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Dataset results
339 results for “Vincetoxicum”
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (BR0000010790038)
Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (BR0000009309333)
Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (BR0000010789919)
Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (BR0000010789858)
Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (BR0000010790458)
Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (BR0000005252923)
Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.
An experimental application of Hypena opulenta as a biocontrol agent for the invasive vine Vincetoxicum rossicum
<p>1. Pre-release testing for biological control agents is focused primarily on assessment of host-range specificity and safety of potential agents. Agent impact is considered pre-release, however the ultimate assessment of an agent must occur following release in the field under the target population levels and conditions of the invaded ecosystems. The invasive Eurasian vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum, has spread aggressively through its invaded range of eastern North America since its initial introduction in the late 1800's. In laboratory tests, the Eurasian moth Hypena opulenta has shown great promise as a potential control agent for V. rossicum.</p> <p>2. We were interested in the defoliating ability of H. opulenta and its subsequent effect on the seed production of V. rossicum under field conditions. To examine this, we established a field site near Kirkfield, Ontario that consisted of meadow and forest understory plots, both of which were highly invaded by V. rossicum.</p> <p>3. We report highly significant feeding by H. opulenta in both light conditions. Unexpectedly, we observed a significant increase in seed production following folivory in shade conditions. We observed no significant effect of larval folivory on seed production under sun conditions, where V. rossicum seed production is greater by a factor of ten as compared to shade conditions.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and application: It is unclear how continuous exposure to folivory by H. opulenta will affect mature V. rossicum stands, although it might be expected that such populations would invest in defenses to herbivory, possibly at the expense of reproductive output. In order to better understand if V. rossicum populations in either light condition could exhibit longer-term compensatory growth in response to folivory, further experimental work is needed that examines inter-annual variability in V. rossicum reproduction at variable H. opulenta densities.</p>
Microsatellite data of Vincetoxicum hirundinaria offspring and their inferred mother plants from 13 populations in the South-Western Finnish Archipelago
<p>Fragmented landscapes may have implications for the genetic structure of populations and for the microevolution of plant species. In particular, landscape fragmentation and/or population isolation might affect the evolution of plant mating systems. Here, we study the consequences of landscape fragmentation on the genetic structure of populations of a perennial herb, <i>Vincetoxicum hirundinaria </i>with a mixed mating system. Our study area, the south-western Finnish archipelago, was formed after the glacial ice sheet started to retreat 12 000 years ago. Due to the isostatic land uplift following the glacial retreat, suitable habitats have been formed gradually, and as a consequence, populations of <i>V. hirundinaria</i> differ in age, size and their degree of isolation in the area. We hypothesized that a mixed-mating system has been selected for in these populations due to the advantage of self-fertilization in newly colonized areas and the advantage of outcrossing in adaptation to heterogeneous environments. To test this hypothesis, we collected seeds of open-pollinated flowers from 13 <i>V. hirundinaria</i> populations differing in size, age and isolation, and used 15 microsatellite markers to perform progeny-array analysis to estimate population-level outcrossing rates, population genetic indices and population structure. We found that <i>V. hirundinaria</i> is almost completely outcrossing in the study area with no signs of past self-fertilization and/or mating among relatives. The overall low inbreeding coefficients indicate that even in small populations mating among relatives is rare. High allelic richness of both maternal and offspring genotypes as well as limited genetic differentiation among the studied populations indicate strong gene flow among them. Our findings suggest that <i>V. hirundinaria</i> has successful seed and pollen dispersal among populations that has allowed colonization of new habitats in this fragmented landscape and led to a genetically well-mixed group of populations at the scale of the study.</p>
An experimental application of Hypena opulenta as a biocontrol agent for the invasive vine Vincetoxicum rossicum
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Microsatellite data of Vincetoxicum hirundinaria offspring and their inferred mother plants from 13 populations in the South-Western Finnish Archipelago
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Long-term persisting hybrid swarm and geographic difference in hybridization pattern: genetic consequences of secondary contact between two Vincetoxicum species (Apocynaceae–Asclepiadoideae)
Background: During glacial periods, glacial advances caused temperate plant extirpation or retreat into localized warmer areas, and subsequent postglacial glacial retreats resulted in range expansions, which facilitated secondary contact of previously allopatric isolated lineages. The evolutionary outcomes of secondary contact, including hybrid zones, dynamic hybrid swarm, and resultant hybrid speciation, depends on the strengths of reproductive barriers that have arisen through epistatic and pleiotropic effects during allopatric isolation. The aim of this study was to demonstrate refugia isolation and subsequent secondary contact between two perennial Asclepioid species and to assess the genetic consequences of the secondary contact. We modeled the range shift of two ecologically distinct Vincetoxicum species using the species distribution model (SDM) and assessed the genetic consequences of secondary contact by combining morphological and genetic approaches. We performed morphometric analysis (592 individuals) and examined 10 nuclear microsatellites (671 individuals) in V. atratum, V. japonicum, and putative hybrid populations. Results: Multivariate analysis, model-based Bayesian analysis, and non-model-based discriminant analysis of principal components confirmed the hybridization between V. atratum and V. japonicum. High pollen fertility and a lack of linkage disequilibrium suggested that the hybrid populations may be self-sustaining and have persisted since V. atratum and V. japonicum came into contact during the post-glacial period. Moreover, our findings show that the pattern of hybridization between V. atratum and V. japonicum is unidirectional and differs among populations. Geographically-isolated hybrid populations exist as genetically distinct hybrid swarms that consist of V. atratum-like genotypes, V. japonicum-like genotypes, or admixed genotypes. In addition, Bayesian-based clustering analysis and coalescent-based estimates of long-term gene flow showed patterns of introgressive hybridization in three morphologically 'pure' V. japonicum populations. Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated that climatic oscillations during the Quaternary period likely led to species range shift and subsequently secondary contact. Hybrid populations may be self-sustaining and have persisted since V. atratum and V. japonicum came into contact during the post-glacial period. Pattern of hybridization between V. atratum and V. japonicum is unidirectional and differs among populations. We concluded that these differences in the genetic consequences of secondary contact are caused by historical colonization processes and/or natural selection.
