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955 results for “Ocean data”
Data from: Amelioration of ocean acidification and warming effects through physiological buffering of a macroalgae
<p>Concurrent anthropogenic global climate change and ocean acidification is expected to have a negative impact on calcifying marine organisms. While knowledge of biological responses of organisms to oceanic stress has emerged from single species experiments, these do not capture ecologically relevant scenarios where the potential for multi-organism physiological interactions is assessed. Marine algae provide an interesting case study, as their photosynthetic activity elevates pH in the surrounding microenvironment, potentially buffering more acidic conditions for associated epiphytes. We present findings that indicate increased tolerance of an important epiphytic foraminifera, <em>Marginopora vertebralis</em>, to the effects of increased temperature (±3 °C) and pCO<sub>2</sub> (~1000 µatm) when associated with its common algal host, <em>Laurencia intricata</em>. Specimens of <em>M. vertebralis </em>were incubated for 15 days in flow-through aquaria simulating current and end-of-century temperature and pH conditions. Physiological measures of growth (change in wet weight), calcification (measured change in total alkalinity in closed bottles), photochemical efficiency (<em>Fv/Fm</em>), total chlorophyll, photosynthesis (oxygen flux), and respiration, were determined. When incubated in isolation, <em>M. vertebralis </em>exhibited reduced growth in end-of-century projections of ocean acidification conditions, while calcification rates were lowest in the high-temperature, low-pH treatment. Interestingly, association with<em> L. intricata</em> ameliorated these stress effects with the growth and calcification rates of<em> M. vertebralis </em>being similar to those observed in ambient conditions. Total chlorophyll levels in <em>M. vertebralis</em> decreased when in association with <em>L. intricata</em>, while maximum photochemical efficiency increased in ambient conditions. Net production estimates remained similar between <em>M. vertebralis </em>in isolation and in association with <em>L. intricata</em>, although both production and respiration rates of<em> M. vertebralis</em> were significantly higher when associated with <em>L. intricata</em>. These results indicate that the association with <em>L. intricata</em> increases the resilience of <em>M. vertebralis</em> to stress, providing one of the first examples of physiological buffering by a marine alga that can ameliorate the negative effects of changing ocean conditions.</p>
Data from: Isopycnal mixing suppression by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the Southern Ocean Meridional Overturning Circulation
The meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in the Southern Ocean is investigated using hydrographic observations combined with satellite measurements of sea surface height. A three-dimensional (spatial and vertical) estimate of the isopycnal eddy diffusivity in the Southern Ocean is obtained using the theory of Ferrari and Nikurashin that includes the influence of suppression of the diffusivity by the strong, time-mean flows. It is found that the eddy diffusivity is enhanced at depth, reaching a maximum at the critical layer near 1000 m. The estimate of diffusivity is used with a simple diffusive parameterization to estimate the meridional eddy volume flux. This estimate of eddy volume flux is combined with an estimate of the Ekman transport to reconstruct the time-mean overturning circulation. By comparing the reconstruction with, and without, suppression of the eddy diffusivity by the mean flow, the influence of the suppression on the overturning is illuminated. It is shown that the suppression of the eddy diffusivity results in a large reduction of interior eddy transports and a more realistic eddy-induced overturning circulation. Finally, a simple conceptual model is used to show that the MOC is influenced not only by the existence of enhanced diffusivity at depth but also by the details of the vertical structure of the eddy diffusivity, such as the depth of the critical layer.
