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Fig.3 in The Experimental Data On Sun-Basking Activity Of European Pond Turtle Emys Orbicularis In Natural Climate In Latvia: Dynamics And Correlation With The Meteorological Factors
Fig.3. Basic forms of sun-basking activity of Emys Fig.4. Basic forms of sun-basking activity of Emys orbicularis registered in the study: lying in the orbicularis registered in the study: heating under shadow. the sun in the shoal.
Fig. 3 in The correlations between certain features of the journal Neotropical Ichthyology and its impact factor: a comparative analysis at the thematic and national levels
Fig. 3. Correlation between average IF and uncitedness rate of journals on zoology in Sample 1 between 2006 and 2010. The highlighted represents the data for Neotropical Ichthyology.
Evolution of the correlated genomic variation landscape across a divergence continuum in the genus Castanopsis
<p>The heterogeneous landscape of genomic variation has been well documented in population genomic studies. However, disentangling the intricate interplay of evolutionary forces influencing the genetic variation landscape over time remains challenging. In this study, we assembled a chromosome-level genome for <em>Castanopsis eyrei</em> and sequenced the whole genomes of 276 individuals from 12 <em>Castanopsis</em> species, spanning a broad divergence continuum. We found highly correlated genomic variation landscapes across these species. Furthermore, variations in genetic diversity and differentiation along the genome were strongly associated with recombination rates and gene density. These results suggest that long-term linked selection and conserved genomic features have contributed to the formation of a common genomic variation landscape. By examining how correlations between population summary statistics change throughout the species divergence continuum, we determined that background selection alone does not fully explain the observed patterns of genomic variation; the effects of recurrent selective sweeps must be considered. We further revealed that extensive gene flow has significantly influenced patterns of genomic variation in <em>Castanopsis</em> species. The estimated admixture proportion correlated positively with recombination rate and negatively with gene density, supporting a scenario of selection against gene flow. Additionally, putative introgression regions exhibited strong signals of positive selection, an enrichment of functional genes, and reduced genetic burdens, indicating that adaptive introgression has played a role in shaping the genomes of hybridizing species. This study provides insights into how different evolutionary forces have interacted in driving the evolution of the genomic variation landscape.</p>
It is good to be average: Ecological correlates of breeding phenology in an Arctic seabird, Alle alle (Dovekie)
<p>Recognising importance of deviation from a population mean in an animal's behavior is not only necessary to understand the evolution and stability of the whole system but also to predict the future of a population in an altering environment. Arctic seabirds are expected to exhibit high synchronization in timing of breeding at the population level, due to highly seasonal and harsh environmental conditions. Nevertheless, even in such a highly synchronized system, there are always some earlier and later breeders, and what causes this inter-pair variation remains an intriguing question. Using a set of eight years of data on the dovekie (<em>Alle alle</em>), a small Arctic seabird, we examined potential drivers of the observed distribution of breeding phenology. We found that dovekie pairs were quite repeatable in their phenology, and preserved their phenological status, with their chicks hatching consistently before, during, or after the population median date for hatching, despite that calendar position of the median shifted between years. This would suggest that the timing of breeding is associated with some pair characteristics, either via properties of the nest or/and some partners traits. However, breeding phenology of the pair was not dependent on nest location, neither pair bond duration nor morphological similarity of the partners. Importantly, timing of breeding was negatively associated with chick growth rate, indicating fitness consequences of phenology. Our simulation further suggests that chance of fledgling survival in the context of predation may be the highest for the chicks that hatched during the peak of hatching period. While our results suggest that the timing of the breeding is important for the reproductive outcome, further research is required to determine the drivers of the repeatability within the dovekie pairs.</p>
FIGURE 5 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 5. SEM micrographs of selected plant macrofossils from Mary Sachs gravel at Duck Hawk Bluffs, southern Banks Island. (A) Microdiptera/Mneme type (Lythraceae), seed, cross-section with germination valve to top, sample MRA 7-18-91-3, GSC 141399; note the absence of obvious dorsal furrows as seen on specimen from the Ballast Brook Formation (Fyles et al., 1994). Germination valve contains approximately ten rows of pits; (B) Parthenocissus? (Vitaceae), half of seed, ventral face showing one ventral infold, sample MRA 7-1-88-2, GSC 141400; (C) Microdiptera/Mneme type (Lythraceae), two joined seeds, ventral view with apex up, sample MRA 7-18-91-3, GSC 141401; note that the specimen on the right contains a fold on the wing, undoubtedly due to packing of the seeds in the capsule. This indicates how one of the characters used to distinguish Microdiptera from Mneme, relative development of the 'wings' is likely due to considerable variation even in seeds from the same plant and supports Tiffneyʼs (1981) conclusion about the dubious validity of the many named species; (D) Orchidaceae?, seed, sample FG 91-13a, GSC 141402; (E) Nigrella sp. (Melastomaceae), seed, from the site 3 type section of the Ballast Brook Formation (see Fyles et al. 1994), GSC 141421.
