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FIGURE 5 in Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean
FIGURE 5. Shape space: principal components of Procrustes-aligned, scale-adjusted shape space (= relative warps); 99% confidence limits shown for each species, the dots indicate the centroid value for each species; the dashed line in the Membras martinica ellipse demarcates the area of the ellipse occupied by individuals less than 45 mm SL. The ellipses are: 1 Membras martinca; 2 M. analis; 3 M. dissimilis; 4. M. procera sp. nov.; 5 M. argentea; 6 M. pygmaea sp. nov.
FIGURE 2 in Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean
FIGURE 2. Map of Honduras to northern Colombia showing the localities for Membras pygmaea sp. nov., Brus Lagoon, Honduras and M. procera sp. nov., Gulf of Urabá, Colombia.
FIGURE 4 in Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean
FIGURE 4. Outline of Membras pygmaea sp. nov., showing the landmarks that were digitized. The dashed line on the ventral side indicates the location of the anal pore. The digitized landmarks: 1 tip of snout; 2 posterior margin of occiput; 3 origin of spinous dorsal fin; 4 origin of second dorsal fin; 5 terminus of second dorsal fin; 6 posterior margin of hypural plate; 7 terminus of anal fin; 8 origin of anal fin; 9 insertion of pelvic fin; 10 posterior bony margin of head; 11 insertion of pectoral fin; 12 posterior extent of gular region; 13 posterior margin of orbit; 14 anterior margin of orbit; 15 posterior margin of upper jaw.
FIGURE 1 in Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean
FIGURE 1. Map of southern Central America and South America showing the distribution of the miniature species of the Membras martinica species-group as follows: (i) star—M. pygmaea sp. nov., Brus Lagoon, Honduras; (ii) triangle—M. procera sp. nov., Gulf of Urabá, Colombia; (iii) circle—M. argentea, off Sabanilla, Colombia; (iv) arrow—M. analis, off Lago Maracaibo, Venezuela; and (v) square—M. dissimilis, off Cananéia, Brazil.
FIGURE 3. A in Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean
FIGURE 3. A. Membras pygmaea sp. nov., holotype, FMNH 117282, 40.2 mm SL. B. Membras procera sp. nov., holotype, ANSP 153427, 36.6 mm SL.
FIGURE 6 in Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean
FIGURE 6. Deformation grids among landmarks for the shape space in Figure 5. The vectors coming off the grids indicate: i) the magnitude of the changes such that individuals with higher scores (to the right of PC1 or the top of PC2) are enlarged morphologically; and ii) the directions of the displacement of the landmarks.
Nonlinear Height-DBH model analysis for three tropical tree species in Mt. Makiling, Philippines
<p>The study was conducted to develop the H-DBH models of three species in Mt. Makiling. Six H-DBH models (CR, EX, KF, ML, SC, and WE) were used to derive and estimate the height of three species in Mt. Makilingsix H-DBH models (CR, EX, KF, ML, SC, and WE) were used to derive and estimate the height of three species. Based on the evaluation criteria including R<sup>2</sup>, RMSE, Ē, AMD, AIC, and AIC<sub>w</sub>, the performance of the WE model was determined to be the best in predicting the height of <i>P. malaanonan</i> species while the performance of the KL model was the best both for the <i>D. </i><i>paniculatus,</i> and <i>C. luzonica</i> species. </p>
FIGURE 11 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 11. Scatter plot graphics of correlations of some parameters of the advertisement calls of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (A) Note duration and number of pulses. (B) Note duration and pulse period. (C) Pulse rate and air temperature. (D) Note rate and air temperature. (E) Note duration and air temperature. (F) Dominant frequency and snout-vent length.
FIGURE 12 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 12. Agonistic calls of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. Read from top to bottom. (A) Two males (unvouchered), Ilha Pequena, municipality of Camamu, state of Bahia, Brazil. Waveform and spectrogram of three short agonistic calls (aggressive calls, FonoZoo 12711); the first and fourth notes are advertisement calls. Waveform, spectrogram, and power spectrum of the note selected: the last one; the black arrow in the spectrogram indicates the position measured for the power spectrum. (B) Two males in amplexus with one female (the one below); the red arrow indicates the displacer male. Waveform and spectrogram of two long agonistic calls (FonoZoo 12712) in response to short agonistic calls (the shorter duration notes preceding the longer ones). Waveform, spectrogram, and power spectrum of the selected note: the first one. (C) Two males in amplexus. Waveform and spectrogram of three short agonistic calls (release calls, FonoZoo 12713, ZUEC-VID 899) emitted by the male below. Waveform, spectrogram, and power spectrum of a selected note: the last one; the red arrow in the spectrogram indicates the position measured for the power spectrum. The light green orthogonal line in the power spectrums (lower) indicates the dominant frequencies of the notes.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 7. Variation in the color pattern of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. in living and freshly euthanized specimens from localities in the state of Bahia, Brazil. From left to right: natural position view of living specimens; hidden surfaces of thighs; flanks, inguinal region, and anterior surface of thighs; and body in ventral view. (A) MZUESC 20324 (paratype, male). (B) MZUESC 20413 (paratype, male). (C) MZUESC 20421 (paratype, male). (D) MZUESC 20420 (paratype, female).
