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443 results for “kangaroo”
Data from: Contextualizing the 2019–2020 Kangaroo Island Bushfires: Quantifying Landscape-Level Influences on Past Severity and Recovery with Landsat and Google Earth Engine
<p><strong>Paper Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The 2019–2020 Kangaroo Island bushfires in South Australia burned almost half of the island. To understand how to avoid future severe ‘mega-fires’ and how vegetation may recover from 2019–2020, we can utilize information from the bulk of historical fires in an area. Landsat time-series of vegetation change provide this opportunity, but there has been little analysis of large numbers of fires to build a landscape-level understanding and quantify drivers in an Australian context. In this study, we built a yearly cloud-free surface reflectance normalized burn ratio (NBR) time-series (1988–2020) using all available summer Landsat images over Kangaroo Island. Data were collected in Google Earth Engine and fitted with LandTrendr. Burn severity and post-fire recovery were quantified for 47 fires, with a new recovery metric facilitating comparison where fire frequency is high. Variables representing the current burn, fire history, vegetation structure, and topography were related to severity and yearly recovery with random forest and bivariate analysis. Results show that the 2019–2020 bushfires were the most widespread and severe, followed by 2007–2008. Vegetation recovers quickly, with NBR stabilizing ten years post-fire on average. Severity is most influenced by fire frequency, vegetation capacity and land use with more severe burns in nature conservation areas with dense vegetation and a history of frequent fires. Influence on recovery varied with time since fire, with initial (year 1–3) faster recovery observed in areas with less surviving vegetation. Later (year 6–10) recovery was most influenced by a variable representing burn year and further investigation indicates that precipitation increases in later post-fire years likely facilitated faster recovery. The relative abundance of eucalypt woodlands also has a positive influence on recovery in middle and later years. These results provide valuable information to land managers on Kangaroo Island and in similar environments, who should consider adjusting practices to limit future mega-fire risk and potential ecosystem shifts if severe fires become more frequent with climate change.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data details:</strong></p> <p>See paper: <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/23/3942">Remote Sensing | Free Full-Text | Contextualizing the 2019–2020 Kangaroo Island Bushfires: Quantifying Landscape-Level Influences on Past Severity and Recovery with Landsat and Google Earth Engine (mdpi.com)</a></p> <p>See code on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/ZZMitch/KangarooIslandFireHistory_1988to2020">ZZMitch/KangarooIslandFireHistory_1988to2020: Code from "Contextualizing the 2019–2020 Kangaroo Island Bushfires: Quantifying Landscape-Level Influences on Past Severity and Recovery with Landsat and Google Earth Engine" (RS, 2020) (github.com)</a></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>If you use these data, please reference: </strong></p> <p>Bonney, M.T., He, Y., Myint, S.W., 2020. Contextualizing the 2019–2020 Kangaroo Island bushfires: Quantifying landscape-level influences on past severity and recovery with Landsat and Google Earth Engine. Remote Sensing 12(23), <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233942" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233942</a>.</p>
FIGURES 22–27. P. hyacinthus spec. nov. habitat and live specimens. 22, 23. Seal Bay Conservation Park. 24, 25 in A new zygaenid moth species from Kangaroo Island, South Australia (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae: Procridinae)
FIGURES 22–27. P. hyacinthus spec. nov. habitat and live specimens. 22, 23. Seal Bay Conservation Park. 24, 25. Male (24) and female (25) feeding on flowers of Melaleuca lanceolata. 26. Male lateral, exposing the blue metallic body typical for live specimens of P. hyacinthus spec. nov. 27. Male, resting on a sedge, Gahnia deusta.
FIGURES 1–8. Pollanisus species, dorsal. 1. P in A new zygaenid moth species from Kangaroo Island, South Australia (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae: Procridinae)
FIGURES 1–8. Pollanisus species, dorsal. 1. P. isolatus, male, holotype, Victoria, Beaconsfield (MVM). 2. P. hyacinthus spec. nov. male, holotype (ANIC). 3. P. hyacinthus spec. nov., female, paratype (CAKM). 4. Ditto, female, paratype (CAKM). 5. P. cyanota. male, Victoria, Yackandandah (CAKM) 6. Ditto, female, Victoria, Yackandandah (CAKM). 7. P. calliceros, male, New South Wales, Barrington Tops (CAKM). 8. Ditto, male, Victoria, Cobberas (CAKM). Image 1, courtesy of Catriona McPhee.
FIGURES 17–21. Pollanisus species, genitalia. 17. P in A new zygaenid moth species from Kangaroo Island, South Australia (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae: Procridinae)
FIGURES 17–21. Pollanisus species, genitalia. 17. P. isolatus, male, left valva removed 18. P. hyacinthus spec. nov., male, paratype (gen. prep. AK622). 19. P. cyanota, male (gen. prep. AK616). 20. P. hyacinthus spec. nov., female, paratype (gen. prep. AK611). 21. P. cyanota, female (gen. prep. AK621). Image 17, courtesy of Simon Hinkley.
FIGURES 9–16. Pollanisus species, details. 9. P in A new zygaenid moth species from Kangaroo Island, South Australia (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae: Procridinae)
FIGURES 9–16. Pollanisus species, details. 9. P. isolatus, male, ventral. 10. P. hyacinthus sp. nov., male, ventral. 11. P. hyacinthus sp. nov., male, ventral. 12. ditto, female, ventral. 13, 14. P. isolatus, head, frontal (13), lateral (14). 15, 16. P. hyacinthus spec. nov., head, frontal (15), frontal from above (16). Images 9, 13 and 14, courtesy of Catriona McPhee.
