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1,014 results for “hair”
Data from: Local persistence of Mann’s soft-haired mouse Abrothrix manni (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) during Quaternary glaciations in southern Chile
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Macroclimate drives growth of hair lichens in boreal forest canopies
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Automated analysis of scanning electron microscopic images for assessment of hair surface damage
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Five genetic variants explain over 70% of hair coat pheomelanin intensity variation in purebred and mixed breed domestic dogs - Supporting information
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Data from: Steroid hormones in hair reveal sexual maturity and competition in wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus)
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Field and Genetic Profile Data for Grizzly Bear Hair-Snag Sampling and Scat Sampling along Roads in North America
<p>These datasets contain field or genetic profile data for grizzly bear hair-snag sampling and scat sampling along roads in North America. See method details in the published article: Phoebus et al. 2020. A Comparison of Grizzly Bear Hair-Snag Sampling and Systematic Scat Sampling along Roads to Inform Wildlife Population Monitoring. Wildlife Biology, WLB-00697. </p> <p>An inadequate sample in the field data means that the particular lab test failed (i.e. species, sex or individual identification test) likely due to poor sample quality (i.e. too little DNA in the sample). </p>
Genetic variation of the Chilean endemic long-haired mouse Abrothrix longipilis (Rodentia, Supramyomorpha, Cricetidae) in a geographical and environmental context
<p>Here we make available to the scientific community the dataset used in the study on genetic variation of the sigmodintine rodent <em>Abrothrix longipilis. </em>The dataset consists of transcriptome-derived raw SNPs from 17 individuals of <em>A. longipiis </em>collected from natural populations in Chile and Argentina.</p>
Data from: Evidence of degradation of hair corticosterone in museum specimens
Researchers increasingly rely on non-invasive physiological indices, such as glucocorticoid (GC) levels, to interpret how vertebrates respond to changes in their environment. Recently, hair GCs have been of particular interest, because they are presumed stable over long periods of storage, which may facilitate the study of large-scale spatial and temporal patterns of stress in mammals. In the current study, we evaluated the stability of hair corticosterone levels in museum specimens, and the potential effects of different museum curation treatments. Using deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) specimens collected from Vancouver Island (11 sites, 82 individuals) over 76 years, we found that specimens collected earlier in the 20th century had lower hair corticosterone than more recently collected specimens. These results suggest that hair hormone levels may not be stable over decades of storage time. We then subjected hair samples collected from white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus, n = 36) to 3 different museum curation treatments, and found that borax lowered hair corticosterone levels relative to control samples, but air drying samples, or treating them with turpentine had no effect. Our results present a source of concern for the use of museum specimens for hair hormone analysis, and for studying long term trends in glucocorticoid levels.
Data from: Towards the validation of endogenous steroid testing in wildlife hair
1. Hair is emerging as a popular tool to examine steroid hormone levels in wild mammals. The reliability of this approach, however, depends on an understanding of steroid hormone incorporation into hair as well as appropriate validations. 2. We reviewed studies that have examined steroid hormones in wildlife hair with the goal of summarizing the analytical, physiological, and biological evidence that this approach is meaningful. Accordingly, we differentiated among validations aimed at evaluating the reliability of the analytical method versus those designed to assess whether hormone levels in hair reflect physiologically meaningful processes in the target species. 3. Our literature survey revealed that endogenous steroids have been examined in hair from 42 species of non-human animals across 7 mammalian classes. Although the majority (85%) of 72 studies reported analytical validations of the method, physiological validations have only been reported for five species. Moreover, results of physiological validations were inconsistent among studies, highlighting the need for further research designed carefully to differentiate among the multiple purported models of steroid incorporation into hair in species with different types of hair and hair growth patterns. 4. To complement our review of published studies, we present new data supporting a positive relationship between levels of the steroid, cortisol, in hair and blood across eight mammalian species. In addition, we present novel results from a laboratory-based study showing variable hair growth in genetically identical laboratory mice that were kept under controlled conditions. 5. Synthesis and Applications: Collectively, this synthesis reveals substantial progress towards the validation of endocrine assays in hair from a variety of wildlife species. Further validations of other steroids, combined with appropriate physiological validations, would expand the potential applications of hair testing in wildlife research. As a key example, physiological data can provide mechanistic insight into species' responses to change and may therefore contribute to conservation planning.
Data from: Testosterone in ancient hair from an extinct species
Testosterone is a key regulator in vertebrate development, physiology, and behaviour. Whereas technology allows extraction of a wealth of genetic information from extant as well as extinct species, complimentary information on steroid hormone levels may add a social, sexual, and environmental context. Hair shafts have been previously used to sequence DNA from >50,000 14C years old Siberian woolly mammoths (Mammuthus primigenius). Hair-testing has also been used to measure endogenous steroids in multiple extant species. Here we use small quantities of woolly mammoth hair samples to measure testosterone, and a genomics-based approach to determine sex, in permafrost-preserved mammoths dated to circa 10-60 thousand 14C years. Our validated method opens up exciting opportunities to measure multiple steroids in keratinized tissues from extinct populations of mammals. This may be specifically applied to investigating life histories, including the extinct Quaternary megafauna populations whose remains are preserved in the permafrost throughout the northern hemisphere.
