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671 results for “mediating effect”
Data from: Short term variation in sperm competition causes sperm mediated epigenetic effects on early offspring performance in the zebrafish
The inheritance of non-genetic factors is increasingly seen to play a major role in ecology and evolution. While the causes and consequences of epigenetic effects transmitted from the mother to the offspring have received ample attention, much less is known about how variation in the condition of the father affects the offspring. Here, we manipulated the intensity of sperm competition experienced by male zebrafish Danio rerio to investigate the potential for sperm-mediated epigenetic effects over a relatively short period of time. We found that the rapid responses of males to varying intensity of sperm competition not only affected sperm traits as shown previously, but also the performance of the resulting offspring. We observed that males exposed to high intensity of sperm competition produced faster swimming and more motile sperm, and sired offspring that hatched over a narrower time frame but exhibited a lower survival rate than males exposed to low intensity of sperm competition. Our results provide striking evidence for short-term paternal effects and the possible fitness consequences of such sperm-mediated non-genetic factors not only for the resulting offspring but also for the female.
The Effect of Perception of Poverty on Quality of Life in Old Women and the Mediation of Depression Dataset
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PLAGIARM_Earnings Management's Mediating Role in the Effect of CEO Masculinity on Leverage
<p>Plagiarm Earnings Management's Mediating Role in the Effect of CEO Masculinity on Leverage</p>
Effect of soil stoichiometry mediated by vegetation on carbon emissions in a large wetland under hydrological stress
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Data for: An aggressive non-consumptive effect mediates pest control and multi-predator interactions in a coffee agroecosystem
<p class="MsoNormal">Natural pest control is an alternative to pesticide use in agriculture, which may help to curb insect declines and promote crop production. Non-consumptive interactions in natural pest control, which historically have received far less attention than consumptive interactions, may have distinct impacts on pest damage suppression and may also mediate positive multi-predator interactions. Additionally, when non-consumptive effects are driven by natural enemy aggression, variation in alternative resources for enemies may impact the strength of pest control. Here we study control of the coffee berry borer (CBB), <em>Hypothenemus hampei</em>, by a keystone arboreal ant species, <em>Azteca sericeasur</em>, which exhibits a non-consumptive effect on CBB by throwing them off coffee plants. We conducted two experiments to investigate: 1) if the strength of this behavior is driven by spatial or temporal variability in scale insect density (an alternative resource which <em>Azteca</em> tends for honeydew), 2) if this behavior mediates positive interactions between <em>Azteca</em> and other ground-foraging ants, and 3) the effect this behavior has on the overall suppression of CBB damage in multi-predator scenarios. Our behavioral experiment showed that nearly all interactions between <em>Azteca</em> and CBB are non-consumptive and that this behavior occurs more frequently in the dry season and with higher densities of scale insects on coffee branches. Our multi-predator experiment revealed that borers thrown off coffee plants by <em>Azteca</em> can survive and potentially damage other nearby plants but may be suppressed by ground-foraging ants. Although we found no non-additive effects between <em>Azteca</em> and ground-foraging ants on overall CBB damage, together, both species resulted in the lowest level of plant damage with the subsequent reduction in "spillover" damage caused by thrown CBB, indicating spatial complementarity between predators. These results present a unique case of natural pest control, where damage suppression is driven almost exclusively by non-consumptive natural enemy aggression, as opposed to consumption or prey behavioral changes. Furthermore, our results demonstrate the variability that may occur in non-consumptive pest control interactions when natural enemy aggressive behavior is impacted by alternative resources, and also show how these non-consumptive effects can mediate positive interactions between natural enemies to enhance overall crop damage reduction.</p>
Seed and seedling predation by vertebrates mediates the effects of adult trees in two temperate tree species
