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FIGURE 5 in Pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure on four genera from Asphodelaceae and their taxonomical implication

FIGURE 5. Dendrogram was obtained from the analysis of pollen grain data in the studied species and their related taxonomic relationships. Three types showed in the dendrogram: Type 1 (Aloe- Eremurus type or node 6), type 2 (Asphodelus type or node 7), and type 3 (Hemerocallis type or node 8).

FIGURE 4 in Pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure on four genera from Asphodelaceae and their taxonomical implication

FIGURE 4. Transmission electron microscopic micrographs from Aloe vera (A. section of the whole pollen grain, B. pollen grain wall, and C. the pollen grain wall in the sulcus margin region) and Eremurus spectabilis (D. section of the whole pollen grain, E. pollen grain wall, F. the pollen grain wall in the sulcus margin region). F (Foot layer), C (Columellae), T (Tectum), E (Ectexine), In (Intine), and Io (Intine layer in the sulcus region). Scale bars—4 μm (A), 10 μm (D), 1 μm (E and F), and 0.5 μm (B and C).

FIGURE 3 in Pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure on four genera from Asphodelaceae and their taxonomical implication

FIGURE 3. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs from the pollen grains; Eremurus persicus (A–C), Eremurus spectabilis (D–F), Eremurus stenophylus (G–I), Hemerocallis minor (J–L). Scale bars—10 μm (A, D, G, J, M), 2 μm (B, E, H, K, N), and 5 μm (C, F, I, L, O). Bars = 10 μm for pollens (A, D, G, J, M), 2 μm for central and sulcus margin regions of pollens (B, E, H, K, N), and 5 μm for distal region of pollens (C, F, I, L, O).

FIGURE 1 in Pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure on four genera from Asphodelaceae and their taxonomical implication

FIGURE 1. Light microscopic photographs of the pollen grains; Aloe vera (A), Asphodelus tenuifolius (B), Eremurus inderiensis (C), Eremurus kopet-daghensis (D), Eremurus luteus (E), Eremurus persicus (F), Eremurus spectabilis (G), Eremurus stenophylus (H), and Hemerocallis minor (I). Scale bars—10 μm

FIGURE 2 in Pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure on four genera from Asphodelaceae and their taxonomical implication

FIGURE 2. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of the pollen grains; Aloe vera (A–C), Asphodelus tenuifolius (D–F), Eremurus inderiensis (G–I), Eremurus kopet-daghensis (J–L), and Eremurus luteus (M–O). Scale bars—10 μm for pollens (A, D, G, J, M), 2 μm for central and sulcus margin regions of the pollens (B, E, H, K, N) and 5 μm for distal region of pollens (C, F, I, L, O).

FIGURE 6 in Pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure on four genera from Asphodelaceae and their taxonomical implication

FIGURE 6. Principal components analysis scatterplot obtained from overlapping of species (case scores) and pollen grain characters (variable loadings) (A); the situation of variable loadings from both axes (B). Type 1 (Aloe- Eremurus type); type 2 (Asphodelus type); type 3 (Hemerocallis type). Group A: P/E ratio, pollen shape, pollen type, exine ornamentation in central region, sulcus margin exine ornamentation, exine ornamentation in distal region, exine ornamentation in lumina region, minimum and maximum of lumina and muri size; Group B: minimum of equatorial and polar of pollens, average and maximum of polar from pollens; Ex: maximum of equatorial axis; and Em: average of the equatorial axis.

Supplementary material 3 from: Beza-Beza CF, Beck J, Reyes-Castillo P, Jameson ML (2017) Phylogeny of the genus Yumtaax Boucher (Coleoptera, Passalidae, Proculini): Taxonomic and evolutionary implications with descriptions of three new species. ZooKeys 667: 95-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.667.10716

Figure S2 : Explanation note: 50% majority-rule consensus of Bayesian posterior probabilities resulting from analysis of the 12S data. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) (> 0.50) and bootstrap support (BS) (> 50) are noted. Yumtaax veracrucensis sp. n. = Yumtaax LCM; Yumtaax recticornis = Yumtaax recticornis OM; Yumtaax laticornis = Yumtaax CM; Yumtaax cameliae sp. n. = Yumtaax LM; Yumtaax jimenezi sp. n. = Yumtaax recticornis VM.