Data from: On heels and toes: how ants climb with adhesive pads and tarsal friction hair arrays
Ants are able to climb effortlessly on vertical and inverted smooth surfaces. When climbing, their feet touch the substrate not only with their pretarsal adhesive pads but also with dense arrays of fine hairs on the ventral side of the 3rd and 4th tarsal segments. To understand what role these different attachment structures play during locomotion, we analysed leg kinematics and recorded single-leg ground reaction forces in Weaver ants (Oecophylla smaragdina) climbing vertically on a smooth glass substrate. We found that the ants engaged different attachment structures depending on whether their feet were above or below their Centre of Mass (CoM). Legs above the CoM pulled and engaged the arolia ('toes'), whereas legs below the CoM pushed with the 3rd and 4th tarsomeres ('heels') in surface contact. Legs above the CoM carried a significantly larger proportion of the body weight than legs below the CoM. Force measurements on individual ant tarsi showed that friction increased with normal load as a result of the bending and increasing side contact of the tarsal hairs. On a rough sandpaper substrate, the tarsal hairs generated higher friction forces in the pushing than in the pulling direction, whereas no such effect was found on the smooth substrate. When the tarsal hairs were pushed, buckling was observed for forces exceeding the shear forces found in climbing ants. Adhesion forces were small but not negligible, and similar on both substrates. Our results indicate that the dense tarsal hair arrays produce friction forces when pressed against the substrate, and help the ants to push outwards during horizontal and vertical walking.
HUMAN BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL: HAIR RESEARCH (EXAMPLE OF DNA)
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Island biogeography theory and the urban landscape: stopover site selection by the silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans)
<p>Many migratory bats require forested sites for roosting and foraging along their migration path, but increased urbanization and intensive agricultural practices may reduce the availability of stopover sites. Urban forests may provide important stopover habitat, maintaining landscape connectivity in regions where the majority of natural habitat has been cleared for development. Island biogeography theory can be applied to urbanized temperate forest biomes where small urban forests represent islands separated from the larger "mainland" forest. We used acoustic monitoring during the fall migration period to investigate the use of urban forest habitat by the migratory species <i>Lasionycteris noctivagans</i> (Le Conte 1831)<i>.</i> We predicted that recorded activity would have a positive relationship with forest patch area and shape and a negative relationship with isolation from other forest patches, as suggested by island biogeography theory. We observed greater activity at larger forest patches, and although relationships for shape and isolation were not statistically supported the observed patterns were consistent with predictions. Our results demonstrate the need for more in-depth research on the habitat requirements for both migratory and resident bat species and the impact that ongoing urbanization has on local bat populations.</p>
Avian auditory hair cell regeneration is accompanied by JAK/STAT-dependent expression of immune-related genes in supporting cells
<p>Normalized log count matrix and single cell experiment container</p>
FIGURE 2 in First report of a cricket with filiform hairs on foretibia (Orthoptera: Gryllidae Gryllinae)
FIGURE 2. Fodigryllus bisetus sp. nov. male.
Hair drying
<p>Video shows hair exposed to ambient air</p>
Fig. 36. Hair tuft between 1 in A Review Of The Genus Blaps (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Of Central And South Kazakhstan With Description Of Two New Species
Fig. 36. Hair tuft between 1st and 2nd abdominal ventrites. A = B. motschulskiana, B = B. tsharynensis tsharynensis, C = B. skopini sp. n.
Aperture data from all hair samples
<p>Aperture data to support my PhD thesis</p>
Figures 1-4 from: Isola TE, Varisco MA, Cazzaniga NJ (2018) Implanted byssal hairs on postlarval shells of Mytilus edulis platensis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from Patagonia. Zoologia 35: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e21978
Figures 1-4 Postlarvae of Mytilusedulisplatensis: (1) outer view of a postlarva 400 µm long, with an eye spot (ES) and naturally deprived of adventitious hairs; (2) inner view of a postlarval shell; (3) general view of an 850 µm long shell – a marked growth line delimits the prodissoconch II; (4) close up of the umbo of an 850 µm long shell. (LI) Larval ligament, (Pr) provinculum (hinge), (PrT) provincular or primary teeth, (PTI) posterior teeth I. Figures 2–4 are SEM micrographs; the periostracum was previously removed.
Figures 5-8 from: Isola TE, Varisco MA, Cazzaniga NJ (2018) Implanted byssal hairs on postlarval shells of Mytilus edulis platensis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from Patagonia. Zoologia 35: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e21978
Figures 5-8 Postlarvae of Mytilusedulisplatensis: (5) an 800 µm long postlarva with the "hairy" periostracum; the eye spot is still visible; (6) a 1 mm long postlarva under SEM; (7–8) close up of adventitious hairs (SEM, 300 × and 850 × respectively).
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.