<p>This dataset presents the proportion of <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> and <em>Picea abies </em>seeds per plot that transitioned into seedlings within the period of 15 biweekly censuses ("Establishment.csv") and the proportion of surviving <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> and <em>Picea abies </em>seedlings per plot at each seedling census interval ("Survival.csv"). Our experimental design comprised six forest sites, 24 blocks and 192 seedling plots. Because three of the sites were represented by <em>Picea abies</em> monocultures and another three by <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> monocultures, we designed a two-level conspecific vs. heterospecific treatment to test for the effects of conspecific and heterospecific adults. Within each block, we randomly assigned half of the seedling plots to <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> and another half to <em>Picea abies</em>. Plots were then sown with the seeds of a particular species. Conspecific treatment was represented by seeds and seedlings of a species situated in the plots of conspecific monocultures, while heterospecific treatment was characterised by seeds and seedlings of a species situated in the plots of heterospecific monocultures.</p> <p>Given the four seedling plots of each block belonging to either <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> or <em>Picea abies</em>, we randomly assigned one of the four levels of an enemy exclusion treatment to each plot in order to manipulate seed and seedling predation by one or another enemy type. Four levels of this treatment were designed, excluding fungal pathogens by the use of fungicide, herbivorous insects by insecticide and herbivorous vertebrates by cages. The fourth level was used as a control with no enemy exclusion applied.</p> <p>To account for the effects of environmental conditions on seedling establishment and survival, establishment and survival models also included light and soil resource availability parameters.</p> <p>Data contains (1) the proportion of established seedlings (sumEst), adult tree species (Stand), seedling species (Species), enemy exclusion treatment (Treat), block ID , stand ID, plot ID and light and soil resource availability parameters for the analyses of seedling establishment ("Establishment.csv"), and (2) the proportion of established seedlings (sumEst), the proportion of surviving seedlings (Surviving), adult tree species (Stand), seedling species (Species), enemy exclusion treatment (Treat), block ID , stand ID, plot ID, census interval (Week) and light and soil resource availability parameters for the analyses of seedling establishment for the analyses of seedling survival ("Survival.csv").</p>
The Impact of Addictive Behaviors on Adolescents Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Peer Influence
<p>Journal of Genetic Psychology</p>
THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF CYBERBULLING AND SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT IN ADOLESCENT PERIOD
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Fig. 3 in Effects of the interannual variations in the flood pulse mediated by hypoxia tolerance: the case of the fish assemblages in the upper Paraná River floodplain
Fig. 3. Interannual variation of the absolute and mean ± s.e. values of dissolved oxygen (a, c) and water transparency (b, d) in lakes (circle) and river channels (square) of the upper Paraná River floodplain, in years of short (2000 and 2001) and moderate (2002 and 2003) floods. Numbers 1-6 are codes of the sampling stations (see Fig. 1).
Supplementary material 2 from: Cole MW (2018) Effectiveness of peer-mediated learning for English language learners: A meta-analysis. Research Ideas and Outcomes 4: e29375. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.4.e29375
These are studies that were potentially-relevant to the meta-anlayses, but that were ultimately excluded during inclusion coding. Future researchers might find this list especially valuable.
Dataset for paper "Effects of Heavy Metal Accumulation Mediated by Floral Rewards on Key Stages of Growth and Development of Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris L.)"
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Data from: Matrilineal inheritance of a key mediator of prenatal maternal effects
Sex-linkage is predicted to evolve in response to sex-specific or sexually antagonistic selection. In line with this prediction, most sex-linked genes are associated with reproduction in the respective sex. In addition to traits directly involved in fertility and fecundity, mediators of maternal effects may be predisposed to evolve sex-linkage, because they indirectly affect female fitness through their effect on offspring phenotype. Here, we test for sex-linked inheritance of a key mediator of prenatal maternal effects in oviparous species, the transfer of maternally derived testosterone to the eggs. Consistent with maternal inheritance, we found that in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) granddaughters resemble their maternal (but not their paternal) grandmother in yolk testosterone deposition. This pattern of resemblance was not due to non-genetic priming effects of testosterone exposure during prenatal development, as an experimental manipulation of yolk testosterone levels did not affect the females' testosterone transfer to their own eggs later in life. Instead, W chromosome and/or mitochondrial variation may underlie the observed matrilineal inheritance pattern. Ultimately, the inheritance of mediators of maternal effects along the maternal line will allow for a fast and direct response to female-specific selection, thereby affecting the dynamics of evolutionary processes mediated by maternal effects.
