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718 results for “Crown”
Data from: Phylogenetic signal detection from an ancient rapid radiation: effects of noise reduction, long-branch attraction, and model selection in crown clade Apocynaceae
Crown clade Apocynaceae comprise seven primary lineages of lianas, shrubs, and herbs with a diversity of pollen aggregation morphologies including monads, tetrads, and pollinia, making them an ideal group for investigating the evolution and function of pollen packaging. Traditional molecular systematic approaches utilizing small amounts of sequence data have failed to resolve relationships along the spine of the crown clade, a likely ancient rapid radiation. The previous best estimate of the phylogeny was a five-way polytomy, leaving ambiguous the homology of aggregated pollen in two major lineages, the Periplocoideae, which possess pollen tetrads, and the milkweeds (Secamonoideae plus Asclepiadoideae), which possess pollinia. To assess whether greatly increased character sampling would resolve these relationships, a plastome sequence data matrix was assembled for 13 taxa of Apocynaceae, including nine newly generated complete plastomes, one partial new plastome, and three previously reported plastomes, collectively representing all primary crown clade lineages and outgroups. The effects of phylogenetic noise, long-branch attraction, and model selection (linked versus unlinked branch lengths among data partitions) were evaluated in a hypothesis-testing framework based on Shimodaira–Hasegawa tests. Discrimination among alternative crown clade resolutions was affected by all three factors. Exclusion of the noisiest alignment positions and topologies influenced by long-branch attraction resulted in a trichotomy along the spine of the crown clade consisting of Rhabdadenia + the Asian clade, Baisseeae + milkweeds, and Periplocoideae + the New World clade. Parsimony reconstruction on all optimal topologies after noise exclusion unambiguously supports parallel evolution of aggregated pollen in Periplocoideae (tetrads) and milkweeds (pollinia). Our phylogenomic approach has greatly advanced the resolution of one of the most perplexing radiations in Apocynaceae, providing the basis for study of convergent floral morphologies and their adaptive value.
FIGURE 3 in The oldest crown representative of the family Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) from the Paleocene of Menat (France)
FIGURE 3. Pristaulacus jarzembowskii sp. nov., holotype MNT Nel 'aulacid', photographs. A, Left forewing, with names of cells labeled. B, Right fore- and hind wings, with names of veins labelled. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in The oldest crown representative of the family Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) from the Paleocene of Menat (France)
FIGURE 2. Pristaulacus jarzembowskii sp. nov., holotype MNT Nel 'aulacid', photograph of counterpart. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in The oldest crown representative of the family Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) from the Paleocene of Menat (France)
FIGURE 1. Pristaulacus jarzembowskii sp. nov., holotype MNT Nel 'aulacid', photograph of part. Scale bar = 1 mm.
