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1,351 results for “intermediate”
FIGURES 53–56 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 53–56. Pygidiopsoides spindalis (Pysp). 53, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. Arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region. Scale bar = 1 cm. 54, Reproductive redia, live, with developing cercariae, under heavy coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. 55, Soldier redia, live, under slight coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 50 µm. Base photo credit: Ana Garcia-Vedrenne. 56, Cercariae, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. Base photo credit: Todd Huspeni.
FIGURES 2–3 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 2–3. Uninfected and freshly deshelled California horn snails, Cerithideopsis californica. 2, Male. Note the ripe, orange testes. 3, Female. Note the ripe, green ovaries. BVM = basal visceral mass. DG = digestive gland. Scale bars = 1 cm.
FIGURES 45–48 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 45–48. Euhaplorchis californiensis (Euca). 45, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. Arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region. Scale bar = 1 cm. 46, Reproductive rediae, live, with developing cercariae, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. 47, Soldier redia, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 50 µm. Base photo credit: Andrew Turner. 48, Cercariae, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm.
FIGURES 35–40 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 35–40. Parorchis sp. (Pasp). 35, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. The arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region. Scale bar = 1 cm. Base photo credit: Todd Huspeni. 36, Reproductive redia, live, with developing cercariae, under coverslip pressure. The arrow indicates an attacking soldier redia of Himasthla sp. B from an in vitro experiment (Hechinger et al., 2010). Scale bar = 200 µm. 37, Soldier redia, live. Scale bar = 200 µm. Base photo credit: Andrew Turner. 38, Cercaria, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 200 µm. 39, Close up of cercaria anterior with particularly obvious tegumental body spines. Scale bar = 100 µm. 40, Developing cercariae, live, under heavy coverslip pressure to make the long esophagi visible. Scale bar = 200 µm.
FIGURES 30–34 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 30–34. Cloacitrema michiganensis (Clmi). 30, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. The arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region and part of the basal visceral mass. Scale bar = 1 cm. Base photo credit: Andrew Turner. 31, Reproductive rediae, live, with developing cercariae, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 500 µm. 32, Soldier redia, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. 33, Cercariae, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. Base photo credit: Andrew Turner. 34, Developing cercariae, live, under heavy coverslip pressure to make visible the anterior branching of the gut (~ non-existent esophagus). Scale bar = 100 µm.
FIGURES 27–29 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 27–29. Himasthla sp. B (Hisb). 27, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. The arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region and part of the basal visceral mass. Scale bar = 1 cm. Base photo credit: Todd Huspeni. 28, Reproductive redia, live, with developing cercariae, under coverslip pressure, with an adjacent soldier redia indicated by the black arrow. Scale bar = 100 µm. 29, Cercariae, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm.
FIGURES 23–26 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 23–26. Himasthla rhigedana (Hirh). 23, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. The arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region. Scale bar = 1 cm. Base photo credit: Todd Huspeni. 24, Reproductive redia, live, with developing cercariae, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 500 µm. 25, Soldier redia, live. Scale bar = 100 µm. Base photo credit: Ana Garcia-Vedrenne. 26, Cercariae, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 200 µm. Base photo credit: Todd Huspeni.
FIGURES 65–70 in Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host
FIGURES 65–70. Renicola sp. "martini" (Rema). 65, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. Arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region with infiltration of the digestive gland. Scale bar = 1 cm. Photo from Hechinger and Miura (2014). 66, Close-up of part of a slightly teased apart colony from a freshly dissected horn snail. Individual sporocysts are discernable. Scale bar = 1 mm. 67, Sporocysts, live, with developing cercariae, under heavy coverslip pressure. Note the paletot surrounding the sporocyst tegument. Scale bar = 200 µm. 68, Cercaria, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. 69, Cercaria, live, with no coverslip pressure, with tegumental spines visible. Scale bar = 100 µm. 70, Close-up of cercaria oral sucker, stylet visible, under heavy coverslip pressure, using phase contrast. Scale bar = 10 µm.
