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2,649 results for “optics”
Prospects for single photon sideband cooling of optically trapped neutral atoms
<p>Data used for figures in paper: Berto et al., Prospects for single photon sideband cooling of optically trapped neutral atoms, 2021.</p> <p>Data is organized in single files fig1.csv, fig2.csv, ..., etc, each containing columns of <x> and <y> used to create the curves in the given figure.</p> <p> </p> <p>Abstract: We propose a novel cooling scheme for realising single photon sideband cooling on particles trapped in a state-dependent optical potential. We develop a master rate equation from an ab-initio model and find that in experimentally feasible conditions it is possible to drastically reduce the average occupation number of the vibrational levels by applying a frequency sweep on the cooling laser that sequentially cools all the motional states. Notably, this cooling scheme works also when a particle experiences a deeper trap in its internal ground state than in its excited state, a condition for which conventional single photon sideband cooling does not work. In our analysis, we consider two cases: a two-level particle confined in an optical tweezer and Li atoms confined in an optical lattice, and find conditions for efficient cooling in both cases. The results from the model are confirmed by a full quantum Monte Carlo simulation of the system Hamiltonian. Our findings provide an alternative cooling scheme that can be applied in principle to any particle, e.g. atoms, molecules or ions, confined in a state-dependent optical potential.</p>
QR-Code Optical Covert Channel Benchmark
<p>Benchmark results of the QR-Code Optical Covert Channel existing in the reference implementation of a open-source secure data infrastructure and processes.</p>
Modeling of the optical spectra of the High-mass X-ray binaries IGR J17544-2619 and IGR J21343+4738
<p>We present the results of our long-term photometric and spectroscopic observations at the Russian–Turkish RTT-150 telescope for the optical counterparts of the High-mass X-ray binaries IGR J17544-2619 and IGR J21343+4738. Based on our optical data, we have determined for the first time the orbital and physical parameters of the IGR J17544-2619 by the methods of Doppler spectroscopy. We have calculated theoretical spectra for the optical counterpart by applying non-LTE corrections for selected lines and obtained the parameters of the stellar atmosphere (<em>T</em><sub>eff</sub> = 33 000 K, log <em>g</em> = 3.85, <em>R<sub>V </sub></em>= 9.5 R<sub>sun</sub>, and <em>M<sub>V</sub></em> = 23M<sub>sun</sub>). The variability of the Hα line in the optical Be star spectra of the IGR J21343+4738 is studied. It reflects the dynamic evolution of the equatorial disk of the optical star. Decrease of the equivalent width of the central absorption of the Hα line from 2006 to 2012 and from 2014 to 2019 is accompanied by a decrease in the photometric brightness of the system, which is explained by an increase in the radius of the equatorial disk of the Be star, which eclipses the star itself. In 2013, the disk size reached its maximum value and was destroyed. From 2014 to 2019 the process of accumulation of matter again began in the equatorial disk of the star, and it can be assumed that in the near future the source will again flare up in the X-ray range.</p>
Stable and compact RF-to-optical link using lithium niobate on insulator waveguides
<p>Stable and compact RF-to-optical link using lithium niobate on insulator waveguides</p> <p>Optical frequency combs have become a very powerful tool in metrology and beyond thanks to their ability to link radio frequencies with optical frequencies via a process known as self-referencing. Typical self-referencing is accomplished in two steps: the generation of an octave-spanning supercontinuum spectrum and the frequency-doubling of one part of that spectrum. Traditionally, these two steps have been performed by two separate optical components. With the advent of photonic integrated circuits, the combination of these two steps has become possible in a single small and monolithic chip. One photonic integrated<br> circuit platform very well suited for on-chip self-referencing is lithium niobate on insulator - a platform characterised by high second and third order nonlinearities. Here we show that combining a lithium niobate on insulator waveguide with a silicon photodiode results in a very compact and direct low-noise path towards self-referencing of mode-locked lasers. Using digital servo electronics, the resulting frequency comb is fully stabilized. Its high degree of stability is verifed with an independent out-of-loop measurement and is quantifed to be 6.8 mHz. Furthermore, we show that the spectrum generated inside the lithium niobate waveguide remains stable over many hours.</p>
Open data source for "Optically reconfigurable quasi-phase-matching in silicon nitride microresonators"
<p>The folder includes includes the raw data as well as codes that were used for generation of all Figures in the paper "Optically reconfigurable quasi-phase-matching in silicon nitride microresonators".</p>
