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FIGURE 2. Arisaema melanostomum. A in A new species and a new combination of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from China

FIGURE 2. Arisaema melanostomum. A. individual in the habitat; B. inflorescence (front view); C. inflorescence (side view); D. adaxial surface of spathe; E. male spadix with in spathe; F. gynoecium; G. subterranean stem. Images A, C & E © Xiao-Yun Wang; B, D, F & G © Zheng-Xu Ma. All plant images were taken from the type population of A. melanostomum, and B, F & G are from the holotype.

FIGURE 1. Arisaema melanostomum. A in A new species and a new combination of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from China

FIGURE 1. Arisaema melanostomum. A. subterranean stem; B. mature individual; C. abaxial surface of spathe (side view); D. adaxial surface of spathe; E. female spadix; F. male spadix; G. infrutescence. The painting is drawn by Yi-fan Li.

FIGURE 4 in A new species and a new combination of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from China

FIGURE 4. Immature infructescences of Arisaema melanostomum (A) & A. cordatum (B). Images A © Jun-Rong Xie; B © Liu. Image A was taken from the type population of A. melanostomum.

FIGURE 3. Arisaema cordatum. A in A new species and a new combination of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from China

FIGURE 3. Arisaema cordatum. A. individual in the habitat; B. inflorescence (front view); C. inflorescence (side view); D. adaxial surface of spathe; E. male spadix with in spathe; F. gynoecium; G. subterranean stem. Images A, C & E © Xiao-Yun Wang; B, D, F & G © Zheng-Xu Ma.

FIGURE 6 in A new species and a new combination of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from China

FIGURE 6. Distribution map of Arisaema cordatum (triangle), A. kiushianum (square). A. melanostomum (solid circle) and A. thunbergii subsp. autumnale (pentagram). Scale 1: 25 000 000. China's border in this map is derived from Topographic Map of the People's Republic of China (scale 1: 4 000 000) (1989) published by Sinomaps Press.

FIGURE 2 in Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Arum dracunculus (Araceae)

FIGURE 2. Lectotype of Arum dracunculus, Herb. A. van Royen No. 898.88-457 (barcode L 0052742). Herbarium L, reproduced with permission.

FIGURE 4 in Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Arum dracunculus (Araceae)

FIGURE 4. Probable Linnaeus's original material of Arum dracunculus, Herb. A. van Royen No. 898.88-461 (barcode L 0221726). Herbarium L, reproduced with permission.

FIGURE 1 in Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Arum dracunculus (Araceae)

FIGURE 1. Linnaeus's original material of Arum dracunculus, Herb. Burser X: 136 (UPS). Herbarium UPS reproduced with permission.

FIGURE 3 in Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Arum dracunculus (Araceae)

FIGURE 3. Probable Linnaeus's original material of Arum dracunculus, Herb. A. van Royen No. 898.88-458 (barcode L 0221727). Herbarium L, reproduced with permission.

FIGURE 1. Steudnera hoanglienica V.D. Nguyen, B.H. Quang & Bogner. A in Steudnera hoanglienica (Colocasieae-Araceae), a new species from northern Vietnam

FIGURE 1. Steudnera hoanglienica V.D. Nguyen, B.H. Quang & Bogner. A.—Habitat and habit in flowering; B.—Rhizome; C.— Beneath leaf blade surface; D.—Inflorescence; E.—Spadix in young; F.—Spadix in mature; G.—Male flower zone in young; H.—pistils; I.—surface of male flowers; J.—Male flower lateral view.—(All from the type specimens—Photographed by V.D. Nguyen).

FIGURE 5. Anthurium erythrospadix. A. Terrestrial habit. B in Two new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 5. Anthurium erythrospadix. A. Terrestrial habit. B. Petiole cross-section: adaxially canaliculate with acute margins, abaxially acute. C. Leaf blade cross-section in the median region, midrib obtuse on both sides. D. Leaf blade cross-section in the apical region, midrib acute adaxially, obtuse abaxially. E. Spadix conical, spathe erect at pre-anthesis. F. Spadix with spathe patent at anthesis.