2015 Hawaii Ocean Experiment - Legacy 2A, Water Column Data
<p>This dataset consists of samples taken at various depths in the water column from niskin bottles attached to a CTD rosette on the HOE Legacy 2A Diel cruise in 2015. The objective of the cruise was to deploy and follow free-drifting surface drifters in the vicinity of the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) station (Station ALOHA; defined as a circle with a 6 nautical mile radius centered at 22° 45N, 158°W). The overall goal was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the diel patterns in phytoplankton physiology and biogeochemical cycling in near-surface waters of the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. Such diel patterns in ecology are particularly relevant in biological oceanographic research where the planktonic biomass turns over on timescales of days.</p>
2017 Microbial Ecology of the Surface Ocean - SCOPE, Water Column Data
<p>This dataset consists of samples taken at various depths in the water column from niskin bottles attached to a CTD rosette on the MESO-SCOPE cruise in 2017. Mesoscale eddies affect the variability of ocean ecosystems through different dynamics, but an exhaustive description of their influence on the plankton community is still missing, partly due to the complex physical-biological interaction taking place inside the eddies. One of the most well known effects of mesoscale eddies is the vertical displacement of water in their interior due to the geostrophic balance with the eddy circular motion. Since eddies of different polarity displace water in opposite directions, their impact on pelagic ecosystems is postulated to be very different. Based on this information, one of the objectives of the MESO-SCOPE expedition was to study a mesoscale dipole, i.e. a system composed of adjacent cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies. The MESO-SCOPE (Microbial Ecology of the Surface Ocean - Simons Collaboration on Ocean Processes and Ecology) expedition collected oceanographic observations in the region north of the Hawaiian Islands with the aim of identifying the impact of mesoscale eddies on the ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The expedition was funded by the Simons Collaboration on Ocean Processes and Ecology (SCOPE) and hosted on the research vessel Kilo Moana between June 26 and July 15 2017, leaving from and returning to the port of Honolulu. Scientists from eight countries, representing eleven SCOPE laboratories, participated in the MESO-SCOPE expedition and contributed their expertise in research areas as ocean biogeochemistry, molecular biology, bio-optics, plankton taxonomy, microbiology, and ecology.</p>
2016 Hawaii Ocean Experiment - Legacy 4, Water Column Data
<p>This dataset consists of samples taken at various depths in the water column from niskin bottles attached to a CTD rosette on the HOE Legacy 4 cruise in 2016. Mesoscale eddies shape the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem processes in many regions of the World Ocean, but an exhaustive description of their influence on the plankton community is still missing, partly due to the complex physical-biological interaction taking place inside the eddies. HOE-Legacy 4 was an oceanographic cruise organized by the Simons Collaboration on Ocean Processes and Ecology (SCOPE) and the Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (C-MORE) in 2016. The cruise took place in the northeast sector of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre during May 9-14 2016 onboard the research vessel Kaimikai-o-Kanaloa, leaving from and returning to the port of Honolulu. HOE-Legacy 4 was one of a series of cruises investigating the biogeochemical and ecological variability associated with mesoscale eddies, that are regions of the ocean with diameters of tens to hundreds of kilometers characterized by a rotational motion.</p>
2016 Hawaii Ocean Experiment - Legacy 3, Water Column Data
<p>This dataset consists of samples taken at various depths in the water column from niskin bottles attached to a CTD rosette on the HOE Legacy 3 cruise in 2016. The objective of the cruise was to conduct water-column observations and sampling within an anticyclonic eddy to the north of the Hawaiian Islands. Surface drifters were deployed to track the eddy, and water- column sampling was conducted using the CTD-rosettes alongside the drifters for the duration of the cruise. The SVP drifter locations were transmitted every 30 mins.</p>
Data from: Larval development in the Pacific oyster and the impacts of ocean acidification: differential genetic effects in wild and domesticated stocks