FIGURE 9 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 9. SEM micrographs of selected plant fossils from Neogene deposits in the high terrace sections on Ellesmere Island, and Beaufort Formation, Meighen Island. (A) cf. Tubela (Betulaceae), seed, Riediger site, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, sample FG 89-28a, GSC 141414; a specimen very similar to this one was dissected and found to contain an Alnus-type seed like those referred to A. tertiaria in Matthews, 1987; (B) Picea mariana/rubra type (Pinaceae), cross-section of needle showing resin canals (arrows), Beaver Peat, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, sample FG- 88-51b, GSC 141415; (C) Thesium? (Santalaceae), seed, Prince Patrick Island, NWT, Green Bay beds, sample FG 87-10a/2, GSC 141416; (D) Calla sp. (Araceae), seed, Beaver Pond, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, FG 88-8b, GSC 141417; (E) Unknown seed, Beaver Pond, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, FG-88-8b, GSC 141418; (F) Comptonia sp. (Myricaceae), seed, Meighen Island, Nunavut, sample MRA 7-25-75-5, GSC 141419.
FIGURE 8 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 8. Selected leaf fossils from the Fyles Leaf Beds site (17), Ellesmere Island, Nunavut. Scale bar equals 10 mm. (A–V) Betula spp. (Betulaceae). Note the diversity of types ranging from some similar to those from the dwarf shrub species, B. nana (e.g., D, G, O, Q), contrasted with others (e.g., S, U, V) which are more typical of high shrub and tree species of Betula; (W) Skeletonized leaf of Salix, very similar to the type seen in S. reticulata (Salicaceae). (X) Fragment of Vaccinium sp. (Ericaceae) leaf showing peculiar circular perforations; (Y) Skeletonized leaf of Salix sp. (Salicaceae); (Z) Photograph of leaves in situ in the alternating sand and organic layers of Fyles Leaf Beds. (AA– II) Dryas cf. octopetala type (Rosaceae).
FIGURE 1 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 1. Distribution of sites and geographical features mentioned in the text. Siberian localities are from Baranova and Biske (1979). Shaded areas are shown in greater detail in Figures 2 and 4. Numbers refer to site codes used in Appendix 1 and throughout this paper.
FIGURE 7 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 7. SEM micrographs of selected plant macrofossils from Mary Sachs gravel at Duck Hawk Bluffs, southern Banks Island, NWT. (A) Saxifraga sp. (Saxifragaceae), seed, sample FG 91-13a, GSC 141407; (B) Hydrangea?, sample FG 91-13a, GSC 141408; (C) Morus sp. (Moraceae), seed, sample MRA 7-23-85-2, GSC 141409; (D) Physalis sp. (Solanaceae), seed, sample MRA 7-7-88-3, GSC 141412; note in magnified view of the seed the pits in the lumina which distinguish Physalis from Solanum (Mai and Walther, 1988); (E) Teucrium sp. (Lamiaceae), seed, sample MRA 7-18-91-3, GSC 141413.