Data from: Plant-mediated effects on mosquito capacity to transmit human malaria
The ecological context in which mosquitoes and malaria parasites interact has received little attention, compared to the genetic and molecular aspects of malaria transmission. Plant nectar and fruits are important for the nutritional ecology of malaria vectors, but how the natural diversity of plant-derived sugar sources affects mosquito competence for malaria parasites is unclear. To test this, we infected Anopheles coluzzi, an important African malaria vector, with sympatric field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum, using direct membrane feeding assays. Through a series of experiments, we then examined the effects of sugar meals from Thevetia neriifolia and Barleria lupilina cuttings that included flowers, and fruit from Lannea microcarpa and Mangifera indica on parasite and mosquito traits that are key for determining the intensity of malaria transmission. We found that the source of plant sugar meal differentially affected infection prevalence and intensity, the development duration of the parasites, as well as the survival and fecundity of the vector. These effects are likely the result of complex interactions between toxic secondary metabolites and the nutritional quality of the plant sugar source, as well as of host resource availability and parasite growth. Using an epidemiological model, we show that plant sugar source can be a significant driver of malaria transmission dynamics, with some plant species exhibiting either transmission-reducing or -enhancing activities.
Data from: Modulation of plant-mediated interactions between herbivores of different feeding guilds: effects of parasitism and belowground interactions
Herbivory affects subsequent herbivores, mainly regulated by the phytohormones jasmonic (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). Additionally, organisms such as soil microbes belowground or parasitoids that develop inside their herbivorous hosts aboveground, can change plant responses to herbivory. However, it is not yet well known how organisms of trophic levels other than herbivores, below- and above-ground, alter the interactions between insect species sharing a host plant. Here, we investigated whether the parasitoid Aphidius colemani and different soil microbial communities (created through plant-soil feedbacks) affect the JA and SA signalling pathways in response to the aphid Myzus persicae and the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, as well as subsequent thrips performance. Our results show that the expression of the JA-responsive gene CaPINII in sweet pepper was more suppressed by aphids than by parasitised aphids. However, parasitism did not affect the expression of CaPAL1, a biosynthetic gene of SA. Furthermore, aphid feeding enhanced thrips performance compared with uninfested plants, but this was not observed when aphids were parasitised. Soils where different plant species were previously grown, did not affect plant responses or the interaction between herbivores. Our study shows that members of the third trophic level can modify herbivore interactions by altering plant physiology.
Increased Cardiac PFK-2 Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Cardiomyopathy and Mediates Beneficial Systemic Metabolic Effects
<p>Abstract. The healthy heart adapts to changes in nutrient availability and energy demands. In metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D), increased reliance on fatty acids for energy production contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyopathy. A principal regulator of cardiac metabolism is 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK-2), which is a central driver of glycolysis. We hypothesized that increasing PFK-2 activity could mitigate cardiac dysfunction induced by high fat diet (HFD). Wild type (WT) and cardiac-specific transgenic mice expressing PFK-2 (Glyco<sup>Hi</sup>) were fed a low fat or HFD for 16-weeks to induce metabolic dysfunction. Metabolic phenotypes were determined by measuring mitochondrial bioenergetics and performing targeted quantitative proteomic and metabolomic analysis. Increasing cardiac PFK-2 had beneficial effects on cardiac and mitochondrial function. Unexpectedly, Glyco<sup>Hi</sup> mice also exhibited sex-dependent systemic protection from HFD, including increased glucose homeostasis. These findings support improving glycolysis via PFK-2 activity can mitigate mitochondrial and functional changes that occur with metabolic syndrome.</p> <p>There are two types of data in this upload, proteomics and metabolomics.</p> <p>The proteomics data are raw files acquired on a tsq quantiva triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the SRM mode at OMRF. Each file is panel of protein assays. Please contact Mike Kinter with questions.</p> <p>The metabolomics data are more processed data files as described in the paper. Please contact Haiwei Gu with questions.</p>
Evaluation of Ocular Surface Inflammatory Mediators Effected by Lotemax
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02322528. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Effects of Losartan and Antiretroviral Regimen Containing Raltegravir in Fibrosis Inflammation Mediators, Cardiovascular Risk and Neurocognitive Disorders in HIV Infected Patients Previously Effective
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01529749. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Robot Mediated Therapy-Feasibility Study and Preliminary Effects
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05729633. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.
Effect of Daily Low Dose Aspirin on Exhaled Inflammatory Mediators in Normal Subjects
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00898222. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Effect of Naltrexone and Varenicline on Alcohol-Mediated Smoking Lapse
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00773422. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.