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Fig. 3 in Genetic and morphological evidence for cryptic species in Macrobrachium australe and resurrection of M. ustulatum (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)

Fig. 3. Macrobrachium australe (Guérin-Méneville, 1838 in Guérin-Méneville 1829–1838), MNHN- IU-2013-13198. A. Cephalothorax. B. Epistome. C. Fourth thoracic sternite. D. Major second pereiopod. E. Major second pereiopod finger. F. Minor second pereiopod. G. Minor second pereiopod finger. Scale bars: A, E, G = 2 mm; B–C = 1 mm; D, F = 4 mm.

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Fig. 1 in Genetic and morphological evidence for cryptic species in Macrobrachium australe and resurrection of M. ustulatum (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)

Fig. 1. Map of the Indo-Pacific showing localities where Macrobrachium australe (Guérin-Méneville, 1838 in Guérin-Méneville 1829–1838) (black area) and M. ustulatum (Nobili, 1899) (red area) were collected and/or recorded. Capitalized locality names correspond to the 7 localities sampled for this study. Non-capitalized locality names correspond to the localities reported from the literature. Stars shows the type localities of the synonyms of M. australe (black stars) and M. ustulatum (red star).

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Fig. 4. A in Genetic and morphological evidence for cryptic species in Macrobrachium australe and resurrection of M. ustulatum (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)

Fig. 4. A. Live coloration of Macrobrachium australe (Guérin-Méneville, 1838 in Guérin-Méneville 1829–1838) (photo: E. Vigneux). B. Live coloration of M. ustulatum (Nobili, 1899) (photo: P. Keith).

Fig. 6. Ocyale ghost Jocque M in A new species of Ocyale (Araneae, Lycosidae) from Madagascar, with first observations on the biology of a representative in the genus

Fig. 6. Ocyale ghost Jocque M. & Jocqué R. sp. nov., palp, ♂, paratype (MRAC 245361), scanning electron micrographs. A. Right palp, ventral view. B. Distal end of bulbus, ventral view. C. Main part of bulbus ventro-prolateral view. Abbreviations: MA = median apophysis; P = palea; T = tegulum; * = embolus. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 4. Ocyale ghost Jocque M in A new species of Ocyale (Araneae, Lycosidae) from Madagascar, with first observations on the biology of a representative in the genus

Fig. 4. Ocyale ghost Jocque M. & Jocqué R. sp. nov. A–B. Holotype, ♂. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Ventral habitus. C–D. Paratype, ♀ (MRAC 245338). C. Dorsal habitus. D. Ventral habitus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 7. Ocyale ghost Jocque M in A new species of Ocyale (Araneae, Lycosidae) from Madagascar, with first observations on the biology of a representative in the genus

Fig. 7. Ocyale ghost Jocque M. & Jocqué R. sp. nov. A–B. Palp (holotype, ♂). A. Retrolateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Epigyne (paratype, ♀, MRAC 245338), ventral view. Scale bar = 1mm. Abbreviations: MA = median apophysis; P = palea; T = tegulum; * = embolus.

Fig. 3. Ocyale ghost Jocque M in A new species of Ocyale (Araneae, Lycosidae) from Madagascar, with first observations on the biology of a representative in the genus

Fig. 3. Ocyale ghost Jocque M. & Jocqué R. sp. nov. photographed at type locality. A. Female habitus. B. Same, detail. C. Female in sand retreat. D. Female with spiderlings on abdomen. E. Two males, one being eaten by the other. F. Female with white grasshopper prey. Photos A–B: MJ (2012), C–F: SW (2016).

Fig. 6 in Cranial phenotypic variation in Meriones crassus and M. libycus (Rodentia, Gerbillinae), and a morphological divergence in M. crassus from the Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia (Western Zagros Mountains)

Fig. 6. Scatter plot of PCA results on shape variables of the (A) ventral, (B) dorsal and (C) lateral sides of Meriones crassus Sundevall, 1842 specimens. Legends: ○ = Iranian Plateau, ● = Western Zagros, * = Kuwait, Δ = Arabian, ▲ = Jeddah, □ = Jordan/NW Arabia, ■ = African. Deformation grids (two times magnified) along the first principal components, representing shape differences between configurations corresponding to minimal and maximal scores, are shown to the right of each plot. For the numbering of landmarks, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 in Cranial phenotypic variation in Meriones crassus and M. libycus (Rodentia, Gerbillinae), and a morphological divergence in M. crassus from the Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia (Western Zagros Mountains)

Fig. 4. Scatter plot of the CVA results of the (A) ventral and (B) dorsal shape data of Meriones crassus Sundevall, 1842 (two groups) and M. libycus Lichtenstein, 1823. Legends: ○ = M. crassus (other than Western Zagros), ● = M. crassus of Western Zagros, □ = M. libycus. The grids below show deformation along the arrows, when moving from the M. crassus group mean shape to the Western Zagros group mean shape (A1 and B1), and from the M. libycus mean shape to the mean shape of the Western Zagros (A2 and B2) (shape differences magnified three times for better visualization). For the numbering of landmarks, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 in Cranial phenotypic variation in Meriones crassus and M. libycus (Rodentia, Gerbillinae), and a morphological divergence in M. crassus from the Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia (Western Zagros Mountains)