Dataset for 'Intercontinental comparison of optical atomic clocks through very long baseline interferometry'
<p>Dataset for the international comparison of optical atomic clocks using Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) and Global Positioning System (GPS) precise point positioning solution with integer ambiguity (IPPP) techniques appeared in <em>Nature Physics, <strong> 17</strong></em>, 223-227 (2021). The dataset is also available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-01038-6">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-01038-6</a></p>
Sentinel-2 Optical satellite imagery for Epidemic Disease Mapping
<p>Sentinel-2 Optical satellite imagery for Epidemic Disease Mapping</p>
Tailoring the optical and dynamic properties of iminothioindoxyl photoswitches through acidochromism
<p>Multi-responsive functional molecules are key for obtaining user-defined control of the properties and functions of chemical and biological systems. In this respect, pH-responsive photochromes, whose switching can be directed with light and acid–base equilibria, have emerged as highly attractive molecular units. The challenge in their design comes from the need to accommodate application-defined boundary conditions for both light- and protonation-responsivity. Here we combine time-resolved spectroscopic studies, on time scales ranging from femtoseconds to seconds, with density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate and apply the acidochromism of a recently designed iminothioindoxyl (ITI) photoswitch. We show that protonation of the thermally stable <em>Z</em> isomer leads to a strong batochromically-shifted absorption band, allowing for fast isomerization to the metastable <em>E</em> isomer with light in the 500–600 nm region. Theoretical studies of the reaction mechanism reveal the crucial role of the acid–base equilibrium which controls the populations of the protonated and neutral forms of the <em>E</em> isomer. Since the former is thermally stable, while the latter re-isomerizes on a millisecond time scale, we are able to modulate the half-life of ITIs over three orders of magnitude by shifting this equilibrium. Finally, stable bidirectional switching of protonated ITI with green and red light is demonstrated with a half-life in the range of tens of seconds. Altogether, we designed a new type of multi-responsive molecular switch in which protonation red-shifts the activation wavelength by over 100 nm and enables efficient tuning of the half-life in the millisecond–second range.</p> <p> </p> <p>Article information: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D0SC07000A">https://doi.org/10.1039/D0SC07000A</a></p>
Optically measured mean leaf traits from a large set of taxa growing in two botanical gardens: in the French Alps and southern Finland
<p>This dataset contains records of the optically measured mean leaf traits (adaxial flavonol & anthocyanin index and chlorophyll index, units are an optical index of leaf/epidermal relative absorbance) from a large set of plant taxa growing at alpine botanical garden at the Joseph Fourier Field Station (Université Grenoble Alps, France; 2100 m a.s.l.; 45°2' 9" N, 6°23' 59" E) and at Kumpula Botanical Garden (LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Finland; 14 m a.s.l.; 60° 12' 7" N, 24° 57' 26" E;). Optical measurements were made during the summers of 2014 and 2015 with a leaf-clip Dualex Scientific + (Force-A, Paris-Orsay, France) and all detailed information about the methods are published in Hartikainen and Robson, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1058162. This dataset also includes spectrophotometer measurements of absorbance by phenolic compounds in leaf extracts in acidified methanol (abs range 290-400 nm) and mini-PAM measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence from different subsets of taxa at alpine botanical garden. All details concerning these data are given in Hartikainen and Robson (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1058162) and its Supplementary Materials. Sheet with explanation of the different variables is also included.</p>
Tholin optical constants and cross-sections from Corrales & Gavilan et al., 2023 (accepted ApJL)
<p>Data release for Corrales, L., Gavilan, L., Teal, D. J., Kempton, E. M.-R., 2023, ApJL, in press</p> <p>Provides the optical constants from tholins grown in the laboratory (Gavilan et al. 2017, 2018) and computed cross-sections (Mie) for a wide range of particle sizes, for wavelengths of 0.13-10 micron. Python libraries and code for reproducing this work are provided. A static, refactored version of Exo_Transmit (Kempton et al. 2017, Teal et al. 2022, Corrales et al. 2023) is also provided for computing exoplanet transmission spectra with the new tholin species. </p> <p>See README file for a full list of contents and instructions for use.</p>
Centroid values of aerosol optical properties for 8 sub-types based in AERONET inversion data (1993–2018)
