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Text-fig. 43. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy SRXTM images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 2"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the apical projection of the carpels and the semiinferior organization; b) Apical view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the triangular shape of the hypanthial rim, the tricarpellate ovary with a single apical style; note that one locule is fully developed while the other two are collapsed; note also slits of unknown nature in the corners of the triangular hypanthial rim (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0712) close to the floral apex showing the locule of the one fully developed carpel with ovules borne along ventral placentae; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; d) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0858) through the locule of the one fully developed carpel showing the semi-inferior organization and ovules arranged along the full length of the carpel; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; e) Tangential longitudinal section (orthoslice yz1019) through the one fully developed locule, showing the densely packed ovules and the amorphous substance (asterisk) with which they are associated. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174901 (a–e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms

Text-fig. 43. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy SRXTM images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 2"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the apical projection of the carpels and the semiinferior organization; b) Apical view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the triangular shape of the hypanthial rim, the tricarpellate ovary with a single apical style; note that one locule is fully developed while the other two are collapsed; note also slits of unknown nature in the corners of the triangular hypanthial rim (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0712) close to the floral apex showing the locule of the one fully developed carpel with ovules borne along ventral placentae; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; d) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0858) through the locule of the one fully developed carpel showing the semi-inferior organization and ovules arranged along the full length of the carpel; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; e) Tangential longitudinal section (orthoslice yz1019) through the one fully developed locule, showing the densely packed ovules and the amorphous substance (asterisk) with which they are associated. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174901 (a–e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e).

Text-fig. 42. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d, f–g) images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Flower bud in two different lateral views showing semiinferior ovary and perianth; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0340) through flower bud in (a and b) showing the semi-inferior gynoecium and perigynous insertion of other floral parts; d) Volume rendering of flower bud with pedicel preserved; note the depression/split in one of the corner apparently separating two perianth lobes of the outer perianth whorl (t-o) and exposing one tepal of the inner whorl (t-i); e) Flower bud with pedicel preserved; note broad tepals of the outer whorl (t-o) and tepal of the inner whorl abraded exposing a broad stamen (st); f, g) Transverse sections through flower bud in (a and b) at two different levels above the insertion of the perianth (f, rec-file 1310; g, xy0280) showing the trimerous organization of the flower and the free, laterally flattened carpels; yellow indicates the two whorls of the androecium, each with three stamens. Specimens, Catefica 50-S171520 (a–c, f), Catefica 50-S174902 (d), Catefica MM154-P0271 (e), Catefica 49-S175354 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms

Text-fig. 42. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d, f–g) images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Flower bud in two different lateral views showing semiinferior ovary and perianth; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0340) through flower bud in (a and b) showing the semi-inferior gynoecium and perigynous insertion of other floral parts; d) Volume rendering of flower bud with pedicel preserved; note the depression/split in one of the corner apparently separating two perianth lobes of the outer perianth whorl (t-o) and exposing one tepal of the inner whorl (t-i); e) Flower bud with pedicel preserved; note broad tepals of the outer whorl (t-o) and tepal of the inner whorl abraded exposing a broad stamen (st); f, g) Transverse sections through flower bud in (a and b) at two different levels above the insertion of the perianth (f, rec-file 1310; g, xy0280) showing the trimerous organization of the flower and the free, laterally flattened carpels; yellow indicates the two whorls of the androecium, each with three stamens. Specimens, Catefica 50-S171520 (a–c, f), Catefica 50-S174902 (d), Catefica MM154-P0271 (e), Catefica 49-S175354 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e).

Text-fig. 44. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d) images of "Hexacarpellate flower". a) Lateral view of flower showing epigynous organization with remains of tepals inserted at top of the hypanthium; b) Detail of apical part of flower showing laminar structures (arrows) that may be stamen bases, adhering to, or fused with, the tepals; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0540) of flower through the median plane showing the epigynous organization and central axis with ovules (arrows); d) Transverse section (orthoslice xy1250) through the ovary of the flower showing the hexagonal outline, the six locules and ovules (arrows) borne near the center of the gynoecium. Specimen, Catefica 153-S174313 (a–d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c), 100 Μm (b, d). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms

Text-fig. 44. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d) images of "Hexacarpellate flower". a) Lateral view of flower showing epigynous organization with remains of tepals inserted at top of the hypanthium; b) Detail of apical part of flower showing laminar structures (arrows) that may be stamen bases, adhering to, or fused with, the tepals; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0540) of flower through the median plane showing the epigynous organization and central axis with ovules (arrows); d) Transverse section (orthoslice xy1250) through the ovary of the flower showing the hexagonal outline, the six locules and ovules (arrows) borne near the center of the gynoecium. Specimen, Catefica 153-S174313 (a–d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c), 100 Μm (b, d).