On following pages: 4. Greater Striped Shrew (Sorex cylindricauda); 5. Lesser Striped Shrew (Sorex bedfordiae), 6. Radde's 9. Azumi Shrew (Sorex hosonoi): 10. Slender Shrew (Sorex gracillimus); 11. Laxmann's Shrew (Sorex caecutiens); 12. Shinto Shrew (Sorex sinalis): 16. Common Shrew (Sorex araneus); 17. Iberian Shrew (Sorex granarius); 18. Valais Shrew (Sorex Shrew (Sorex daphaenodon); 22. Gansu Shrew (Sorex cansulus); 23. Tundra Shrew (Sorex tundrensis); 24. Tian Shan Shrew (Sorex maritimensis): 28. Eurasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex minutus); 29. Caucasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex volnuchini); 30. 33. Trowbridge's Shrew (Sorex trowbridgii); 34. Arizona Shrew (Sorex arizonae); 35. Merriam's Shrew (Sorex merriami) 39. San Cristobal Shrew (Sorex cristobalensis); 40. McCarthy's Shrew (Sorex mccarthy); 41. Salvin's Shrew (Sorex salvini Shrew (Sorex raddei); 7. Flat-skulled Shrew (Sorex roboratus); 8. Eurasian Least Shrew (Sorex minutissimus); Shrew (Sorex shinto); 13. Taiga Shrew (Sorex isodon); 14. Long-clawed Shrew (Sorex unguiculatus); 15. Chinese antinori); 19. Crowned Shrew (Sorex coronatus); 20. Caucasian Shrew (Sorex satunini); 21. Siberian Large-toothed (Sorex aspen; 25. Apennine Shrew (Sorex samniticus); 26. Arctic Shrew (Sorex arcticus); 27. Maritime Shrew Buchara Shrew (Sorex buchariensis), 31. Tibetan Shrew (Sorex thibetanus); 32. Kashmir Shrew (Sorex planiceps);; 36. Alto Shrew (Sorex altoensis); 37. Jalisco Shrew (Sorex mediopua); 38. Saussure''s Shrew (Sorex saussurel);); 42. Sclater's Shrew (Sorex sclateri), 43. Pale-toothed Shrew (Sorex stizodon). in Soricidae
On following pages: 4. Greater Striped Shrew (Sorex cylindricauda); 5. Lesser Striped Shrew (Sorex bedfordiae), 6. Radde's 9. Azumi Shrew (Sorex hosonoi): 10. Slender Shrew (Sorex gracillimus); 11. Laxmann's Shrew (Sorex caecutiens); 12. Shinto Shrew (Sorex sinalis): 16. Common Shrew (Sorex araneus); 17. Iberian Shrew (Sorex granarius); 18. Valais Shrew (Sorex Shrew (Sorex daphaenodon); 22. Gansu Shrew (Sorex cansulus); 23. Tundra Shrew (Sorex tundrensis); 24. Tian Shan Shrew (Sorex maritimensis): 28. Eurasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex minutus); 29. Caucasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex volnuchini); 30. 33. Trowbridge's Shrew (Sorex trowbridgii); 34. Arizona Shrew (Sorex arizonae); 35. Merriam's Shrew (Sorex merriami) 39. San Cristobal Shrew (Sorex cristobalensis); 40. McCarthy's Shrew (Sorex mccarthy); 41. Salvin's Shrew (Sorex salvini Shrew (Sorex raddei); 7. Flat-skulled Shrew (Sorex roboratus); 8. Eurasian Least Shrew (Sorex minutissimus); Shrew (Sorex shinto); 13. Taiga Shrew (Sorex isodon); 14. Long-clawed Shrew (Sorex unguiculatus); 15. Chinese antinori); 19. Crowned Shrew (Sorex coronatus); 20. Caucasian Shrew (Sorex satunini); 21. Siberian Large-toothed (Sorex aspen; 25. Apennine Shrew (Sorex samniticus); 26. Arctic Shrew (Sorex arcticus); 27. Maritime Shrew Buchara Shrew (Sorex buchariensis), 31. Tibetan Shrew (Sorex thibetanus); 32. Kashmir Shrew (Sorex planiceps);; 36. Alto Shrew (Sorex altoensis); 37. Jalisco Shrew (Sorex mediopua); 38. Saussure''s Shrew (Sorex saussurel);); 42. Sclater's Shrew (Sorex sclateri), 43. Pale-toothed Shrew (Sorex stizodon).
On following pages: 61. Roloway Monkey (Cercopithecus roloway); 62. De Brazza's Monkey (Cercopithecus neglectus Monkey (Cercopithecus lowe); 66. Crowned Monkey (Cercopithecus pogonias); 67. Wolf's Monkey (Cercopithecus); 63. Mona Monkey (Cercopithecus mona); 64. Campbell's Monkey (Cercopithecus campbell); 65. Lowe's wolfi); 68. Dent's Monkey (Cercopithecus dent). in Cercopithecidae
On following pages: 61. Roloway Monkey (Cercopithecus roloway); 62. De Brazza's Monkey (Cercopithecus neglectus Monkey (Cercopithecus lowe); 66. Crowned Monkey (Cercopithecus pogonias); 67. Wolf's Monkey (Cercopithecus); 63. Mona Monkey (Cercopithecus mona); 64. Campbell's Monkey (Cercopithecus campbell); 65. Lowe's wolfi); 68. Dent's Monkey (Cercopithecus dent).