<p>In this project, we adapted our previously defined 5 aerosol optical typology scheme (Hamill et al. 2016) to result in a more discriminating 8 aerosol typology scheme (Giordano 2019). Previously we presented an aerosol classification based upon AERONET level 2.0 almucantar retrieval products from the period 1993 to 2012. In the initial phases of this research, we opto-physically identified five major types of <strong>Bulk Columnar Aerosol</strong> (BCA) based solely upon intensive optical properties of spectral Single Scattering Albedo (<strong>SSA</strong>), spectral Indices of Refraction (real – <strong>RRI</strong> and imaginary – <strong>IRI</strong>), and two Angstrom Exponents (extinction – <strong>EAE</strong> and absorption – <strong>AAE</strong>). These BCA were classified as Maritime Aerosol, Dust Aerosol, Urban Industrial Aerosol, Biomass Burning Aerosol, and Mixed Aerosol. The classification of a particular observation as one of these aerosol types is determined by its five-dimensional Mahalanobis distance (MD) to the centroid of each reference cluster (itself a 5-D hyperellipsoid). To retain a greater number of AERONET sites in the study (200+), we kept the variable space to 5-D. To generate reference clusters, we only retained data points that were found to lie within 2 MD from the data centroid. Our typology is based on AERONET retrieved quantities, which do not include low optical depth values (AOD440nm < 0.4 as per AERONET criteria for almucantar scan inversion). </p> <p>The classifications obtained are made available to be used in interpreting aerosol retrievals from satellite-borne instruments and as input for regional climate models. A major result of this aerosol typology is a dataset describing the types of aerosol particles that are distinct from one another in optical properties and a geographic distribution of those aerosol types. We used the typology scheme upon the qualifying AERONET data archive and produced seasonal aerosol climatologies by aerosol type for each of the AERONET sites included in the study, regional aerosol climatology maps, and a time-integrated global aerosol climatology map based entirely upon ground-based photometric data (Giordano 2022). An internally hyperlinked compendium of the individual AERONET site aerosol climatologies was produced to contain the results of the first phase of this work [available at <a href="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1352231016304265-mmc1.pdf">https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1352231016304265-mmc1.pdf</a>]. Each of these original five aerosol types (Hamill et al. 2016, Giordano 2019) was further discriminated into specific sub-types by this same scheme to achieve an 8-aerosol typology (Giordano 2019 Chapter 2). For example, optical discrimination into specific sub-types of Biomass Burning aerosol may provide insight into sources exhibiting spectrally distinct smoke properties. Here we segmented the Biomass Burning Aerosol type into the sub-types of <em>Flaming</em> (<strong>BMF</strong>) and <em>Smoldering</em> (<strong>BMS</strong>) using the centroid separation method and the MD criteria for in-class inclusion was adjusted to 1.5 MD. Similarly, we found great confidence in discriminating the MIXED aerosol type into two distinct regimes which we simply labeled as <em>MIXEDtype1</em> (<strong>MIXED1</strong>) and <em>MIXEDtype2</em> (<strong>MIXED2</strong>). These can be visually verified by examining any one of many possible renditions of 3-D optical spaces noting their 5-D centroids are separated by a distance of 3.47-3.85 MD [Giordano 2019 Chapter 2]. Likewise, the Urban Industrial Aerosol class was further discriminated into European Urban Industrial (<strong>EURO UI</strong>) and North American (<strong>NA UI</strong>), whose 5-D centroids are separated by a distance of 2.60–3.08 MD. We then used the previously employed mathematical strategies to sort the global AERONET data retrievals into the aerosol types classified against their reference standards. We believe the strategies regarding aerosol differentiation using polarization data (Hamill, Piedra and Giordano 2020) are an additional method useful for analysis of the newer AERONET version 3 data retrievals, and data collected from the deployment of newer CIMEL sun-photometers (with enhanced polarization measurement capabilities) to the network. The resulting AERONET-based 8-aerosol optical typology, in a 5-D basis is useful for applications in aerosol optics, including direct forward modeling of radiative transfer to determine the effects of aerosol absorption and/or scattering on vertical heating profiles and ground received irradiance quantities, for input into more complicated remote sensing algorithms, used as calibration/validation values for in-situ and laboratory experimental studies, and evaluating radiative forcing calculations in atmospheric models.</p> <p>[Work related to an 8-aerosol typology in 6-D, 8-D, 9-D and 10-D optical property bases, and their files, are to be published subsequently as a different database project in 2023.]</p>
Data set. Optical properties. J-aggregate:PVA polaritonic films.