Fig. 3. Scatter plot of RW1 versus RW2 of the (A) ventral and (B) dorsal cranium of Meriones crassus Sundevall, 1842 and M. libycus Lichtenstein, 1823. Legends: ○ = M. crassus (other than Western Zagros), ● = M. crassus of Western Zagros, □ = M. libycus. Below: thin-plate spline deformation grids visualize shape variation as expressed by the first two RWs axes (grids represent shape difference between configurations corresponding to lowest and highest RW-values). For the numbering of landmarks, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 in Cranial phenotypic variation in Meriones crassus and M. libycus (Rodentia, Gerbillinae), and a morphological divergence in M. crassus from the Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia (Western Zagros Mountains)

Fig. 7. CVA scatter plot (axes 1 and 2) on shape variables of the (A) ventral, (B) dorsal and (C) lateral side of the Meriones crassus groups (Jeddah group not included). Legends: ○ = Iranian plateau, ● = Western Zagros, Δ = Arabian and ■ = African. Grids show deformation (3 x magnified) when following the trajectory within the morphospace along the arrows and between the groups' consensus (from African to Western Zagros – A1, B1 and C1; and from Iranian plateau to Western Zagros – A2, B2 and C2). For the numbering of landmarks, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 in Cranial phenotypic variation in Meriones crassus and M. libycus (Rodentia, Gerbillinae), and a morphological divergence in M. crassus from the Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia (Western Zagros Mountains)

Fig. 1. Map showing the sampling localities of Meriones crassus Sundevall, 1842 (circles) and M. libycus Lichtenstein, 1823 (squares) and groups of sampling localities indicated by ellipses (see more detail about the grouping in Material and Methods). The dark closed symbols are the sampling localities of the type specimens (synonyms of Meriones crassus and M. libycus, see Table 1). The ellipses (from left to right) show the following groups: African, Jeddah, Arabian, Western Zagros and Iranian Plateau.

Figs 24–32. Mastogloia belaensis M in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Figs 24–32. Mastogloia belaensis M.Voigt. Light micrographs (LM) of valves from the Lac de Guiers population (Van de Vijver sample SEN-42). 24–28. LM views of several smaller valves showing variation in valve size and shape. 29–30. LM views of the partectal ring with the partecta. 31. LM view of an entire valve with removed partectal ring showing the pseudosepta (arrows). 32. Entire frustule in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm.

Fig. 69 in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Fig. 69. World distribution of Mastogloia braunii s. lat. according to the literature. Circles: recent records. Squares: fossil records. Filled symbols indicate confirmed (illustrated) records. 331 locations were found based on 271 references.

Figs 1–5 in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Figs 1–5. Mastogloia braunii Grunow. Light micrographs (LM) of valves from the type population (Grunow 23583 – capsule 0645, Vienna, Austria). 1–3. LM views of 3 valves showing variation in valve size and shape. The arrows in Fig. 2 indicate shortened striae near the central area. 3–4. Same valve taken at different foci. 4–5. LM views of the partectal ring with the partecta. Scale bar: 10 μm.

Figs 46–55 in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Figs 46–55. Mastogloia senegalensis Van de Vijver, Fofana, Sow & Ector sp. nov. Light micrographs of valves from the Lac de Guiers type population (Van de Vijver sample SEN-42). 46–51. LM views of several specimens showing variation in valve size and shape (the arrows in Fig. 46 show typical bifurcating striae near the central area). 52–53. LM views of the partectal ring with the partecta. 54. LM view of an entire valve with removed partectal ring showing the pseudosepta. 55. LM view of an entire valve with removed partectal ring showing the valve interior. Scale bar: 10 μm.

Figs 56–59 in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Figs 56–59. Mastogloia senegalensis Van de Vijver, Fofana, Sow & Ector sp. nov. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of valves from the Lac de Guiers type population (Van de Vijver sample SEN-42). 56. SEM girdle view of an entire frustule showing the partectal pores and the mantle areolae. 57. SEM external view of an entire valve with typical undulating raphe branches. 58. SEM external detail of the apex and the axial area with the depressed grooved on both sides of the raphe. 59. SEM external detail of the valve mantle. Scale bars: 10 µm.

Figs 39–45. Mastogloia belaensis M in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Figs 39–45. Mastogloia belaensis M.Voigt. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of valves from the Lac de Guiers population (Van de Vijver sample SEN-42). 39. SEM internal view of an entire valve with the typical partectal ring. 40–41. SEM internal details of the partectal ring near the valve apices showing the cleft with the lacunae. 42. SEM internal detail of the central area. 43. SEM internal detail of the valve apex with the pseudoseptum. 44. SEM internal detail of the partecta showing the partectal walls with 2–4 series of small, rounded pores. 45. SEM internal view of the inner areolae arranged in groups of 4–8 per pseudoloculus. Scale bars: 39–43 = 10 µm; 44 = 5 µm; 45 = 1 µm.

Figs 66–68 in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Figs 66–68. Mastogloia baldjikiana Grunow. Light micrographs (LM) of valves from slide 545 (Baldjick, Types du Synopsis des diatomées de Belgique, Van Heurck collection, BR). 66–67. Same valve taken at different foci. 66, 68. LM views of 2 valves showing variation in valve size and shape. 67. LM view of the partectal ring with the partecta. Scale bar: 10 μm.

Figs 17–23. Mastogloia belaensis M in Morphology of two Mastogloia species (Bacillariophyta) from Lac de Guiers (Senegal) and comparison with the type material of M. braunii

Figs 17–23. Mastogloia belaensis M.Voigt. Light micrographs (LM) of valves from the Lac de Guiers population (Van de Vijver sample SEN-42). LM views of several specimens showing variation in valve size and shape. Scale bar: 10 μm.