13. M. nodulus Li & Chen sp. nov.
Рис. 1–7. Illidops vitobiasi sp. n. (1阶) и I. urgens sp. n. (7). 1 — голова спереди; 2ₗ голова сверху; 3ₗ часть переднего крыла; 4 часть Заднего крыла; 5, 7ₗ ㆖3- й тергиты брюшка; 㘠— вершина брюшка и Яйцеклад сбоку. in Two new species of Illidops Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Turkmenia, Kazakhstan and Russia
Рис. 1–7. Illidops vitobiasi sp. n. (1阶) и I. urgens sp. n. (7). 1 — голова спереди; 2ₗ голова сверху; 3ₗ часть переднего крыла; 4 часть Заднего крыла; 5, 7ₗ ㆖3- й тергиты брюшка; 㘠— вершина брюшка и Яйцеклад сбоку.
Great tits (Parus major) flexibly learn that herbivore-induced plant volatiles indicate prey location – an experimental evidence with two tree species
<p>1. When searching for food, great tits (Parus major) can use herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) as an indicator of arthropod presence. Their ability to detect HIPVs was shown to be learned, and not innate, yet the flexibility and generalization of learning remains unclear. 2. We studied if, and if so how, naïve and trained great tits (Parus major) discriminate between herbivore-induced and non-induced saplings of Scotch elm (Ulmus glabra) and cattley guava (Psidium cattleyanum). We chemically analysed the used plants and showed that their HIPVs differed significantly and overlapped only in a few compounds. 3. Birds trained to discriminate between herbivore-induced and non-induced saplings preferred the herbivore-induced saplings of the plant species they were trained to. Naïve birds did not show any preferences. Our results indicate that the attraction of great tits to herbivore-induced plants is not innate, rather it is a skill that can be acquired through learning, one tree species at a time. 4. We demonstrate that the ability to learn to associate HIPVs with food reward is flexible, expressed to both tested plant species, even if the plant species has not coevolved with the bird species (i.e. guava). Our results imply that the birds are not capable of generalising HIPVs among tree species but suggest that they either learn to detect individual compounds or associate whole bouquets with food rewards.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.