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4. Holotype of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (MZUESC 20440). Nuptial pad of the left hand in (A) ventral and (B) dorsal views.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 8. Variation in the color pattern of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. in living specimens from the municipalities of Guaramiranga and Pacoti, state of Ceará, Brazil. Unvouchered male specimen from Pacoti in (A, C) lateral, (B) dorsal, and (D) ventral views; (C) showing the inguinal region's color pattern. Unvouchered female from Guaramiranga in (E) dorsolateral view. Unvouchered males from Guaramiranga in (F) dorsolateral view and (G) showing the inguinal region's color pattern. Photos A–D courtesy of Ciro Albano.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 3. Holotype of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (MZUESC 20440). Right hand in (A) ventral and (B) dorsal views. Right foot in (C) ventral view.
FIGURE 10 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 10. Variation of the advertisement call of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. Waveform (upper), spectrogram (central) and power spectrum (lower) from a single call. (A) MZUESC 20197, paratype, Ilha Pequena, municipality Camamu, state of Bahia, Brazil. (B) MZUESC 20228, paratype, Ilha Grande, municipality Camamu, state of Bahia, Brazil. (C) MZUESC 20446, paratype, Fazenda Provis"o, municipality Ilhéus, state of Bahia, Brazil. (D) Unvouchered specimen, Parque das Trilhas, municipality of Guaramiranga, state of Ceará, Brazil (FonoZoo 12710). The light green orthogonal line in the power spectrums (lower) indicates the dominant frequency of the notes.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (MZUESC 20440). Head in (A) profile, (B) dorsal, and (C) ventral views.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 5. Holotype of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (MZUESC 20440). Individual in life (A) during daylight period and (B) hidden in a tree bark hole in calling activity at night. Freshly euthanized individual showing the color pattern in (C) dorsolateral, (D) ventral, and (E) ventrolateral views.
FIGURE 14 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 14. Geographic distribution of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. The numbers in the map indicate the localities where S. tropicalia occurs in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Ceará. (1) Serra do Baurité, Pacoti, Ceará (-4.244791°, -38.921142°). (2) Parque das Trilhas, Guaramiranga, Ceará. (3) Serra da Jibóia, Elisio Medrado, Bahia. (4) Estaç"o Ecológica Wenceslau Guimar"es, Wenceslau Guimar"es, Bahia. (5) Estrada para Piraí do Norte, Gandu, Bahia. (6) Reserva Ecológica Michelin, Igrapiúna, Bahia (-13.83°, -39.17°; Mira-Mendes et al. 2018). (7) Morro do Mara, Jitaúna, Bahia. (8) Ilha Grande, Camamu, Bahia. (9) Ilha Pequena, Camamu, Bahia. (10) Piracanga, Maraú, Bahia. (11) RPPN Fazenda Capit"o, Itacaré, Bahia. (12) Parque Estadual Serra do Conduru, Uruçuca, Bahia. (13) Fazenda Bonfim, Uruçuca, Bahia. (14) Fazenda Provis"o, Ilhéus, Bahia. (15) Fazenda Bom Pastor, Ilheús, Bahia. (16, red star, type locality) Campus Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilheús, Bahia. (17) Fazenda Santo Antônio, Ibicaraí, Bahia. (18) Parque Nacional Serra das Lontras, Arataca, Bahia. (19) RPPN Serra Bonita, Camacan, Bahia. See the Species account section for coordinates.
FIGURE 9 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 9. Advertisement call of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (holotype, MZUESC 20440, FonoZoo 12706). (A) Waveform of a series of five notes. (B) Waveform (upper), spectrogram (central), and power spectrum (lower) of one note with 14 pulses. Notice the presence of five pulse sub-units of discrete amplitude peaks in each pulse, except for the first one. The light green orthogonal line in the power spectrum (lower) indicates the dominant frequency of the note.
FIGURE 15 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 15. Habitats of Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (A, B) Serra de Baturité, municipality of Guaramiranga, state of Ceará, Brazil. (C) Campus of the Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), municipality of Ilhéus, state of Bahia, Brazil. (D) Ilha Pequena, municipality of Camamu, state of Bahia, Brazil.
FIGURE 17 in A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 17. Comparisons between advertisement calls of Scinax hayii, S. perereca, and S. tropicalia sp. nov. (A) Scinax hayii (unvouchered specimen), municipality of Teresópolis, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Waveform, spectrogram, and power spectrum of one note of the advertisement call (FonoZoo 12930). In detail, waveform showing a series of six pulses. (B) Scinax perereca (CCLZU 3227), type locality in the municipality of Ribeir"o Branco, state of S"o Paulo, Brazil. Waveform, spectrogram, and power spectrum of one note of the advertisement call (FNJV 11885). In detail, waveform showing of a series of six pulses. (C) S. tropicalia sp. nov. (MZUESC 20413, male paratype). Waveform, spectrogram, and power spectrum of one note of the advertisement call (FonoZoo 12700). In detail, waveform showing a series of five pulses. The light green orthogonal line in the power spectrums (lower) indicates the dominant frequencies of the notes. Photo and recording call in A courtesy of Leandro Drummond. Photo B courtesy of Paulo H. Silva.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.