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1,488 results for “helping”
Low oxygen levels can help to prevent the detrimental effect of acute warming on mitochondrial efficiency in fish
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Data from: Local adaptation may help mitigate feminisation of sea turtle populations globally
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Using a standardized sound set to help characterize misophonia: The international affective digitized sounds
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The impact of helping experience on helper life-history and fitness in a cooperatively breeding bird
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Integrating floral trait and flowering time distribution patterns help reveal a more dynamic nature of co-flowering community assembly processes
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Data from: Museomics help resolving the phylogeny of snowfinches (Aves, Passeridae, Montifringilla and allies)
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Data from: Reticulate evolution helps explain apparent homoplasy in floral biology and pollination in baobabs (Adansonia; Bombacoideae; Malvaceae)
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Knowledge from non-English-language studies broadens contributions to conservation policy and helps to tackle bias in biodiversity data
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Temperature stress induces mites to help their carrion beetle hosts by eliminating rival blowflies
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Data from: Helpers don’t help when it’s hot in a cooperatively breeding bird, the Southern Pied Babbler
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Niche conservatism and sympatric parallel evolution may help to maintain eight nascent tree taxa along a sharp elevation gradient
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Data from: Life expectancy in ants explains variation in helpfulness, regardless of phylogenetic relatedness
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Data from: Can a mate-finding Allee effect be elicited to help eradicate invasive mammals?
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A chromosome-level genome for the nudibranch gastropod Berghia stephanieae helps parse clade-specific gene expression in novel and conserved phenotypes
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Data from: We get by with a little help from our friends: shared adaptive variation provides a bridge to novel ecological specialists during adaptive radiation
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Exploring and promoting green urban spaces in Vienna - can data about public perception help drive change?
<p>Citizen Science has become a vital source for data collection when the spatial and temporal extent of a project makes it too expensive to send experts into the field. However, involving citizens can go further than that – participatory projects focusing on subjective parameters can fill in the gap between local community needs and stakeholder approaches to tackle key social and environmental issues.</p> <p>The Horizon 2020 project, <a href="https://landsense.eu/">LandSense</a>, is building a modern citizen observatory for Land Use & Land Cover (LULC) monitoring, by engaging citizens to transform current approaches to environmental decision making. Citizen Observatories are community-driven mechanisms to complement existing environmental monitoring systems and can be fostered through mobile and web applications, allowing citizens to play a key role in environmental monitoring. Within this project, the City Oases mobile application, focused on the city of Vienna, has been developed that aims not only to stimulate civic engagement to monitor changes within the urban environment, but also to enable users to drive improvements by providing city planners with information about the public perception of urban spaces. <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.iiasa.cityoases">City Oases</a> was launched in March 2019.</p> <p>Where are the best places for a romantic date? Where can you skate? Where is it cool on a hot summer’s day? Open urban spaces can be used in many ways. Pick an activity in the CityOases app and we show the spots where you can do them, including the rating of previous users and pictures from the location. If you visit the spot you can rate it as well based on a few selected subjective criteria. If you know a cool spot that is openly accessible but not marked in our map yet? Just add it with a list of activities and some pictures. Additionally, you can input your perceptions including whether it is noisy, clean or if the infrastructure is attractive. The picture module within the application promotes you to take photos in the four cardinal directions. Users can search for specific activities, visit one of the points indicated on the map and then evaluate this point.</p> <p>Time period of data collection: 19/03/2019 - 10/11/2019</p> <p>Types of contributors: General Public, Students<br> Number of contributors: 50<br> Number of observations: 788<br> Number of photos: 1846</p> <p>Associated files: City Oases Vienna 2019.csv, City Oases Vienna 2019.geoJSON, City Oases Vienna 2019 Attributes.csv</p> <p>This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. It is attributed to the <a href="https://landsense.eu/">LandSense Citizen Observatory</a>, <a href="https://www.umweltbundesamt.at/en/">Umweltbundesamt</a> (Environment Agency Austria) and the <a href="https://iiasa.ac.at/">International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis</a>.</p> <p>This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 689812.</p>
Data from: Earlier plant growth helps compensate for reduced carbon fixation after 13 years of warming
1.Drylands play a dominant role in global carbon cycling and are particularly vulnerable to increasing temperatures, but our understanding of how dryland ecosystems will respond to climatic change remains notably poor. Considering that the area of drylands is projected to increase 11–23% by 2100, understanding the impacts of warming on the functions and services furnished by these arid and semiarid ecosystems has numerous implications. 2.In a unique 13‐year ecosystem warming experiment in a southwestern U.S. dryland, we investigated the consequences of rising temperature on Achnatherum hymenoides, a widespread, keystone grass species on the Colorado Plateau. We tracked individual‐ and population‐level responses to identify optimal strategies that may have been masked if considering only one level of plant response. 3.We found several factors combined to affect the timing and magnitude of plant responses during the 13th year of warming. These included large warming‐induced biomass increases for individual plants, an 8.5‐day advancement in the growing season, and strong reductions in photosynthetic rates and population cover. 4.Importantly, we observed a lack of photosynthetic acclimation and, thus, a warming‐induced downregulation of photosynthetic rates. However, these physiological responses were concurrent with warmed‐plant increases in growing season length and investment in photosynthetic surfaces, demonstrating the species' ability to balance carbon fixation limitations with warming. 5.These results, which bring together ecophysiological, phenological, reproductive, and morphological assessments of plant responses to warming, suggest that the extent of change in A. hymenoides populations will be based upon numerous adaptive responses that vary in their direction and magnitude. Plant population responses to climatic warming remain poorly resolved, particularly for Earth's drylands, and our in situ experiment assessing multiple strategies offers a novel look into a warmer world.