Data and code from: A spectral three-dimensional color space model of tree crown health
<p>Protecting the future of forests in the United States and other countries depends in part on our ability to monitor and map forest health conditions in a timely fashion to facilitate management of emerging threats and disturbances over a multitude of spatial scales. Remote sensing data and technologies have contributed to our ability to meet these needs, but existing methods relying on supervised classification are often limited to specific areas by the availability of imagery or training data, as well as model transferability. Scaling up and operationalizing these methods for general broadscale monitoring and mapping may be promoted by using simple models that are easily trained and projected across space and time with widely available imagery. Here, we describe a new model that classifies high resolution (~1 m<sup>2</sup>) 3-band red, green, blue (RGB) imagery from a single point in time into one of four color classes corresponding to tree crown condition or health: green healthy crowns, red damaged or dying crowns, gray damaged or dead crowns, and shadowed crowns where the condition status is unknown. These Tree Crown Health (TCH) models trained on data from the United States (US) Department of Agriculture, National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP), for all 48 States in the contiguous US and spanning years 2012 to 2019, exhibited high measures of model performance and transferability when evaluated using randomly withheld testing data (<em>n</em> = 122 NAIP state x year combinations; median overall accuracy 0.89-0.90; median Kappa 0.85-0.86). We present examples of how TCH models can detect and map individual tree mortality resulting from a variety of nationally significant native and invasive forest insects and diseases in the US. We conclude with discussion of opportunities and challenges for extending and implementing TCH models in support of broadscale monitoring and mapping of forest health.</p>
Vereda Crowne Plaza Dec19
Vereda Hotel Crowne Plaza - Alameda, Santiago Diciembre 19 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Indian Crown
Ancient Indian golden crown Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Death Crowning Innocence (1896)
Painting by George Frederic Watts 1817-1904 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Figure 1 in An Isolated Mesoeucrocodylian Tooth Crown From The Lower Cretaceous Cerro La Isla Pterosaur Site In The Atacama Region, Northern Chile
Figure 1. Map showing the locality where SGO.PV.1160 was found; Cerro La Isla, Atacama Region, northern Chile.
Figure 2 in An Isolated Mesoeucrocodylian Tooth Crown From The Lower Cretaceous Cerro La Isla Pterosaur Site In The Atacama Region, Northern Chile
Figure 2. Mesoeucrocodylia indet. (SGO.PV.1160), in A) mesial/distal view, and B) labial/lingual view. C) shows the detail of the enamel ornamentation in a region of the crown where it is well-preserved. The white arrows point out apicobasal ridges that are present on the entire circumference of the crown.
FIGURE 5 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 5. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Semithin section (1 µm) of the radioles. (A) Cross-section of two separated radioles with skeletal cells and blood vessel; (B) Longitudinal section of a radiolus with skeletal cells and blood vessel; bv blood vessel, scp skeletal cells of pinnules, scr skeletal cells of radioles, ss supporting sheath tissue. Scale bars: A, B = 50 µm.