FIGURE 3. Vincetoxicum junzifengense B.J in Vincetoxicum junzifengense (Apocynaceae), a new species from Fujian, China: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses
FIGURE 3. Vincetoxicum junzifengense B.J.Ye & S.P.Chen. A. Habit. B. Front view of corolla. C. Lateral view of corolla. D. Corona. E. Pollinia. F. Follicles.
FIGURE 1 in Vincetoxicum junzifengense (Apocynaceae), a new species from Fujian, China: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree obtained by maximum-likelihood analysis of the combined matrix. The numbers near the nodes are bootstrap percentages and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BP ML, PP, BP MP). Only bootstrap percentages>50% are shown. Separate combined nrITS (A) and plastid (B) results are shown in the top right corner. A dash (-) indicates that a node is inconsistent between the topology of the MP/ML trees and the Bayesian tree; *node is 100 bootstrap percentage or 1.00 posterior probability.
FIGURE 2. Vincetoxicum junzifengense B.J in Vincetoxicum junzifengense (Apocynaceae), a new species from Fujian, China: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses
FIGURE 2. Vincetoxicum junzifengense B.J.Ye & S.P.Chen. A. Habit. B. Back of leaf. C. Root. D. Front view of corolla. E. Back view of corolla. F. Corona. G. Gynostegium. H. Follicles. I. Pollinarium.
FIGURE 5 in Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China
FIGURE 5. Similar species Vincetoxicum henryi (A–C), V. insigne (D–F), and V. microcentrum (G–I). A, D, G, flowering plant; B, E, H, inflorescence; C, F, I, flower in top view; A, B photographed by Hou-Lin Zhou from Wushan County; C photographed by Cai-Fei Zhang from Hou-Lin Zhou in Cai-Fei Zhang 6531 (HIB); D–F photographed by Rui Tang from Daocheng County, Sichuan Province, China; G–I photographed by Cai-Fei Zhang and based on Miao Liao ZJLM02 (HIB).
FIGURE 3. Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum Cai F. Zhang, G.W in Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China
FIGURE 3. Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum Cai F. Zhang, G.W. Hu & Q.F. Wang. A–B, habit; C–D, flowering branch; E–F, inflorescence. A, E, F photographed by Feng Chen from the type locality; B photographed by Hou-Lin Zhou from Fengjie County; C, D photographed by Hou-Lin Zhou from Wushan County.
FIGURE 1 in Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China
FIGURE 1. Distribution of Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum Cai F. Zhang, G.W. Hu & Q.F. Wang in the Three Gorges in Central China.
FIGURE 2 in Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum Cai F. Zhang, G.W. Hu & Q.F. Wang (HIB [HIB0208169]). Photographed by Cai-Fei Zhang.
FIGURE 4. Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum Cai F. Zhang, G.W in Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China
FIGURE 4. Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum Cai F. Zhang, G.W. Hu & Q.F. Wang. A, leaf on lower stem, adaxial (leaf) and abaxial (right) surfaces; B, leaf on upper stem, adaxial (leaf) and abaxial (right) surfaces; C, flower in back view; D, flower in front view; E, flower in top view; F, gynostegium in top view; G, gynostegium and corona in side view; H, dissected gynostegium; I, pollinarium; J, compressed seeds with one surface slightly convex and papillose (left) and the other surface nearly flat (right); K, infructescence. C, D photographed by Hou-Lin Zhou from Wushan County; A, B photographed by Yan Wang from Hou-Lin Zhou in Cai-Fei Zhang 6512; E–K photographed by Yan Wang and Cai-Fei Zhang from the type collection.
FIGURE 6 in Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China
FIGURE 6. Comparison of coronas (arrows) among Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (A), V. emeiense (B), V. henryi (C), V. insigne (D) and V. microcentrum (E). A photographed by Yan Wang from the type collection; B provided by Si-Yuan Zeng from the type collection; C photographed by Cai-Fei Zhang from Hou-Lin Zhou in Cai-Fei Zhang 6531 (HIB); D from Tsiang (1941: fig. 12); E photographed by Cai-Fei Zhang from Miao Liao ZJLM02 (HIB).
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