<p>The adaptive capacity of marine calcifiers to ocean acidification (OA) is a topic of great interest to evolutionary biologists and ecologists. Previous studies have provided evidence to suggest that larval resilience to high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> seawater for these species is a trait with a genetic basis and variability in natural populations. To date, however, it remains unclear how the selective effects of OA occur within the context of complex genetic interactions underpinning larval development in many of the most vulnerable taxa. Here we evaluated phenotypic and genetic changes during larval development of Pacific oysters (<i>Crassostrea gigas</i>) reared in ambient (~ 400 µatm) and high (~ 1600 µatm) <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> conditions, both in domesticated and naturalized 'wild' oysters from the Pacific Northwest, USA. Using pooled DNA samples, we determined changes in allele frequencies across larval development, from early "D-stage" larvae to metamorphosed juveniles (spat), in both groups and environments. Domesticated larvae had ~ 26% fewer loci with changing allele frequencies across developmental stages and < 50% as many loci affected by acidified culture conditions, compared to larvae from wild brood stock. Functional enrichment analyses of genetic markers with significant changes in allele frequency revealed that the structure and function of cellular membranes were disproportionately affected by high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> conditions in both groups. These results indicate the potential for a rapid adaptive response of oyster populations to OA conditions; however, underlying genetic changes associated with larval development differ between these wild and domesticated oyster stocks and influence their adaptive responses to OA conditions.</p>
Data from: Fear dynamically structures the ocean's pelagic zone
<p><span>Fear of predation can have wide-ranging ecological effects.</span><span>This is especially true in the ocean's pelagic zone, the Earth's largest habitat, where vertical gradients in light and primary productivity force numerous taxa to migrate vertically each night to feed at the surface while minimizing risk from visual predators.</span><span> Despite its importance, and the fact that it is driven by spatial differences in perceived risk,</span><span> diel vertical migration (DVM) is rarely considered within the "landscape of fear"</span><span> framework</span><span>. It is also far from the only such process in the pelagic zone. We used continuous, year-long records from an upward-looking echosounder and broadband hydrophone at a cabled observatory off Central California, USA, to observe avoidance reactions by several groups of pelagic animals to the presence of their predators. As expected, vertical migration was ubiquitous, but we also observed behaviors at shorter and longer time-scales which were best explained by fear of predation. The presence of foraging odontocetes induced immediate diving behavior in mesopelagic sound-scattering layers, and schools of epipelagic fishes induced similar behaviors in layers of zooplankton and mesopelagic micronekton. At longer time scales, the presence of fish schools significantly deepened vertical migration, rearranging life throughout the water column. We argue that behavioral reactions to predation risk are common in the pelagic zone at a range of spatiotemporal scales and that our understanding of food webs and biogeochemical cycling in this immense biome will be incomplete unless we account for fear.</span></p>
Imprints of Ocean Chaotic Intrinsic Variability on Bottom Pressure and Implications for Data and Model Analyses
<p>These data are used for the manuscript "Imprints of Ocean Chaotic Intrinsic Variability on Bottom Pressure and Implications for Data and Model Analyses" to be submitted to Geophysical Research Letter. Uploaded data include:</p> <p>[1] ext_int_quater_deg.nc: atmospherically driven and intrinsic variations for subseasonal, intra-annual and mean seasonal bottom pressure signals at model original resolution.</p> <p>[2] ext_int_3deg.nc: atmospherically driven and intrinsic variations for smoothed subseasonal and intra-annual bottom pressure signals at 3*3 degree resolution.</p> <p>[3] ext_int_10deg.nc: atmospherically driven and intrinsic variations for smoothed intra-annual bottom pressure signals at 10*10 degree resolution.</p> <p>[4] meanseason_timeseries.nc: Time series of mean seasonal bottom pressure signals from all 50 ensemble members over Agulhas Current region and Argentine Basin.</p>
Supporting data for: Oceanic and atmospheric drivers of post-El-Niño chlorophyll rebound in the equatorial Pacific
<p>The GFDL ESM2M, ESM4.1, ESM4.1-static simulation data used for ENSO related chlorophyll and iron analysis in the study are available in this repository. </p> <p>Please contact <a href="mailto:hyung-gyu.lim@noaa.gov">hyung-gyu.lim@noaa.gov</a> for further questions.. </p> <p>The project on "Oceanic and atmospheric drivers of post-El-Niño chlorophyll rebound in the equatorial Pacific" is implemented based on below dataset that is submitted to Geophysical Research Letters at September 2021</p> <p>regridded by 1 degree horizontal resolution for the tropical Pacific region [120E-60W, 20N-20S]</p> <p>ESM2M : chl, temp, fed, no3 for 1001-1100 years</p> <p>ESM4.1: chl, thetao, dfe, no3, od550dust, dep_dry_fed, dep_wet_fed for 501-650 years</p> <p>ESM4.1-static: chlos, dfeos, tos for 501-650 years</p> <p>The tar file in this submission holds the above data. </p>