FIGURE 3 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 3. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Semithin section (1 µm) of the branchial crown. (A) Seven pairs of separated radioles but connected by palmate membrane, with dorsal and ventral lips, dorsal pinnular appendages and ventral radiolar appendages visible; (B) Dorsal pinnular appendages fused with dorsalmost radioles; parallel lamella visible (14 µm basal of section A); (C) Left and right part of the ventral lip as well as the parallel lamella fused with one another (5 µm basal of section B); (D) Most radioles fused with one another; parallel lamella broadened (23 µm basal of section C); (E) Right part of dorsal lip fused with basal part of dorsalmost radiolus (22 µm basal of section D); (F) Right and left parts of dorsal lip fused with one another; parallel lamella disconnected in the middle (21 µm basal of section E); (G) Branchial crown fused with the collar ventrally; skeletal cell bars of the left and the right radiolar lobes distinctly separated (19 µm basal of section F); (H) Collar encloses branchial crown completely; mouth opening and dorsal pit visible; common stem of skeletal cells of the left and the right radiolar lobes (45 µm basal of section G); c collar, d dorsal, dl dorsal lip, dp dorsal porus, dpa dorsal pinnular appendage, m mouth opening, p pinnula, pl parallel lamella, pm palmate membrane, ra radiolus, tvp transverse lamellar process, v ventral, vl ventral lip, vra ventral radiolar appendage. Scale bars: A–H = 100 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 2. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Photographs from specimens collected in the Taganrog Bay, Sea of Azov. (A) Anterior end; (B) Complete specimen
FIGURE 1 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 1. Collection sites of Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Pärnu Bay (1), Hollandse Ijssel (2), Van Harinxmakanaal (3), Kiel Canal (4), Hallsfjärden (5), Taganrog Bay (6).
FIGURE 7 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 7. Laonome spp. Methyl green staining pattern of peristomium and thoracic region. A–C. L. xeprovala sp. nov. (A) Ventral view; (B) Lateral view; (C) Dorsal view; D–F. L. calida. (D) Ventral view; (E) Lateral view; (F) Dorsal view; G–I. L. kroyeri. (G) Ventral view; (H) Lateral view; (I) Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–F = 500 µm, G–I = 1000 µm.
FIGURE 9 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 9. Laonome spp. Semithin section (1 µm) of the branchial crown. A–D. L. kroyeri. A. Ten pairs of separated radioles; dorsal lips, ventral lips and ventral radiolar appendages visible. Dorsal lips with blood vessel but without internal skeletal cells. B. Radioles, right and left part of ventral and dorsal lips fused with one another (250 µm basal of section A). C. Coelomic cavities of the median collar tips and those located laterally at the border of the ventral lip separated (64 µm basal of section B). D. Coelomic cavities of the median collar tips and those located laterally at the border of the merged ventral lip (41 µm basal of section C). E–H. L. triangularis. E. dorsal lips with internal skeletal cells. F. Radioles and right and left part of fused ventral lip, dorsal lips separated (77 µm basal of section E). G. Right and left part of dorsal lip fused, median part of the ventral lip fused with the collar (112 µm basal of section F). H. Coelomic cavities of the median collar tips and those located laterally at the border of the ventral lip merged; internal skeletal cells of the dorsal lips still visible (arrows; 11 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 100 µm. (abbr: c collar, d dorsal, dl dorsal lip, m mouth opening, p pinnula, ra radiolus, v ventral, vl ventral lip, vra ventral radiolar appendage).
FIGURE 4 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 4. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. SEM micrographs. (A) Anterior end, lateral view; (B) Distal end of radiolus; (C) First notopodium with one acicular spine and two transitional chaetae; (D) Second notopodium: superior with one acicular spine, one transitional chaeta, one capillary chaeta, and inferior with five paleate chaetae; (E) Third notopodium: superior with one transitional chaeta, three capillary chaetae, and inferior with five paleate chaetae; (F) Fourth notopodium: with four superior capillary chaetae and six inferior paleate chaetae; (G) Thoracic uncini and companion chaetae of chaetiger five; (H) Thoracic uncini of chaetiger six; (I) Transition between thorax and abdomen; (K) Posterior end, lateral view; (L) Abdominal uncini. Scale bars: A, K = 200 µm, B, I = 100 µm, C–F, L = 20 µm, G = 10 µm, H = 5 µm.
FIGURE 6 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome
FIGURE 6. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. (A) Anterior end, dorsolateral view; (B) Anterior end, ventral view; (C) Posterior end, lateral view; (D) Notopodial spines of the first chaetiger; (E) Inferior paleate chaetae of thoracic notopodia; (F) Companion chaeta of thoracic neuropodial; (G) Thoracic uncini; (H) Abdominal uncini. Scale bars: A, B = 200 µm, C = 100 µm, D = 20 µm, E, G, H = 10 µm, F = 5 µm.
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