F I G U R E 1 in Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS- CoV-2
F I G U R E 1 Structural diagrams of spike glycoproteins of SARS‐CoV, MERS‐CoV, and SARS‐CoV‐2. All spike proteins of coronaviruses contain S1 subunit and S2 subunit, which were divided by the S cleavage sites. FP, fusion peptide; HR, heptad repeat 1 and heptad repeat 2; RBD, receptor‐binding domain, contains core binding motif in the external subdomain; SP, signal peptide
F I G U R E 2 in Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS- CoV-2
F I G U R E 2 Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of coronavirus spike glycoproteins. The sequences of spike glycoproteins of SARS‐CoV‐2, bat SARS‐like CoV, pangolin SARS‐like CoV, and SARS‐CoV were analyzed. The red stars indicate pangolin SARS‐like CoV and bat SARS‐like CoV. Host flags are marked after the clusters. SARS‐CoV‐2, severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2
Distribution. Known with certainty only from Chiang Mai Province, NW Thailand, although it is probably the species that occurs in NW, W & SE Thailand, including Tarutao I; specimens from Cambodia, found to be intermediate in size between Dobson's Horseshoe Bat (. yunanensis) and Pearson's Horseshoe Bat (. pearsonii), are also tentatively included in this species. in Rhinolophidae
Distribution. Known with certainty only from Chiang Mai Province, NW Thailand, although it is probably the species that occurs in NW, W & SE Thailand, including Tarutao I; specimens from Cambodia, found to be intermediate in size between Dobson's Horseshoe Bat (. yunanensis) and Pearson's Horseshoe Bat (. pearsonii), are also tentatively included in this species.
Data from: Kokanee–sockeye salmon hybridization leads to intermediate morphology and resident life history: implications for fisheries management
Stocking programs designed to return extirpated species to their historical range have become increasingly prevalent, punctuating the need to better understand the risks posed to recipient ecosystems. Here, we investigated the genetic and biological consequences of an anadromous sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) stocking program in Skaha Lake, British Columbia, where substantial levels of hybridization/introgression with the native freshwater resident ecotype (kokanee) have been detected. We genetically-assigned 543 individuals (adult spawners, age-0 juveniles) to estimate stock proportions (pure-stock sockeye/kokanee or hybrid) between 2010 and 2017, with a subset undergoing otolith microchemistry analysis to determine migratory life history and maternal ancestry. Proportion of hybrid spawners varied from 5-20% across sampling years, while hybrid age-0 juveniles remained relatively constant (~11%). Hybrid spawners exhibited intermediate size relative to pure-stocks, with the vast majority being non-anadromous (92%) and of resident maternal ancestry (76%). Our results provide empirical support for previously hypothesized mechanisms of hybridization between O. nerka life-history forms, and underscore the importance of continued monitoring of stocking programs to quantify long-term fitness impacts of introgression and refine management strategies.
Sequenced-based paternity analysis to improve breeding and identify self-incompatibility loci in intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium)
<p>In outcrossing species such as intermediate wheatgrass (IWG, Thinopyrum intermedium), polycrossing is often used to generate novel recombinants through each cycle of selection, but it cannot track pollen-parent pedigrees and it is unknown how self-incompatibility (SI) genes may limit the number of unique crosses obtained. This study investigated the potential of using next-generation sequencing to assign paternity and identify putative SI loci in IWG. Using a reference population of 380 individuals made from controlled crosses of 64 parents, paternity was assigned with 92% agreement using Cervus software. Using this approach, 80% of 4158 progeny (n = 3342) from a polycross of 89 parents were assigned paternity. Of the 89 pollen parents, 82 (92%) were represented with 1633 unique full-sib families representing 42% of all potential crosses. The number of progeny per successful pollen parent ranged from 1 to 123, with number of inflorescences per pollen parent significantly correlated to the number of progeny (r = 0.54, p < 0.001). Shannon's diversity index, assessing the total number and representation of families, was 7.33 compared to a theoretical maximum of 8.98. To test our hypothesis on the impact of SI genes, a genome-wide association study of the number of progeny observed from the 89 parents identified genetic effects related to non-random mating, including marker loci located near putative SI genes. Paternity testing of polycross progeny can impact future breeding gains by being incorporated in breeding programs to optimize polycross methodology, maintain genetic diversity, and reveal genetic architecture of mating patterns.</p>
Perceived Mental Workload Classification using Intermediate Fusion Multimodal Deep Learning