FIGURE 3 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 3. SEM micrographs of Epipremnum from Banks Island. (A) Epipremnum seed, external view, Ballast Brook, "lower Beaufort Lignite", GSC 108847; (B) Epipremnum seed, internal view, Ballast Brook Formation, lower member, Sample 2, GSC 141420.
FIGURE 10 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 10. Correlation diagram. See text for details. Black circles and sites in bold face are independently dated. Note scale change in the Miocene part of the table. Double pointed arrows indicate possible age range of the site. Shaded column between certain sets indicates sites in stratigraphic superposition. Grey dotted line (10) indicates that although the flora appears mid-Miocene, the flora and surrounding sediment may have been redeposited much later. (1) Lava Camp mine, western Alaska (5.9 Ma); (2) Lost Chicken mine, east central Alaska (2.9 Ma); (3) Niguanak site, northern Alaska; (4) Cone Bluff, Porcupine River, east central Alaska; (5) Canyon Village section, Porcupine River, east central Alaska (6.4 Ma, late Miocene); (6) Upper Ramparts site, Porcupine River, east central Alaska (16 Ma); (7) Circle Gravels, east central Alaska (early Pliocene); (8a and 8b) Chʼijeeʼs Bluff, Unit 1 (8a) and Unit 2 (8b), northern Yukon; (9a and 9b) Bluefish Section, northern Yukon; (10) Mary Sachs gravel, southern Banks Island, NWT; (11a and 11b) Ballast Brook Formation (11a) and Beaufort Formation (11b) at Ballast Brook, northern Banks Island, NWT; (12a and 12b) Prince Patrick Island, NWT; typical Beaufort deposits from many sites on the island (12a) and Green Bay beds (12b); (13) Melville Island, NWT; Beaufort Formation; (14) Bathurst Island, Nunavut; Beaufort Formation; (15a and 15b) Meighen Island, Nunavut; deposits below (15a) and above (15b) the approximately 3 Ma marine unit within the Beaufort Formation; (16) Beaver Pond locality, Strathcona Fiord, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut (3.9 Ma); (17) Fyles Leaf beds site near the Beaver Pond locality at Strathcona Fiord, Ellesmere Island, NWT (3.8 Ma); (18a) Riediger Site, Ellesmere Island, NWT; (18b) Site within 2 km of Riediger Site, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut; (19a) Rochon Site, Vendom Fiord region, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut; (19b) Typical high terrace sediments near the Rochon site on Vendom Fiord, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut; (20) Isachsen Site near the head of Makinson Inlet, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut; (21) Capping gravels and sands at Geodetic Hills Eocene locality, Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut; (22) West River site near Horton River upland, northern mainland, coast, NWT; (23) Plateau Cap gravels, Horton upland, northern mainland coast, NWT; (24) Remus Creek site, Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, NWT; (25) South Bay site, Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut; (26) Fosheim Dome, Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut.
FIGURE 6 in Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations
FIGURE 6. SEM micrographs of selected plant macrofossils from the Neogene on the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. (A) Rubus sp. (Rosaceae), seed, Mary Sachs gravel, sample MRA 7-7-88-1, GSC 141422; (B) Ludwigia sp. (Onagraceae), seed, Mary Sachs gravel, sample FG 91-13a, GSC 141403; (C) Verbena sp. (Verbenaceae), seed, Prince Patrick Island, NWT, Beaufort Formation, GSC 141404; (D) Unknown seed; Beaver Pond, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, sample FG 88-8b, GSC 141405; (E) Cross-section of seed of the same type as shown in D, Beaver Pond, sample FG 88-8b, GSC 141406.
