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4,157 results for “Survival.”
Northern Yellowstone Elk survival and competing risks
<p>Prey vulnerability to predation can vary by life history stage, and prey population stage structure determines the strength a predator species wields on their community. Prey population stage structure can vary over time, yet little is known about how temporal change in prey stage structure influences predator-prey interactions. We used data of wolves hunting adult female elk in Yellowstone National Park to demonstrate that stage-selective wolf predation of old individuals (>11 years old) was more additive than wolf predation of young individuals (2–11 years old). Additive predation of older elk coupled with an aging female elk population increased the strength of wolf predation over time. When vulnerable prey comprise an increasing proportion of a population, their early demise may decrease population growth. Accounting for temporal variation in predation risk across a prey population is therefore critical to understanding the community-level consequences of predator-prey interactions.</p>
Data from: Development time, survival, and performance of Lepidoptera reared at constant temperatures
<p><span>This dataset is a compilation of lepidopteran development and survival rates measured at constant temperatures in the laboratory and reported in peer-reviewed publications. We compiled these data to reconstruct thermal performance curves. Thermal performance curves (TPCs) depict variation in vital rates in response to temperature and have been an important tool to understand ecological and evolutionary constraints on the thermal sensitivity of ectotherms. TPCs allow for the calculation of indicators of thermal tolerance, such as minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures that allow for a given metabolic function. However, these indicators are computed using only responses from surviving individuals, which can lead to underestimation of deleterious effects of thermal stress, particularly at high temperatures. We advocate for an integrative framework for assessing thermal sensitivity, which combines both vital rates and survival probabilities, and focuses on the temperature interval that allows for population persistence. Using a collated data set of lepidopteran development rate and survival measured on the same individuals, we showed (see associated publication) that development rate is generally limiting at low temperatures, while survival is limiting at high temperatures. We also uncover differences between life stages and across latitudes, with extended survival at lower temperatures in temperate regions. Our combined performance metric demonstrates similar thermal breadth in temperate and tropical individuals, an effect that only emerges from integration of both development and survival trends. We discuss the benefits of using this framework in future predictive and management contexts.</span></p>
Survival of juvenile Florida Scrub-Jays is positively correlated with month and negatively correlated with male breeder death
<p>Juvenile survival in birds is difficult to estimate, but this vital rate can be an important consideration for management decisions. We estimated juvenile survival of cooperatively breeding Florida Scrub-Jays (<em>Aphelocoma</em> <em>coerulescens</em>) in a landscape degraded by fire suppression and fragmentation using data from marked (n = 325) and unmarked juveniles (n = 1,306) with an integrated hierarchical Bayesian model. To assess the combined analyses, we also analyzed these datasets separately, with a Cormack–Jolly–Seber model (marked) and a young model (unmarked). Our data consisted of monthly censuses of territorial family groups from Florida Scrub-Jay populations in East Central Florida collected over a 22-year period. Juvenile survival was estimated from July when young Florida Scrub-Jays begin developing independence to March when they become first-year individuals and grouped according to the habitat quality class of their natal territory that were based on shrub height (with intermediate shrub heights being optimal and short and tall shrub heights being suboptimal) and the presence of sandy openings (the preferred open having many sandy openings; closed not having enough). Parameter estimates in the combined analysis were intermediate to the separate analyses. Notable differences among the separate analyses were that suboptimal habitat survival was lower in the unmarked analysis, the unmarked analysis showed a linear effect of time not seen in the marked analysis, and there was an effect of male breeder death in the marked but not unmarked analysis. The combined data analysis provided more inference than did either dataset analyzed separately including juveniles in optimal-closed territories unexpectedly had higher survival than those in optimal-open, survival increased through time, and male breeder death had a negative effect on survival. This study suggests that optimal-closed habitat may play an important role in juvenile Florida Scrub-Jay survival perhaps by providing better cover from predators and warrants further investigation for management implications.</p>