<p><em>This repository contains all code -from data collection to perceived mental workload classification- used in the "Perceived Mental Workload Classification using Intermediate Fusion Multimodal Deep Learning" research and serves as supplementary material. <strong>A clear README file is provided, please refer to that for information about the individual scripts and their usage. </strong></em></p> <p>Mental workload detection has been attempted using various bio-signals. Recently, deep learning has allowed for novel methods and results within the BCI community. However, studies currently often only use a single modality to classify mental workload, whereas a plethora of modalities have proven to be valuable in this task.</p> <p>A dataset on which these scripts was also made publicly available under the following DOI: 10.4121/12932801<br> This dataset contains data collected during research into mental workload (MWL) detection using deep learning. It is being made public as supplementary data for publications, as well as for reuse in research that seeks to classify MWL using multimodal physiological data. The goal of this repository and dataset is to serve as a testing ground for the creation of deep neural networks that can classify MWL using multimodal physiological data.</p> <p>The data in this dataset was collected in the Behavioural, Management, and Social Sciences Lab, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands in June/July 2020.</p>
Climate model data from "Changes in local and global climate feedbacks in the absence of interactive clouds: Southern Ocean-climate interactions in two intermediate-complexity models"
<p>This Dataset contains the model output described in the study<br> "Changes in local and global climate feedbacks in the absence of interactive clouds: Southern Ocean-climate interactions in two intermediate-complexity models"<br> by Pfister and Stocker 2020, published in Journal of Climate.</p> <p>The two zip files contain the model output of the two models Bern3D-LPX and LOVECLIM, in folder structures explained below.</p> <p>Bern3D-LPX:</p> <p>The 3 folders contain model simulations tuned to different ECS values (2, 3 and 6 Kelvin).<br> Each folder contains three subfolders corresponding to three simulations: Control, 2xCO2 and 4xCO2.<br> For each simulation, two netcdf model output files are given: a timeseries file for quick overview of various spatially averaged variables (e.g., global mean temperature), and a full output file for local analyses as done in the study.</p> <p>For the main simulations with an ECS of 3 Kelvin, annual mean output is provided for the first 500 years of each simulation. Thereafter, the full output is available only for selected years, which can be read out from the netcdf time dimension or, e.g., the netcdf variable "baseyear".</p> <p>Simulations with an ECS of 2 and 6 Kelvin are only used for Figure 8 and its discussion, therefore their full output file was written with less yearly outputs than the main simulation with ECS=3 Kelvin to reduce data load.</p> <p><br> LOVECLIM:</p> <p>The 2 folders contain the 2xCO2 and 4xCO2 simulations.<br> No separate Control simulations were made, but the first 1000 years of each simulation are unperturbed and used as a control reference (details in Pfister and Stocker 2020, J.Clim.).</p> <p>The two netcdf files for each simulation correspond to atmospheric variables (atmmmyl_cat.nc) and ocean variables (CLIO3m_cat_CO2_2_regridded.nc). Note that the spatial resolution of the atmosphere and ocean component of LOVECLIM are different. Monthly output is provided for the given variables of the full 2000-year-simulations.</p> <p> </p> <p>For a detailed description how these model outputs were analyzed, please refer to Pfister and Stocker 2020, J. Clim.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Intermediate Flortaucipir uptake is associated with A&[beta]-PET & CSF-tau in asymptomatic adults
Objective: To investigate relationships between tau-PET binding and other established Alzheimer's disease (AD) markers in cognitively normal individuals at increased risk of AD. Methods: One-hundred-nineteen late-middle-aged and older adults with a parental or multiple-sibling history of AD (PREVENT-AD cohort, mean age=67±5) underwent tau PET ([18F]flortaucipir), β-amyloid (Aβ) PET ([18F]NAV4694), and cognitive assessment. A subsample of 74 participants also had CSF phosphorylated (p)-tau data available. We investigated regional tau SUVR differences between Aβ-positive and Aβ-negative individuals using general linear models adjusted for age and sex. In regions showing higher flortaucipir binding in Aβ-positive individuals, we assessed whether flortaucipir SUVRs were related to p-tau and cognitive performance. We repeated these analyses iteratively removing the participant with the highest entorhinal flortaucipir SUVR to determine thresholds at which associations with Aβ-PET, CSF p-tau and cognition were detectable. Results: Aβ-positive individuals had higher flortaucipir SUVRs than Aβ-negative ones in limbic, temporal, occipital, and inferior parietal regions. Increased flortaucipir SUVRs in a subset of predominantly medial temporal regions were also associated with increased CSF p-tau and worse cognitive performance. The association of flortaucipir in the entorhinal cortex with CSF p-tau, Aβ, or delayed memory were inapparent among individuals with SUVRs below 1.12, 1.23 and 1.41 respectively. Conclusions: Flortaucipir binding in AD-typical regions is associated with established AD markers. Except for the association of flortaucipir-binding with cognition, these findings were not driven by results in individuals classified as tau-positive according to conventional tau thresholds. These observations suggest that early (sub-threshold) elevation in flortaucipir signal is clinically meaningful.