2017 Microbial Ecology of the Surface Ocean - SCOPE, Downcast CTD Data
<p>This dataset consists of measurements taken at various depths in the water column from CTD sensors attached to a CTD rosette on the MESO-SCOPE cruise in 2017. Mesoscale eddies affect the variability of ocean ecosystems through different dynamics, but an exhaustive description of their influence on the plankton community is still missing, partly due to the complex physical-biological interaction taking place inside the eddies. One of the most well known effects of mesoscale eddies is the vertical displacement of water in their interior due to the geostrophic balance with the eddy circular motion. Since eddies of different polarity displace water in opposite directions, their impact on pelagic ecosystems is postulated to be very different. Based on this information, one of the objectives of the MESO-SCOPE expedition was to study a mesoscale dipole, i.e. a system composed of adjacent cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies. The MESO-SCOPE (Microbial Ecology of the Surface Ocean - Simons Collaboration on Ocean Processes and Ecology) expedition collected oceanographic observations in the region north of the Hawaiian Islands with the aim of identifying the impact of mesoscale eddies on the ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The expedition was funded by the Simons Collaboration on Ocean Processes and Ecology (SCOPE) and hosted on the research vessel Kilo Moana between June 26 and July 15 2017, leaving from and returning to the port of Honolulu. Scientists from eight countries, representing eleven SCOPE laboratories, participated in the MESO-SCOPE expedition and contributed their expertise in research areas as ocean biogeochemistry, molecular biology, bio-optics, plankton taxonomy, microbiology, and ecology.</p>
The interpretation of temperature and salinity variables in numerical ocean model output and the calculation of heat fluxes and heat content - ACCESS-CM2 data and code
<p>This dataset contains post-processed ACCESS-CM2 PI control CMIP6 climate model output and code used to produce Figs. 5, 6 and 9 in the published article:</p> <p>McDougall, T., J., Barker, P.M., Holmes, R.M., Pawlowicz, R., Griffies, S. and Durack, P. (2021): The interpretation of temperature and salinity variables in numerical ocean model output and the calculation of heat fluxes and heat content, <strong>Geoscientific Model Development</strong>, 14, 1–21, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-426">https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-426</a></p> <p>The processed ACCESS-CM2 data is included as .mat files and is accompanied by Matlab processing routines (including code from the TEOS-10 Gibbs SeaWater Oceanographic Toolbox, https://www.teos-10.org/software.htm#1) to produce the figures. A more detailed description of the data are included in README.md. The code and data is also available under version control at <a href="https://github.com/rmholmes/ACCESS_CM2_SpecificHeat/tree/GMD_Published">https://github.com/rmholmes/ACCESS_CM2_SpecificHeat/tree/GMD_Published</a>.</p>
Pseudoproxies for the paper "A pseudoproxy assessment of data assimilation for reconstructing the atmosphere–ocean dynamics of hydroclimate extremes"
<p>Pseudoproxies for the paper “A pseudoproxy assessment of data assimilation for reconstructing the atmosphere–ocean dynamics of hydroclimate extremes” by Steiger and Smerdon 2017.</p> <p>If you have further questions, address them to the author Nathan J. Steiger.</p>
Moisture Flux/Evaporation from the Southern Ocean using AIRS version 6 data
<p>Moisture flux from the southern ocean using AIRS data, daily for 2003-2016. this is using AIRS version 6 data (AIRS/AMSU combination). </p> <p> </p> <p>Boisvert, L., Vihma, T., & Shie, C. L. (2020). Evaporation from the Southern Ocean estimated on the basis of AIRS satellite data. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</em>, <em>125</em>(1), e2019JD030845.</p> <p>https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019JD030845</p>
Data from: Multiple introductions, polyploidy and mixed reproductive strategies are linked to genetic diversity and structure in the most widespread invasive plant across Southern Ocean archipelagos