FIGURE 10 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 10. Anabarhynchus venabrunneis sp. nov. Paratype male (SAMA_29:004655). Terminalia: A, epandrium; (left) dorsal view, (right) ventral view. B, (left) gonocoxite dorsal view, (right) ventral view. C, aedeagus dorsal view. D, aedeagus lateral view, (with dorsal view of anterior of ejaculatory apodeme). Paratype female (RGC_13946), E, furca. F, sternite 8 ventral view. Scale line=0.25 mm. [D. Ferguson].
FIGURE 6 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 6. Anabarhynchus halmaturinus sp. nov. Holotype male (SAMA_29:004693), frontal view. Scale line=0.5 mm. [C. Lemann].
FIGURE 5 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 5. Anabarhynchus halmaturinus sp. nov. Holotype male (SAMA_29:004693), lateral view. Scale line=1.0 mm. [C. Lemann].
FIGURE 9 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 9. Anabarhynchus venabrunneis sp. nov., Holotype male (SAMA_29:004654), frontal view. Scale line=0.5 mm. [C. Lemann].
FIGURE 2 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 2. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis sp. nov. Holotype male (SAMA_29:004656), lateral view. Scale line=1.0 mm. [C. Lemann].
FIGURE 1. A in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 1. A, frontal plan of Anabarhynchus head: frons width (fw) is determined by dividing it by the anterior ocellus width (ao). Areas of frons: upper frons (uf), middle frons (mf), lower frons (lf). B, lateral view of Anabarhynchus head: parafacial (pfl). Scale line= 1mm. [D. Ferguson].
FIGURE 4 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 4. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis sp. nov., Paratype male (ANIC_29:040883). Terminalia: A, epandrium; (left) dorsal view, (right) ventral view. B, (left) gonocoxite dorsal view, (right) ventral view. C, aedeagus dorsal view. D, aedeagus lateral view. Paratype female (RGC_9916), E, furca. F, sternite 8 ventral view. Scale line=0.25 mm. [D. Ferguson].
FIGURE 3 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 3. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis sp. nov. Holotype male (SAMA_29:004656), frontal view. Scale line=0.5 mm. [C. Lemann].
FIGURE 8 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 8. Anabarhynchus venabrunneis sp. nov. Holotype male (SAMA_29:004654), lateral view. Scale line=1.0 mm. [C. Lemann].
FIGURE 7 in New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia
FIGURE 7. Anabarhynchus halmaturinus sp. nov. Holotype (SAMA_29:004693). Terminalia: A, epandrium; (left) dorsal view, (right) ventral view. B, (left) gonocoxite dorsal view, (right) ventral view. C, aedeagus dorsal view. D, aedeagus lateral view. Paratype female (SAMA_29:004688), E, furca. F, sternite 8 ventral view. G, profile of sternite 8. Scale line=0.25 mm. [D. Ferguson].
Data from: To kill a kangaroo: understanding the decision to pursue high-risk/high-gain resources
In this paper, we attempt to understand hunter–gatherer foraging decisions about prey that vary in both the mean and variance of energy return using an expected utility framework. We show that for skewed distributions of energetic returns, the standard linear variance discounting (LVD) model for risk-sensitive foraging can produce quite misleading results. In addition to creating difficulties for the LVD model, the skewed distributions characteristic of hunting returns create challenges for estimating probability distribution functions required for expected utility. We present a solution using a two-component finite mixture model for foraging returns. We then use detailed foraging returns data based on focal follows of individual hunters in Western Australia hunting for high-risk/high-gain (hill kangaroo) and relatively low-risk/low-gain (sand monitor) prey. Using probability densities for the two resources estimated from the mixture models, combined with theoretically sensible utility curves characterized by diminishing marginal utility for the highest returns, we find that the expected utility of the sand monitors greatly exceeds that of kangaroos despite the fact that the mean energy return for kangaroos is nearly twice as large as that for sand monitors. We conclude that the decision to hunt hill kangaroos does not arise simply as part of an energetic utility-maximization strategy and that additional social, political or symbolic benefits must accrue to hunters of this highly variable prey.
FIGURE 8 in Morphology of larval and first juvenile stages of the kangaroo shrimp Dugastella valentina (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea), a freshwater atyid with abbreviated development and parental care
FIGURE 8. Dugastella valentina (Ferrer Galdiano, 1924), first juvenile: A, first maxilliped; B, second maxilliped; C, third maxilliped; D, first pereiopod; E magnification of chela; F, third pereiopod; G, third pleopod; H, uropod; I, telson. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 7 in Morphology of larval and first juvenile stages of the kangaroo shrimp Dugastella valentina (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea), a freshwater atyid with abbreviated development and parental care
FIGURE 7. Dugastella valentina (Ferrer Galdiano, 1924), first juvenile: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, antenna; D, antennule; E, mandible; F, maxillule; G, maxilla. Scale bars= 1 mm (A,B), 0.1 mm (C–G).
FIGURE 6 in Morphology of larval and first juvenile stages of the kangaroo shrimp Dugastella valentina (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea), a freshwater atyid with abbreviated development and parental care
FIGURE 6. Dugastella valentina (Ferrer Galdiano, 1924), telson: A, zoea I; B, zoea II; C, decapodid; third pleopod: D, zoea I; E, zoea II; F, decapodid. Scale bar = 0.5 mm (A–C), 0.25 mm (D–F).
FIGURE 5 in Morphology of larval and first juvenile stages of the kangaroo shrimp Dugastella valentina (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea), a freshwater atyid with abbreviated development and parental care
FIGURE 5. Dugastella valentina (Ferrer Galdiano, 1924), pereiopods first to fifth: A–E, zoea I; F–J, zoea II; K–O, decapodid. Scale bar = 0.25 mm.
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