Text-fig. 26. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of Elasmostemon paisii gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and laminar stamens with monocolpate reticulate pollen sp. (d–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with basal portion missing showing two pairs of pollen sacs on one surface of the stamen close to the margin and separated by a broad connective, except near the apex where the thecae meet; note that the thecae are dehisced with the walls of the pollen sacs curled back; b) Pollen grains inside a dehisced pollen sac; note variation in size and development of the reticulum; c) Detail of (b) showing monocolpate, reticulate pollen with lumen of reticulum varying markedly in size but partly obscured by residual organic material; d) Stamen with apical and basal part of anther preserved showing two pairs of pollen sacs (asterisks) on the curved, perhaps ventral, surface close to the stamen margin; e) Detail of crack in the anther showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size; f) Pollen exposed in the crack in the anther; note coarsely foveolate to coarsely reticulate pollen wall and densely spaced orbicules; g) Folded pollen grains with reticulate pollen wall and also showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size. Specimens, Catefica 49-S172560 (a–c), Catefica 50- S170384 (d–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, d), 20 Μm (b, e), 6 Μm (c, f, g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms

Text-fig. 26. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of Elasmostemon paisii gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and laminar stamens with monocolpate reticulate pollen sp. (d–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with basal portion missing showing two pairs of pollen sacs on one surface of the stamen close to the margin and separated by a broad connective, except near the apex where the thecae meet; note that the thecae are dehisced with the walls of the pollen sacs curled back; b) Pollen grains inside a dehisced pollen sac; note variation in size and development of the reticulum; c) Detail of (b) showing monocolpate, reticulate pollen with lumen of reticulum varying markedly in size but partly obscured by residual organic material; d) Stamen with apical and basal part of anther preserved showing two pairs of pollen sacs (asterisks) on the curved, perhaps ventral, surface close to the stamen margin; e) Detail of crack in the anther showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size; f) Pollen exposed in the crack in the anther; note coarsely foveolate to coarsely reticulate pollen wall and densely spaced orbicules; g) Folded pollen grains with reticulate pollen wall and also showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size. Specimens, Catefica 49-S172560 (a–c), Catefica 50- S170384 (d–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, d), 20 Μm (b, e), 6 Μm (c, f, g).

Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms

Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b).

Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, c–f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b, g) images of the flower of Mugideiriflora portugallica (a, b) and fruits, seeds and pollen of Canrightia resinifera (c–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Oblique, apical view of flower showing multiparted organization with numerous laminar tepals, stamens that are rhomboidal and flattened in transverse section and carpels that are borne on the short conical apex of the receptacle; b) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0800) through basal part of flower showing the elongate bases of the laminar tepals and the flattened rhomboidal bases of the stamens; c) Fruit in lateral view showing irregular surface resulting from the abundant resin bodies in the fruit and hypanthium wall, scars from stamens on the rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and the lobed apical stigmatic region (st); d) Broken fruit with one or two seeds missing but showing three pendant, orthotropous seeds with pointed micropylar regions (mi) and a finely pitted crystalliferous endotesta; note the remains of the apical vascular bundles (vb); e) Single seed isolated from a fruit showing two distinct bundles (vb) still attached apically to the chalazal region of the seed, the pointed micropyle (mi) and the finely pitted surface of the crystalliferous endotesta; f) Monocolpate pollen from stigmatic region of fruit showing the long colpus and coarse reticulum; g) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0705) through a fruit showing four seeds all with radially elongated endothelium cells formed from the inner epidermis of the tegmen (asterisks). Specimens, Catefica 150-S174254 (a, b), Catefica 49-S170377 (c), Catefica 49-S170372 (d), Catefica 50-S170401 (e), Catefica 50-S170404 (f), Catefica 50-S174906 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e, g), 6 Μm (f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms

Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, c–f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b, g) images of the flower of Mugideiriflora portugallica (a, b) and fruits, seeds and pollen of Canrightia resinifera (c–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Oblique, apical view of flower showing multiparted organization with numerous laminar tepals, stamens that are rhomboidal and flattened in transverse section and carpels that are borne on the short conical apex of the receptacle; b) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0800) through basal part of flower showing the elongate bases of the laminar tepals and the flattened rhomboidal bases of the stamens; c) Fruit in lateral view showing irregular surface resulting from the abundant resin bodies in the fruit and hypanthium wall, scars from stamens on the rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and the lobed apical stigmatic region (st); d) Broken fruit with one or two seeds missing but showing three pendant, orthotropous seeds with pointed micropylar regions (mi) and a finely pitted crystalliferous endotesta; note the remains of the apical vascular bundles (vb); e) Single seed isolated from a fruit showing two distinct bundles (vb) still attached apically to the chalazal region of the seed, the pointed micropyle (mi) and the finely pitted surface of the crystalliferous endotesta; f) Monocolpate pollen from stigmatic region of fruit showing the long colpus and coarse reticulum; g) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0705) through a fruit showing four seeds all with radially elongated endothelium cells formed from the inner epidermis of the tegmen (asterisks). Specimens, Catefica 150-S174254 (a, b), Catefica 49-S170377 (c), Catefica 49-S170372 (d), Catefica 50-S170401 (e), Catefica 50-S170404 (f), Catefica 50-S174906 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e, g), 6 Μm (f).

Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of staminate inflorescences and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminate inflorescences composed of numerous tetrasporangiate stamens; each stamen lacks a filament and there is no clear indication of other floral organs; note apparently paired arrangement of stamens in (b) (asterisks); c) Pollen in situ in anther from specimen in (a) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d) Detail of pollen from specimen in (a) showing narrow muri with beaded surface ornamentation; e) Distal and proximal views of pollen in situ in an anther fragment; f) Orbicules attached to surface of in situ pollen from anther fragment. Specimens, Catefica M282-P0341 (holotype, a, c, d), Catefica 150-S174257 (b), Catefica 50-S170393 (e, f). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 6 Μm (c, e), 1.5 Μm (d, f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms

Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of staminate inflorescences and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminate inflorescences composed of numerous tetrasporangiate stamens; each stamen lacks a filament and there is no clear indication of other floral organs; note apparently paired arrangement of stamens in (b) (asterisks); c) Pollen in situ in anther from specimen in (a) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d) Detail of pollen from specimen in (a) showing narrow muri with beaded surface ornamentation; e) Distal and proximal views of pollen in situ in an anther fragment; f) Orbicules attached to surface of in situ pollen from anther fragment. Specimens, Catefica M282-P0341 (holotype, a, c, d), Catefica 150-S174257 (b), Catefica 50-S170393 (e, f). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 6 Μm (c, e), 1.5 Μm (d, f).

Raw data files for the manuscript entitled "Hybridization of Synthetic Humins with a Metal–Organic Framework for Precious Metal Recovery and Reuse"

Datasets for the data presented in the manuscript entitled "Hybridization of Synthetic Humins with a Metal–Organic Framework for Precious Metal Recovery and Reuse" published in ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces.

Data for "Segmenting functional tissue units across human organs using community-driven development of generalizable machine learning algorithms"

This repository contains the data and external data used by teams in the Kaggle competition "HuBMAP+HPA - Hacking the Human Body" and is part of the paper "Segmenting functional tissue units across human organs using community-driven development of generalizable machine learning algorithms". The directories contain: data.zip: The training and test data, including metadata, used in the Kaggle competition "HuBMAP + HPA - Hacking the Human Body". Team_1.zip: External data used by the first place winning solution. Team_2.zip: External data used by the second place winning solution.

Trained Models for "Segmenting functional tissue units across human organs using community-driven development of generalizable machine learning algorithms"

This repository contains the trained model weights for the baseline model and the winning solutions in the Kaggle competition "HuBMAP+HPA - Hacking the Human Body", and is part of the paper "Segmenting functional tissue units across human organs using community-driven development of generalizable machine learning algorithms". The directory contains: trained_model_1_weights.zip: Trained model weights for first place solution (Team 1). trained_model_2_weights.zip: Trained model weights for second place solution (Team 2). trained_model_3_weights.zip: Trained model weights for third place solution (Team 3). trained_model_weights_baseline.zip: Trained model weights for the baseline model.

Datasets of Antiaromatic COFs associated with the publication "Antiaromatic Covalent Organic Frameworks Based on Dibenzopentalenes"

X-ray scattering and sorption data associated with the publication "Antiaromatic Covalent Organic Frameworks Based on Dibenzopentalenes". X-ray scattering data is provided for COF and POP materials, including data from stability tests, as three-column ascii files with columns q (nm-1), I (m-1) and uncertainty on I, as well as being provided in 2θ.