Data from: Weighing homoplasy against alternative scenarios with the help of macroevolutionary modeling: a case study on limb bones of fossorial sciuromorph rodents
Homoplasy is a strong indicator of a phenotypic trait's adaptive significance when it can be linked to a similar function. We assessed homoplasy in functionally relevant scapular and femoral traits of Marmotini and Xerini, two sciuromorph rodent clades that independently acquired a fossorial lifestyle from an arboreal ancestor. We studied 125 species in the scapular dataset and 123 species in the femoral dataset. Pairwise evolutionary model comparison was used to evaluate whether homoplasy of trait optima is more likely than other plausible scenarios. The most likely trend of trait evolution among all traits was assessed via likelihood scoring of all considered models. The homoplasy hypothesis could never be confirmed as the single most likely model. Regarding likelihood scoring, scapular traits most frequently did not differ among Marmotini, Xerini, and arboreal species. For the majority of femoral traits, results indicate that Marmotini, but not Xerini, evolved away from the ancestral arboreal condition. We conclude on the basis of the scapular results that the forelimbs of fossorial and arboreal sciuromorphs share mostly similar functional demands, whereas the results on the femur indicate that the hind limb morphology is less constraint, perhaps depending on the specific fossorial habitat.
A targeted phylogenetic approach helps explain New World functional diversity patterns of two eudicot lineages.
<p>Aim: </p> <p>Large-scale functional diversity studies typically examine isolated traits, often without phylogenetic context. Here, we integrate data from five life-history traits with phylogeny and occurrence records to asses: (1) correlated latitudinal gradients of trait combinations; (2) which traits show phylogenetic conservatism; (3) quantitative, clade-specific differences in trait syndromes, illustrating the phylogenetic scale of observable variation in ecological strategies.</p> <p>Location: </p> <p>The Americas.</p> <p>Taxon: </p> <p>Ericales (Asterids) and Fabales (Rosids).</p> <p>Methods: </p> <p>We used publicly-available trait data sets on height, seed mass, wood density, leaf mass per area (LMA), and growth form, an open-source phylogeny, and georeferenced occurrence records to investigate functional diversity patterns. We employed phylogenetic generalized least squares and phylogenetic principal components analyses (pPCA) to assess correlated trait evolution and quantify the trait syndrome, respectively. We employed the InfoMap Ecoregions web app to cluster species by bioregions. We used standard statistical tests and randomization simulations to assess statistical significance of results.</p> <p>Results:</p> <p>Ericales and Fabales exhibited a biogeographically-consistent, phylogenetically-conserved trait syndrome. Moving poleward, species exhibited progressively smaller trait values and more herbaceous and shrubby growth forms (except for LMA, which showed no consistent pattern). We quantified latitudinal variation in this trait syndrome using pPCA, and provide evidence for correlated trait evolution.</p> <p>Main conclusions:</p> <p>We demonstrate a functional trait syndrome involving height, seed mass, wood density, and growth form, but not LMA. Functional trait values showed consistent latitudinal patterns and evidence of correlated evolution, suggesting an underlying ecological strategy. Further, the two clades showed quantitative differences in the manifestation of this trait syndrome. Variation in the syndrome was best observed among species from con-ordinal families. We interpret this trait syndrome as a strategy of resource acquisition in which habitats with relatively greater soil nutrient content and a shorter growing season favor shorter stature, lower seed mass and wood density, and shrubby or herbaceous growth form.</p>
Data from: With a little help from my friends – Physiological integration facilitates invasion of wetland grass Elymus athericus into flooded soils
<p>Tidal wetlands worldwide are undergoing rapid invasions by tall-growing clonal grasses. Prominent examples are invasions by species of the genera <i>Spartina, Phragmites,</i> and <i>Elymus</i>. The responsible physiological and ecological drivers of these invasions are poorly understood. Physiological integration (PI) is a key trait of clonal plants, which enables the exchange of resources among ramets. We investigated PI in <i>Elymus athericus,</i> which has been rapidly spreading from high-marsh into low-marsh environments of European salt marshes during the last decades. We applied a nitrogen-stable-isotope approach to trace nutrient translocation between ramets in a factorial mesocosm experiment. The experiment was set up to mimic an invasion pattern commonly found in tidal wetlands, i.e. from high-elevated and rarely flooded into low-elevated and frequently flooded microenvironments. We tested for intraspecific variability in PI by including two genotypes of <i>Elymus </i>that naturally occur at different elevations within the tidal frame, a high-marsh (HM) and a low-marsh (LM) genotype. PI strongly increased offspring ramet aboveground and belowground biomass by 62 and 81%, respectively. Offspring ramets under drained conditions had 95% greater belowground biomass than those under flooded conditions. LM genotype offspring ramets produced 27% more aboveground biomass than HM genotypes. Offspring ramets were clearly more enriched in <sup>15</sup>N under flooded vs. drained conditions; however, this positive effect of flooding on δ<sup>15</sup>N was only significant in the LM genotype. Our findings demonstrate the importance of PI for the growth of <i>Elymus</i> offspring ramets and thereby for the species' capacity for fast vegetative spread. We show that offspring ramets under stressful flooded conditions are more dependent on nutrient supply from parent ramets than those under drained conditions. Our data furthermore suggest a higher degree of adaptation to flooding via PI in the LM vs. HM genotype. In conclusion, we highlight the importance of assessing PI and intraspecific trait variability to understand invasion processes within ecosystems.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.