Northern bobwhite adult breeding season and nest survival Missouri 2014-2018
<p>These data and code are associated with the publication in The Journal of Wildlife Management entitled "Northern Bobwhite breeding season and nest survival are greater on native grasslands." We evaluated the influence of vegetation cover type, woody vegetation structure and composition, and habitat management on nest survival and adult survival from May through September in southwest Missouri 2014-2018.</p>
Predator exclosures increase nest success but reduce adult survival and increase dispersal distance of Piping Plovers, indicating exclosures should be used with caution
<p>Diagnosing unsuccessful population outcomes for endangered species requires understanding relationships among vital rates, ecological conditions, and management variables, including unintended consequences of management actions. The federally-threatened Piping Plover (<em>Charadrius melodus</em>) has remained below recovery goals, despite intensive management, including the use of nest exclosures to protect eggs from predation. We studied ecological factors and management actions affecting nest success, survival, site fidelity, and dispersal of the New Jersey, USA population of Piping Plovers over a seven-year period, focused on evaluating the impact of exclosures on demography. While exclosures increased nest success by 62% over a 34-day period, exclosed nests were 4.7 times more likely to be abandoned, which was likely a consequence of adult mortality. Abandoned nests were associated with lower adult survival, particularly for males, but there was evidence that site fidelity was greater for birds whose last nest was exclosed vs. unexclosed. Regardless of exclosure status, females who abandoned their first nesting attempt dispersed 10 times farther between attempts than those whose first nest attempts were lost to other causes. Moreover, females that abandoned their last nesting attempts dispersed farther than females that lost their last nest to predation or flooding. This difference was more substantial for males. Our results corroborate studies documenting adverse impacts of exclosures on survival, and, for the first time, demonstrate that surviving mates (particularly females) emigrate from the breeding site, resulting in a realized loss of a local breeding pair. Further, we used an online population project model (i.e., PiperEx) to demonstrate that exclosures are not expected to improve growth rates in New Jersey. We conclude that there is a tradeoff among increased nest survival, reduced adult survival and increased emigration rates, and we encourage managers to consider whether exclosures are worth the protection of eggs from predators using online decision support tools.</p>
"It was recorded on Sunday, morning of the 28th of September as some of the slower runners of the Berlin Marathon made it past Torstrasse near my flat. Iwas out to buy some bread for breakfast, but Iusually bring a camera and my Edirol R-1 recorder whenever Igo out. Since Iwas freshly returned to Berlin Iguess Iwas sensitive to the more antiquated sounds which still survive there, like that of the organ grinder. Iam generally interested in how human beings are replacing the presence of Nature with an artificial environment made entirely by human hands (and thus far more understandable, it is hoped). In this new Human Nature, the sounds of Nature are also Human made. Iwrite about these things, but Ialso use the sounds in my videos and my interactive and generative media work, so generally Iam wandering around building up my archive of media documents for use as material in future works." [Baruch/ gottlieb]17 in Collecting Sounds. Online Sharing of Field Recordings as Cultural Practice
"It was recorded on Sunday, morning of the 28th of September as some of the slower runners of the Berlin Marathon made it past Torstrasse near my flat. Iwas out to buy some bread for breakfast, but Iusually bring a camera and my Edirol R-1 recorder whenever Igo out. Since Iwas freshly returned to Berlin Iguess Iwas sensitive to the more antiquated sounds which still survive there, like that of the organ grinder. Iam generally interested in how human beings are replacing the presence of Nature with an artificial environment made entirely by human hands (and thus far more understandable, it is hoped). In this new Human Nature, the sounds of Nature are also Human made. Iwrite about these things, but Ialso use the sounds in my videos and my interactive and generative media work, so generally Iam wandering around building up my archive of media documents for use as material in future works." [Baruch/ gottlieb]17
Natal forest fragment size does not predict fledgling, pre-migration, or apparent annual survival in Wood Thrushes