Datasets of evaluated Covalent Organic Frameworks for photocatalysis

We developed a workflow to evaluate covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for photocatalysis. As an input, we chose the CURATED COFs (doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.24435/materialscloud:z6-jn">10.24435/materialscloud:z6-jn</a>), a database of experimental COFs. We performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and post-processed the result with in-house codes available on GitHub (see <a href="https://github.com/bmourino/cof_photocatalysis">GitHub repository</a>). The dataset in cofs_descriptors.csv is the full dataset with all of our computed descriptors, and an application was developed to allow for interactively exploring the results (see <a href="https://github.com/bmourino/cofs_photocat_app">GitHub repository</a>). The bootstrapped_statistics.csv is the result of the statistical analysis with DABEST (Data Analysis with Bootstrap-coupled ESTimation, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0470-3">10.1038/s41592-019-0470-3</a>).

Chemical imaging of organic materials with MeV SIMS using a continuous collimated ion beam

MeV SIMS is a type of secondary ion mass spectrometry technique (SIMS) where molecules are desorbed from the sample surface with ions of MeV energies. In this work, we present a novel system for molecular imaging of organic materials using a continuous analytical beam and a start trigger for timing based on the detection of secondary electrons. The sample is imaged by the collimated primary ion beam and scanning of the target with a lateral resolution of ~ 20 µm. The mass of the analysed molecules is determined with a reflectron type time-of-flight (TOF) analyser, where the START signal for the TOF measurement is generated by the secondary electrons emitted from the thin carbon foil (~ 5 nm) placed over the beam collimator. With this new configuration of the MeV SIMS setup, a primary ion beam with the highest possible electronic stopping can be used (i.e., highest secondary molecular yield), and samples of any thickness can be analysed. Since the electrons are collected from the thin foil rather than from the sample surface, the detection efficiency of secondary electrons is always the same for any type of analysed material. Due to the ability to scan the samples by piezo stage, samples of a few cm in surface size can be imaged. The imaging capabilities of MeV SIMS are demonstrated on crossing ink lines deposited on the paper, a thin section of a mouse brain and on a fingerprint deposited on a thick Si wafer to show the potential application of the presented technique for analytical purposes in biology and forensics science.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Carbon and mineral data of organic matter fractions in Siberian Yedoma permafrost

This file contains carbon and mineral data of organic matter fractions obtained from two permafrost drill cores L14-02 (73.33616° N; 141.32776° E) and L14-05 (73.34994° N; 141.24156° E) from Bol’shoy Lyakhovsky Island in NE Siberia in 2014. The datasets contain mass fractions of different size and density fractions, OC concentrations, OC/N ratios, data on organic matter composition based on 13C-NMR, radiocarbon (14C) data, as well as data on iron (Fe) mineral phases and CO2 production rates of mineral-associated organic matter. Further, carbon and organic biomarker data (n-alkanes) of the bulk sediment are included. The data were created to study mass partitioning of Pleistocene permafrost OC among different organic matter fractions to assess the bioavailability and stability of the organic matter. Please refer to the publication listed below for more information.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2003View details →

Figs 7–13 in The maxillary organ gland: Description of a new head gland in Scutigera coleoptrata (Chilopoda, Notostigmophora)

Figs 7–13. Maxillary organ gland of Scutigera coleoptrata. 7. Transition between secretory cell (sc) and intermediary cell (ic). 8. General view of intermediary cells (ic) and connecting proximal (pc) and distal canal cells (dc). 9. Transition between intermediary cell (ic) and proximal canal cell (pc) with its apical infoldings. Note the cuticular lining (cu) of the conduction canal in the most distal part of the intermediary cell. 10. Distal part of maxillary organ gland with several cross sections of the proximal (pc) and distal (dc) canal cells and their cuticular ducts (*). 11. Cross sectioned proximal canal cell with apical infoldings and cuticular duct. The asterisk points. 12. Cross section of the distal canal cell (dc) with its cuticular duct (*). (pc) proximal canal cell. 13. Part of distal canal cell with its conducting canal (*) passing through the cuticle (cu) of the

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scRNA data from: Organization of the human Intestine at single cell resolution

The human adult intestinal system is a complex organ that is approximately 9 meters long and performs a variety of complex functions including digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune surveillance. We performed snRNA-seq on 8 regions of of the human intestine (duodenum, proximal-jejunum, mid-jejunum, ileum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon) from 9 donors (B001, B004, B005, B006, B008, B009, B010, B011, and B012). In the corresponding paper, we find cell compositions differ dramatically across regions of the intestine and demonstrate the complexity of epithelial subtypes. We map gene regulatory differences in these cells suggestive of a regulatory differentiation cascade, and associate intestinal disease heritability with specific cell types. These results describe the complexity of the cell composition, regulation, and organization in the human intestine, and serve as an important reference map for understanding human biology and disease.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

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How well must surface vorticity be organized for tornadogenesis?