Supplementary material 4 from: Beza-Beza CF, Beck J, Reyes-Castillo P, Jameson ML (2017) Phylogeny of the genus Yumtaax Boucher (Coleoptera, Passalidae, Proculini): Taxonomic and evolutionary implications with descriptions of three new species. ZooKeys 667: 95-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.667.10716

Figure S3 : Explanation note: 50% majority-rule consensus of Bayesian posterior probabilities resulting from analysis of the 28S data. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) (> 0.50) and bootstrap support (BS) (> 50) are noted. Yumtaax veracrucensis sp. n. = Yumtaax LCM; Yumtaax recticornis = Yumtaax recticornis OM; Yumtaax laticornis = Yumtaax CM; Yumtaax cameliae sp. n. = Yumtaax LM; Yumtaax jimenezi sp. n. = Yumtaax recticornis VM.

Supplementary material 2 from: Beza-Beza CF, Beck J, Reyes-Castillo P, Jameson ML (2017) Phylogeny of the genus Yumtaax Boucher (Coleoptera, Passalidae, Proculini): Taxonomic and evolutionary implications with descriptions of three new species. ZooKeys 667: 95-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.667.10716

Figure S1 : Explanation note: 50% majority-rule consensus of Bayesian posterior probabilities resulting from analysis of the COI data. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) (> 0.50) and bootstrap support (BS) (> 50) are noted. Yumtaax veracrucensis sp. n. = Yumtaax LCM; Yumtaax recticornis = Yumtaax recticornis OM; Yumtaax laticornis = Yumtaax CM; Yumtaax cameliae sp. n. = Yumtaax LM; Yumtaax jimenezi sp. n. = Yumtaax recticornis VM..

Supplementary material 1 from: Beza-Beza CF, Beck J, Reyes-Castillo P, Jameson ML (2017) Phylogeny of the genus Yumtaax Boucher (Coleoptera, Passalidae, Proculini): Taxonomic and evolutionary implications with descriptions of three new species. ZooKeys 667: 95-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.667.10716

Table S1 : Explanation note: Voucher specimens for taxa included in the molecular analysis (species, depository, preservation method, collection data, and GenBank DNA sequence accession numbers).

FIGURE 10 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 10. Pseudoyersinia maroccana. From left to right (all in dorsal view): male holotype, female allotype, male genitalia (holotype) and line drawings of the distal process of hypophallus showing variation across selected paratypes. Scale bar for genitalia = 1 mm.

FIGURE 14 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 14. Comparison of the general shape and the opacity of the flight organs among representative specimens of (from the left to right): A. maroccana, A. s. obscura, and A. gracilis. This picture is a single shot under natural light, background artificially removed by a uniform brightness/contrast software manipulation (scale bar = 1cm).

FIGURE 1 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 1. Ameles andreae, male genitalia. Left: left epiphallus with titillator and pseudophallus, both in dorsal view (observed variation in the latter shown below in line drawings). Centre: distal process of hypophallus, dorsal view (observed variation shown below in line drawings). Right: right epiphallus in ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 5. Ameles maroccana, male genitalia. Left: left epiphallus with pseudophallus on the left and titillator on the right in dorsal view. Centre: distal process of hypophallus in dorsal view. Right: right epiphallus in ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 13 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 13. Correlation between the width of the ocelli (x axis) and the length (in mm) of forewings (y axis, as "tegmina"), showing an almost linear tendency, i.e. larger ocelli mean longer forewings.

FIGURE 12 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 12. Analysis of the colour components in the cell membrane of hind wings of A. s. obscura (1,2,3), A. maroccana (4), A. andreae (5), A. picteti (6), A. gracilis (7), A. spallanzania (8), A. decolor (9), and L. obscura (10). Comparison of the output obtained from original 32bits photo wit a palette of about 16 millions of colours (4106 used), and scaled to 16bits photo with a palette of 16 colours (15 used).

FIGURE 3. Plate V in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 3. Plate V from the Histoire naturelle des Iles Canaries (Brullé 1840, modified): Ameles limbata (left) and Ameles gracilis (right).

FIGURE 8 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 8. Ameles spallanzania obscura, male genitalia in dorsal view. Left: left epiphallus complex and hypophallus (variation in the latter shown in line drawings). Right: right epiphallus in dorsal view (variation in pseudophallus shown in line drawings). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 4. Ameles gracilis, male genitalia (dorsal view). Left: left epiphallus with titillator and pseudophallus Centre: distal process of the hypophallus. Right: right epiphallus in ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 11 in Morphological convergences in Ameles Burmeister and Pseudoyersinia Kirby: Taxonomic implications of wing reduction and flight predisposition in some West-Mediterranean Amelini (Insecta: Mantodea)

FIGURE 11. Comparison of minimum and maximum values (mm) between pronotum (x axis) and forewings lengths (y axis) of short winged species herein considered, in addition to other selected macropterous species (data from Battiston & Fontana, 2005 and Agabiti et al., 2010). The resulting graphic shows how different species can be grouped by estimating the ratio between these two variables.