FIGURE 3. Anthurium caparaoense. A. Terrestrial habit. B in Two new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 3. Anthurium caparaoense. A. Terrestrial habit. B. Petiole cross-section flattened to slightly sulcate adaxially, obtuse abaxially. C. Leaf blade cross-section in the median region, showing the strongly insculpted adaxial and prominent abaxial surfaces. D. Leaf blade cross−section in the apical region of the midrib showing the acute adaxial and shallowly rounded abaxial surfaces: E. Leaf blade with cordate base. F. Leaf blade with truncate base. G. Spadix terete with spathe reflexed at pre-anthesis. H. Spathe patent at anthesis.

FIGURE 1 in Two new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 1. Occurrence of Anthurium caparaoense and Anthurium erythrospadix at different elevations, from Caparaó National Park, MG-ES, Brazil. Source: IBGE 2017.

FIGURE 4. Anthurium erythrospadix. A in Two new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 4. Anthurium erythrospadix. A. Terrestrial habit and detail of roots with nitrogen fixation nodule. B. Internodes and peduncle. C-D. Leaf blade, strongly discolor (C adaxial surface, D abaxial surface). E. Spadix at pre-anthesis conical, spathe reflexed. F. Spathe erect, long-decurrent with spadix at pre-anthesis; G. Spathe erect at anthesis and apex long-cuspidate; H. Spathe patent at anthesis and spadix showing the pollen grains. I. Berries.

FIGURE 2. Anthurium caparaoense. A. Forest fragment. B. Terrestrial habit. C-D in Two new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 2. Anthurium caparaoense. A. Forest fragment. B. Terrestrial habit. C-D. Cataphylls, prophylls and petiole. E. Leaf blade green, slightly discolor. F. Spadix greenish at pre-anthesis. G. Spadix at anthesis with yellow pollen grains. H. Spadix at post-anthesis.

FIGURE 2 in Monstera limitaris (Araceae), a new species from the border between Costa Rica and Panama

FIGURE 2. Comparison between Monstera limitaris (A–D), and M. dissecta (E–H). A. Adult plant. B. Brown stem. C. Flower (left); flower in cross section (right). D. Geniculum with crenate margins (upper arrow) and petiole with semi-persistent sheath (lower arrow). E. Adult plant. F. Green stem. G. Geniculum with entire margins (upper arrow) and petiole with persistent sheath (lower arrow). H. Flower (left); flower in cross section (right).

FIGURE 1 in Monstera limitaris (Araceae), a new species from the border between Costa Rica and Panama

FIGURE 1. Lankester Composite Dissection Plate (LCDP) of Monstera limitaris sp. nov. A. Inflorescence development: B. Frontal and back part-opened inflorescence: C. Infructescence (detachment styling cape): D. Seeds: E. Complete flower (left); cross-section flower (right): F. style and stigma (left); Anther (right): G. Sterile flowers: H. Adult plant: I. seedling.

FIGURE 3 in Monstera limitaris (Araceae), a new species from the border between Costa Rica and Panama

FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Monstera limitaris in Costa Rica (red circle, Puntarenas Province; holotype M. Cedeño et al. 1129) and Panama (black star, Chiriqui Province; paratype M. de Stapf 1307).

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FIGURE 4 in Anthurium rosselianum (Araceae), a new species of Anthurium section Belolonchium from Colombia

FIGURE 4. Anthurium rosselianum. Holotype specimen: MO-4940582, sheet 4. Colombia. Cauca: Along road between Popayán and Juntas via Viente de Julio Popayán, 17 km W of summit, 1280 m, 2º31'18"N, 77º 01'56"W, 19 July 2007, T.B. Croat & J.F. Gaskin 80112. Removed cataphyll and inflorescence with old peduncle and spathe and new spadix in lower center and upper center without spathe.