Supplementary Datasets and Movies for the Paper "Mapping finite-fault earthquake slip using spatial correlation between seismicity and point-source Coulomb failure stress change"
<p>Supplementary Datasets and Movies for the Paper <br><strong>Mapping finite-fault earthquake slip using spatial correlation between seismicity and point-source Coulomb failure stress change </strong><br>by Anthony Lomax</p> <p>DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.05437" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.05437</a></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Movie S1 Animation of the 2018, Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska sequence and background seismicity 2014-2022.</strong> Relocated seismicity shown for: 2014 – 2018 mainshock (light blue), 2018 mainshock – 1 month after mainshock (green), 1 month after mainshock through 2022 (light orange); large black dot indicates the Mw 7.1 mainshock hypocenter. See figure caption in main paper for more details.</p> <p><strong>Movie S2 Animation of seismicity-stress, 3D finite-faulting potential slip results the 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska earthquake sequence.</strong> The high-potential portion of the seismicity-stress finite-faulting field is shown in red for west-dipping reciever faults inferred from the first 1 day of aftershocks (blue dots) after the 2018 mainshock (large black dot). See figure caption in main paper for more details.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>CSV (.csv) and NLL-Hypocenter (.hyp) format catalogs of NLL-SSST-coherence relocations used in this study:</strong></p> <p>Parkfield_2022_NLL-SSST-coherence_20231201A.csv<br>Parkfield_2022_NLL-SSST-coherence_20231201A.hyp</p> <p>AntelopeValley_2021_NLL-SSST-coherence_20231223A.csv<br>AntelopeValley_2021_NLL-SSST-coherence_20231223A.hyp</p> <p>Anchorage_2018_NLL-SSST-coherence_20231125A.csv<br>Anchorage_2018_NLL-SSST-coherence_20231125A.hyp</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 5 in Osteological correlates for quadrupedality in ornithischian dinosaurs
Fig. 5. Reduced major axis regressions showing correlations between body size (using humerus and femur length as proxies) and continuous characters. A. Pes/hind limb ratio. B. Iliac width/iliac blade length ratio. R-squared, Pearson's correlation coefficient; p, probability that x and y are uncorrelated.
Fig. 4 in Osteological correlates for quadrupedality in ornithischian dinosaurs
Fig. 4. Correlations between body size (using femoral length as a proxy) and discrete characters. A. Anterolateral process on proximal ulna. B. Manual unguals. C. Femur longer than tibia. D. Fourth trochanter morphology. For A–C, 0, feature absent; 1, feature present; for D, 0, fourth trochanter pendant; 1 , fourth trochanter reduced to crest; 2, fourth trochanter reduced to rugose ridge or absent.
Fig. 1 in Osteological correlates for quadrupedality in ornithischian dinosaurs
Fig. 1. Simplified relationships of ornithodiran archosaurs showing major clades discussed in the text. Circles on branches indicate clades where secondary quadrupedality has evolved.
Fig. 1 in Fig. 6. Pair correlation function g in Parascorpaena poseidon Chou and Liao 2022
Fig. 1. Location of the study area in Southern Benin (West Africa). The red points represent visual contacts GPS locations of the red-bellied monkey (N = 22) used in this study. Source: Field work, 2019 and Benin IGN Map, 2018. Spatial reference system: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 31.
Fig. 5 in Fig. 6. Pair correlation function g in Parascorpaena poseidon Chou and Liao 2022
Fig. 5. Size distribution of suitable habitats in the study area in southern Benin. The number above each bar represents the percentage of the suitable habitat size class considered.
Fig. 4 in Fig. 6. Pair correlation function g in Parascorpaena poseidon Chou and Liao 2022
Fig. 4. Plots of the response curves for each variable depending on the probability of presence and map of their spatial distribution. Each plot represents a Maxent model using only the corresponding variable. The plots are given for the six biophysical variables (A to F) with highest permutation importance> 2% (percent shown on plot). The plots show the average response (red line) and the standard deviation (blue interval around the average). For Land Cover Class, two shades (blue and green) represent upper and lower limit defined by standard deviation.
Fig. 3 in Fig. 6. Pair correlation function g in Parascorpaena poseidon Chou and Liao 2022
Fig. 3. Probability of red-bellied monkey presence (A) and suitable habitats (upper 0.0898 of red-bellied monkey presence probability) identified with the Maximum Training Sensitivity and Specificity (Max TSS) threshold (B).
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.