<p>Determining the drivers and mechanisms for first-year survival of migratory songbirds has been an understudied area in population dynamics due to the difficulty in tracking juveniles once they have dispersed from the natal site. With the advancement in miniaturization of radio-tags (battery life ~400 days) and the development of the Motus Wildlife Tracking System, we tracked 189 Wood Thrush nestlings through independence and to fall migration departure, and their return the following spring. Natal forest fragment size was not a good predictor of survival at any of the main life stages and onset of fall migration was predicted by fledge date but not natal fragment size. The percent forest cover in the landscape (at 2-km scale) had only a weak effect on fledgling survival. Survival probability was lowest for fledglings on their natal territory (70%, or 0.86 weekly survival probability), very high for juveniles as they explored the local landscape prior to fall migration (89%, or 0.99 weekly survival probability) and low during their first migration and wintering season (26%, or 0.95 weekly survival probability). To our knowledge, this is the first study to directly estimate annual apparent juvenile survival in a migratory songbird using year-round radio-tracking. Our study suggests that small forest fragments are important for the conservation for forest songbirds because they can support high survival of juveniles. </p>
The irreplaceable role of surviving megafauna in long-distance seed dispersal: Evidence from an experiment with Neotropical mammals
<p>The downsizing of disperser assemblages by selective defaunation is a worldwide phenomenon thought to have important consequences in animal-dispersed plants. Numerous large-seeded Neotropical plants currently depend on the last megafaunal survivors, the large tapirs <em>Tapirus</em> spp., and medium-sized frugivores. The extent to which medium frugivores are functionally equivalent to tapirs remains unresolved. We combined feeding trials, seed dispersal kernel modeling based on seed retention times and animal movement simulation (Levy walks), and germination experiments in a large-seeded palm to assess the dispersal quality provided by the largest (tapirs) and two medium (foxes and howler monkeys) frugivore species in terms of dispersal distances and gut passage effects on germination. Tapirs retained the seeds in the gut for much longer (mean=221 hours) than howlers (43 h) and foxes (22 h). Median dispersal distance by tapirs (1252 m) was 14 and 40 times larger than that by foxes (88 m) and howlers (31 m), respectively. The seed dispersal kernel of tapirs showed a 5<sup>th</sup> percentile value (291 m) larger than the 95<sup>th</sup> percentiles of foxes (285 m) and howlers (108 m). Manually depulped and gut-passed seeds germinated in similar proportions, showing, respectively, 3.5 and 2.5―2.9 times higher values than intact fruits. Germination probability and seed viability decreased with retention time in howlers' and tapirs' gut, with howlers showing a steeper negative relationship. Such detrimental effect implies a trade-off between germination success and dispersal distance. We conclude that tapirs may not play a unique role in germination enhancement but move seeds much further than medium frugivores, thus playing a critical role as long-distance dispersers of many plants. This study provides important insights on palm–frugivore interactions and the potential consequences for large-seeded plants of losing the last megafaunal representatives in the Neotropics.</p>
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Event Free Survival With Iron Chelation Therapy Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00940602. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 16. Publications: 1.
Data from: Wood ducks and hooded mergansers as interspecific brood parasites: An evaluation of parasitic egg survival
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Water depth influences survival and predator-specific patterns of nest loss in three secretive marsh bird species
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Data from: Selection on early survival does not explain germination rate clines in Mimulus cardinalis
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Data from: Ability of seedlings to survive heat and drought portends future demographic challenges for five southwestern US conifers
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Differential selection for survival and for growth in adaptive laboratory evolution experiments with benzalkonium chloride
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The irreplaceable role of surviving megafauna in long-distance seed dispersal: Evidence from an experiment with Neotropical mammals
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Northern Yellowstone Elk survival and competing risks
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Data from: Integrating tracking and resight data enables unbiased inferences about migratory connectivity and winter range survival from archival tags
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Unraveling community adaption and survival strategy of soil microbiome under vanadium stress in nationwide mining environments
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Data from: Survival limits of yeasts and other extremophilic microorganisms with relevance for planetary protection of the icy moons
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Recovery of the full in vivo firing range in post-lesion surviving DA SN neurons associated with Kv4.3-mediated pacemaker plasticity
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.