<p><span>Biological invasions in remote</span> <span>areas that experience low human activity provide unique opportunities to elucidate processes responsible for invasion success. Here we study the most widespread invasive plant species across the isolated islands of the Southern Ocean, the annual bluegrass, Poa annua. To </span><span>analyze</span><span> geographic variation in genome size, genetic diversity, and reproductive strategies, we sampled all major sub-Antarctic archipelagos in this region and generated microsatellite data for 470 individual plants representing 31 populations. We also estimated genome sizes for a subset of individuals using flow cytometry. Occasional events of island colonization are expected to result in high genetic structure among islands, overall low genetic diversity, and increased self-fertilization, but we show that this is not the case for Poa annua. Microsatellite data indicated low population genetic structure and lack of isolation-by-distance</span> <span>among the sub-Antarctic archipelagos we sampled, but high population structure within each archipelago. We identified high levels of genetic diversity, low clonality, and low selfing rates in sub-Antarctic P. annua populations (contrary to rates typical of continental populations). In turn, estimates of autogamy declined in populations as genetic diversity increased. Additionally, we found that most P. annua individuals are likely tetraploid and that only slight variation exists in genome size across the Southern Ocean. Our findings suggest multiple independent introductions of P. annua into the sub-Antarctic, which</span> <span>promoted the establishment of genetically diverse populations. Despite multiple introductions, the adoption of convergent reproductive strategies (outcrossing) happened independently in each major archipelago. The combination of polyploidy and a mixed reproductive strategy likely benefited P. annua in the Southern Ocean by increasing genetic diversity and its ability to cope with the novel environmental conditions.</span></p>
Code and data for "Two-way coupled long-wave isentropic ocean-atmosphere dynamics"
<p>This repository contains the code and data needed to replicate the figures and simulations in the JFM Paper: "Two-way coupled long-wave isentropic ocean-atmosphere dynamics". Please see the readme.txt file for details.</p> <p>Edit:</p> <p>-v3 added a jfm_pysonly.zip which contains only the Python scripts to create the figures to allow for a faster separate download</p> <p>-v2 updated with JFM paper DOI https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.131 in file headers</p>
Variability of Eddy Kinetic Energy in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean inferred from a Model Simulation at 1-km Resolution (data)
<p>Data for "Variability of Eddy Kinetic Energy in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean inferred from a Model Simulation at 1-km Resolution"</p>
Data for: Ocean acidification has a strong effect on communities living on plastic in mesocosms
<p><span>We conducted a mesocosm experiment to examine how ocean acidification (OA) affects communities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes growing on single-use drinking bottles in subtropical eutrophic waters of the East China Sea. Based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing, simulated high CO<sub>2</sub> significantly altered the prokaryotic community, with the relative abundance of the phylum Planctomycetota increasing by 49 % under high CO<sub>2</sub>. Under high CO<sub>2</sub>, prokaryotes in plastisphere significantly enhanced nitrogen dissimilation and ureolysis, raising the possibility that elevated CO<sub>2</sub> may modify nutrient cycling in subtropical eutrophic waters. The relative abundance of pathogenic and animal parasite bacteria also increased under simulated high CO<sub>2</sub></span><span>.</span><span> Our results show that simulated high CO<sub>2</sub> significantly affected some secondary producers based on 18S rDNA gene sequencing. For example, Mayorella amoebae were highly resistant to OA whereas labyrinthulids were sensitive to high CO<sub>2</sub>. This shows that OA may alter plastisphere food chains in subtropical eutrophic waters.</span></p>
Data accompanying "Diurnal variability of the upper ocean simulated by a climate model"
<p>Data used for creating figures in the draft article "Diurnal variability of the upper ocean simulated by a climate model". This includes:</p> <ul> <li>Multi-year, monthly mean diurnal cycle metrics at all model grid points.</li> <li>Monthly mean diurnal cycle data for individual years at selected locations.</li> </ul> <p>Code used to create these data files, and to create the plots, is in a Github repository (https://github.com/JackReevesEyre/cfs-analysis-gaea/). The repository is also archived on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846095).</p>
The data files for the article "Impact of the core deformation on the tidal heating and flow in Enceladus' subsurface ocean"
<p>The data are given for each figure and each file contains a header regarding information on the columns in the data files. </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.