This study investigates whether quasi-random surface vertical vorticity is sufficient for tornadogenesis when combined with an updraft typical of tornadic supercells. The viability of this pathway could mean that a coherent process to produce well-organized surface vertical vorticity is rather unimportant. Highly idealized simulations are used to establish random noise as a possible seed for the production of tornado-like vortices (TLVs). A number of sensitivities are then examined across the simulations. The most explanatory predictor of whether a TLV will form (and how strong it will become) is the maximal value of initial surface circulation found near the updraft. Perhaps surprisingly, sufficient circulation for tornadogenesis is often present even when the surface vertical vorticity field lacks any obvious organized structure. The other key ingredient for TLV formation is confirmed to be a large vertical gradient in vertical velocity close to the ground (to promote stretching). Overall, it appears that random surface vertical vorticity is indeed sufficient for TLV formation given adequate stretching. However, it is shown that longer-wavelength noise is more likely to be associated with substantial surface circulation (because it is the areal integral of vertical vorticity). Thus, coherent vorticity sources that produce longer wavelength structures are likely to be the most supportive of tornadogenesis.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Perception of Organic Food

This is a dataset of raw and secondary data obtained form the survey conducted in 2020 at Polish and English universities. The file which contains a questionnaire used in the investigation is also included.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

HeiPorSPECTRAL - the Heidelberg Porcine HyperSPECTRAL Imaging Dataset of 20 Physiological Organs

Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is a relatively new medical imaging modality that exploits an area of diagnostic potential formerly untouched. Although exploratory translational and clinical studies exist, no surgical HSI datasets are openly accessible to the general scientific community. To address this bottleneck, this publication releases HeiPorSPECTRAL (<a href="https://www.heiporspectral.org">https://www.heiporspectral.org</a>), the first annotated high-quality standardized HSI dataset. It comprises 5,758 spectral images acquired with the TIVITA Tissue and annotated with 20 physiological porcine organs in a total number of 11 pigs. Each HSI image features a resolution of 480 x 640 pixels acquired over the 500-1000 nm wavelength range. The acquisition protocol has been designed such that the variability of organ spectra as a function of several parameters including the camera pose and the individual can be assessed. A comprehensive technical validation confirmed both the quality of the raw data and the annotations. We envision potential reuse within this dataset, but also its reuse as baseline data for future research questions outside this dataset, such as the detection of pathologies.

Cell to Whole Organ Global Sensitivity Analysis on a Four-chamber Heart Electromechanics Model Using Gaussian Processes Emulators - Training Datasets

This database contains all training datasets for the Gaussian processes emulators (GPEs) trained in the study entitled "Cell to Whole Organ Global Sensitivity Analysis on a Four-chamber Electromechanics Model Using Gaussian Processes Emulators", submitted to PLOS Computational Biology. Every folder contains two csv files: - parameters.csv: the rows are the samples and the columns represent the parameters that were varied in the analysis - outputs.csv: the rows are the samples and the columns represent the values for the output features simulated for each sample In ventricular_cell_model, there are four folders: - ionic: ToR-ORd model samples used to train GPEs to predict the ventricular calcium transient features - contraction_isometric_stretch1.0: ToR-ORd model coupled with the Land contraction model samples used to train GPEs to predict the ventricular active tension transient features. The simulations were isometric contractions with no strain (or stretch 1.0). - contraction_isometric_stretch1.1: ToR-ORd model coupled with the Land contraction model samples used to train GPEs to predict the ventricular active tension transient features. The simulations were isometric contractions with 0.1 strain (or stretch 1.1). - contraction_isotonic: ToR-ORd model coupled with the Land contraction model samples used to train GPEs to predict the ventricular active tension transient features. The simulations were isotonic. The folder atrial_contraction_model follows the same structure, but the ionic model was Courtemanche, used to represent an atrial rather than ventricular calcium transient. The folder tissue_electrophysiology contains the training dataset for the GPEs to predict total atrial and ventricular activation times with an Eikonal model. The folder passive_mechanics contains the training dataset for the GPEs to predict inflated volumes and mean atrial and ventricular fiber strains for a passive inflation. The folder CircAdapt contains the training dataset for the GPEs to predict four-chamber pressure and volume features with the CircAdapt ODE model. Finally, the folder fourchamber contains the samples generated with a 3D-0D four-chamber electromechanics model to predict pressure and volume biomarkers for cardiac function. The details about the model can be found in the original publication.