Linking Seasonal-to-Interannual Variability of Intermediate Currents in the Southwest Tropical Pacific to Wind Forcing and ENSO
<p>This dataset contains zonal velocity data observed by the mooring at 142E/0,142E,1S,141.4E/1.7S. It is supplementary of the paper "<strong>Linking Seasonal-to-Interannual Variability of Intermediate Currents in the Southwest Tropical Pacific to Wind Forcing and ENSO</strong>" published by the Geophysical Research Letters (https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092440). Please let me know if you need any more information.</p>
Data from: Intermediate habitat associations by hybrids may facilitate genetic introgression in a songbird
Hybridization or the interbreeding of genetically discrete populations or species can occur where ranges of genetically distinct units overlap. Golden-winged warblers Vermivora chrysoptera, a species that has been in steady decline for decades, highlight the potential population-level consequences of hybridization. A major factor implicated in their decline is hybridization with their sister species, the blue-winged warbler Vermivora cyanoptera, which has likely been exacerbated by historic and current land-use practices. We examined habitat associations of golden-winged and blue-winged warblers, phenotypic hybrids, and cryptic hybrids (i.e. mismatch between plumage phenotype and genotype as identified by mitochondrial DNA) in an area of relatively recent range overlap and hybridization in northern New York, USA. To explore the robustness of these results, we then compared the patterns from New York with habitat associations from the central Pennsylvanian Appalachian Mountains where blue-winged warblers either do not occur or are in very low abundance, yet cryptic golden-winged warbler hybrids are present. From 2008 to 2011, we captured 122 birds in New York and 28 in Pennsylvania and collected blood samples, which we used to determine maternal ancestry. For each bird captured, we measured territory-level (50-m radius circles) habitat, and later used remote-sensing data to quantify habitat on the territories and in surrounding areas (100-, 250-, and 500-m radius circles). In New York, golden-winged warblers occupied structurally heterogeneous territories surrounded by homogeneously structured, contiguous deciduous forest, far from urban areas. Blue-winged warblers showed opposite associations, and hybrids' habitat associations were typically intermediate. In Pennsylvania, the habitat associations of golden-winged warblers and their cryptic hybrids were remarkably similar to those in New York. These findings suggest that patterns of habitat occupancy by hybrids may promote contact with golden-winged warblers and thus likely facilitate genetic introgression, even in areas where the parental species are not sympatric.
FIGURES 7–9. C. densopilus new species, intermediate worker. Fig. 7 in Review of the Camponotus aureopilus speciesgroup (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), including a second Camponotus with a metapleural gland
FIGURES 7–9. C. densopilus new species, intermediate worker. Fig. 7, front of head; Fig. 8, dorsum of mesosoma; Fig. 9, side of body.
FIGURE 3 in First record of Hexaglandula corynosoma (Travassos, 1915) Petrochenko, 1958 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) in intermediate and definitive hosts in Mexico
FIGURE 3. Cystacanth of Hexaglandula corynosoma from Uca spinicarpa, Progreso lagoon system, Yucatán. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.