<p>Optical properties (real and imaginary part of permittivity) of J-aggregate:PVA materials analysed in manuscript entitled "Bio-inspired building blocks for all-organic metamaterials from visible to near-infrared". </p> <p>arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.02315</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset of the paper "Numerical Study of the Optical Response of ITO-In2O3 Core-Shell Nanocrystals for Multispectral Electromagnetic Shielding"
<p>This dataset provides the raw data of the paper "Numerical Study of the Optical Response of ITO-In2O3 Core-Shell Nanocrystals for Multispectral Electromagnetic Shielding"</p>
Compact metasurface-based optical pulse-shaping device
<p>Dataset of the publication “Compact metasurface-based optical pulse-shaping device“ by René Geromel, Philip Georgi, Maximilian Protte, Shiwei Lei, Tim Bartley, Lingling Huang, and Thomas Zentgraf. </p> <p>The provided data includes all the measured SHG-FROG traces at all compressor positions (SCMP) that are provided in the publication. The columns correspond to the time delay and the rows to the wavelengths. More information regarding the specific measurements can be found in the beginning of each file. A reference file containing the detected/resolved wavelength points from the used spectrometer is included in “wavelength_reference”. Besides this, the phase information of the different MS2 designs along the x-axis in steps of 300 nm (periodicity of the unit cell) is documented. The plotted data from Fig. 4 and 5 of the paper can be found in the “dispersion_data” and “double_pulse_temporal_data” file.</p>
Data used in the paper (Two-point optical manipulation reveals mechanosensitive remodeling of cell-cell contacts in vivo)
<p>Data used in the paper (Two-point optical manipulation reveals mechanosensitive remodeling of cell-cell contacts in vivo)</p>
An Agnostic Benchmark for Optical Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution
<p>In remote sensing, image super-resolution (ISR) is a technique used to create high-resolution (HR) images from low-resolution (R) satellite images, giving a more detailed view of the Earth’s surface. However, with the constant development and introduction of new ISR algorithms, it can be challenging to stay updated on the latest advancements and evaluate their performance objectively. To address this issue, we introduce SRcheck, a Python package that provides an easy-to-use interface for comparing and benchmarking various ISR methods. SRcheck includes a range of datasets that consist of high-resolution and low-resolution image pairs, as well as a set of quantitative metrics for evaluating the performance of SISR algorithms.</p>
Automatic Choroid Vascularity Index Calculation in Optical Coherence Tomography Images with Low Contrast Sclerocho-roidal Junction Using Deep Learning
<p>This project aims to calculate Choroid Vascularity Index (CVI) in optical coherenece tomography (OCT) images, using loss modified U-Net. The method is detailed in "Automatic Choroid Vascularity Index Calculation in Optical Coherence Tomography Images low contrast sclerochoroidal junction Using Deep Learning". The dataset consists of Enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography images from two patient groups.</p> <p>• First dataset is including Raster OCT B-scans from patients with diabetic retinopathy.</p> <p>• Second dataset is including EDI-HD OCT B-scans from patients with pachychoroid spectrum.</p>
Optical data for Cu2O, CuO and Cu in the 1 eV to ~ 100 eV energy range.
<p>Our optical data in (J. Phys.: Condensed Matter.24 (2012) 175002; DOI10.1088/0953-8984/24/17/175002) for Cu<sub>2</sub>O, CuO, and Cu in the 1 eV to ~ 100 eV energy range has received a strong and continued interest and we have had requests to share the data in digital form.</p> <p>Here we therefore make the data available for n and k in Fig. 8 of the paper in two Excel files.</p>
Colossal optical anisotropy from atomic-scale modulations: manuscript data
<ul> <li>Relevant data files for Main Text figures of "Colossal optical anisotropy from atomic-scale modulations"</li> <li>Relevant data files for Supplementary Information figures of "Colossal optical anisotropy from atomic-scale modulations"</li> </ul>
Optical Image Correlation Data for 2023 Kahramanmaras Earthquakes
<p>Horizontal surface deformation maps generated from pixel tracking of Sentinel-2 optical satellite images using COSI-Corr.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.