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opennotspecifiedJul 2020View details →

FIGURES 2-7 in Taxonomy and distribution of Cylindera germanica (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Middle East with the description of two new subspecies (Coleoptera, Carabidae Cicindelinae)

FIGURES 2-7: Cylindera germanica ssp. from Turkey (males). C. germanica germanica from Erzurum (2), Çankırı (3), Izmir (4), Istanbul (5); C. germanica muelleri from Edirne (6); C. germanica lyciae from Antalya (7; paratype).

opennotspecifiedJul 2020View details →

FIGURE 8-11 in Taxonomy and distribution of Cylindera germanica (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Middle East with the description of two new subspecies (Coleoptera, Carabidae Cicindelinae)

FIGURE 8-11: Cylindera germanica erzincana ssp. nov. (8) holotype (male), (9) paratype (female), (10) aedeagus of holotype (left lateral view), (11) habitat at type locality east of Erzincan.

opencc-by-sa-4.0Jul 2020View details →

Cave lynx Osteometrical Datasets from L'Escale Palaeontological site (South-East France)

Background These datasets provide osteometrical measurements for dental and postcranial remains in cave lynx from the Middle Pleistocene site of L’Escale (South-East France).  The cave lynx sample from L’Escale is probably one of the richest and most important population for the European (Middle) Pleistocene. L’Escale Cave, located about 30 km north to Aix-en-Provence, has been excavated during the 1960’s under the direction of Eugène and Marie-Françoise Bonifay. This site, dated to the first half of the Middle Pleistocene, yielded remarkable faunal associations, including abundant thar – Hemitragus bonali – remains as well as numerous and highly diverse carnivores such as the wolverine Gulo schlosseri, the « european » jaguar Panthera gombaszoegensis, the cave lynx Lynx spelaeus as well as the fossil striped hyena Hyaena prisca (Bonifay, 1971 ; Bonifay, 1974-75). L’Escale presents a unique palaeobiological record mixing phases of carnivore occupations (bears, striped hyenas?, jaguars?, wolves?, foxes) and natural trapping events (thar) (Coumont, 2006).   Method All the specimens have been described and measured (in millimeters with callipers to 0.1mm) by the authors. They are stored and curated in the MNP – Musée National de Préhistoire, Les Eyzies, Dordogne, France. Data description File title: Each file is named according to the following pattern:     • First part: abreviation of considered species (i.e., Lps = Lynx pardinus spelaeus);      • Second part: anatomical part codification:          ◦ MAND: Mandible          ◦ U: Upper / L: Lower         ◦ C: Canine / P: Premolar / M: Molar          ◦ 1 to 5: tooth or metapodials (metacarpals/metatarsals/phalanges) rank          ◦ HUM: Humerus / RAD: Radius / ULN: Ulna         ◦ FEM: Femur / TIB: Tibia         ◦ SCAPHL: Scapholunar (Carpal)         ◦ CALCA: Calcaneus (Tarsal)         ◦ TAL: Talus (Tarsal)         ◦ MTC: Metacarpals / MTT: Metatarsals File content:     • chrono: Chronology (i.e., Middle or Late Pleistocene);      • MIS: Marine Isotopic Stage (if applicable);      • species: specific (or sub-specific) identification (i.e., Lynx spelaea);      • country: Site location (i.e., France);      • site: Site name;      • label: Specimen label such as archaeological number or museum inventory number;      • side: Specimen laterality, it could be left (sin) or right (dext);      • L_cond_infra (in mm): length from the condyle process to infradental (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • L_angul_infra: length from the angular process to infradental (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • L_coron_infra: length from coronion to infradental (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • L_diast: Diastema length (in mm),  applicable only for the mandible;     • L_rawtth: Raw teeth length (in mm);     • H_p3: Horizontal ramus height before p3 (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • H_m1: Horizontal ramus height behind m1 (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • B_c: Horizontal ramus breadth at lower canine (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • B_p3: Horizontal ramus breadth before p3 (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • B_m1: Horizontal ramus breadth behind m1 (in mm), applicable only for the mandible;     • B: Breadth (in mm);      • L: Breadth (in mm);      • GL: Greatest length (in mm);     • Dp: Depth of the proximal end (in mm), applicable only for long bones and metapodials;     • Bp: Greatest breadth of the proximal end (in mm), applicable only for long bones and metapodials;     • Ds: Depth of the diaphysis (in mm), applicable only for long bones and metapodials;     • SD: Smallest breadth of the diaphysis (in mm), applicable only for long bones and metapodials;     • Dd: Depth of the distal end (in mm), applicable only for long bones and metapodials;     • Bd: Greatest breadth of the distal end (in mm), applicable only for long bones and metapodials;     • B_troch: Breadth of the trochlea (in mm), applicable only for the humerus;     • DPA: Depth across the processus anconaeus (in mm), applicable only for the ulna;     • SDO: Smallet depth of the olceranon (in mm), applicable only for the ulna;     • BPC: Greatest breadth across the coronoid process (in mm), applicable only for the ulna;     • GB: Greatest breadth (in mm), applicable only for carpals/tarsals;      • H: Greatest height (in mm), applicable only for carpals/tarsals;      • GD: Greatest depth (in mm), applicable only for carpals/tarsals;      • location: Curation place.  References • Bonifay, M.-F., 1974-1975. "Hemitragus bonali" Harlé et Stehlin, "Caprinae" de la grotte de l’Escale (Saint-Estève-Janson, Bouhes-du-Rhône). Quaternaria XVIII, 215–301. • Bonifay, M.-F., 1971. Carnivores quaternaires du Sud-Est de la France. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sér. C – Sciences de la Terre 21, 1–334. • Coumont, M.-P., 2006. Taphonomie préhistorique : mammifères fossiles en contexte naturel, les avens-pièges, apport pour l’étude des archéofaunes. Thèse de Doctorat. Université Aix-Marseille 1, Aix-en-Provence.

FIG. 5 in A new species of South-East Asian Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), with comments on Vietnamese 'whiskered bats'

FIG. 5. Camera lucida tracings of the skull of M. annatessae sp. nov. (paratype ZMMU S-165043). Scale bar = 5 mm

FIG. 4 in A new species of South-East Asian Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), with comments on Vietnamese 'whiskered bats'

FIG. 4. Neighbour-joining tree of COI sequences of 25 species of Eurasian Myotis included in comparative molecular analysis (see Appendix for list of sequences used). Only bootstrap supports over 70% are shown

FIG. 2. Bivariate scatterplot for the 1 in A new species of South-East Asian Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), with comments on Vietnamese 'whiskered bats'

FIG. 2. Bivariate scatterplot for the 1st and 2nd Principal Components, calculated for 20 cranial and dental measurements of 100 specimens of small Asian mouse-eared bats. For factor loadings and eigenvalues, see Table 1

FIG. 3 in A new species of South-East Asian Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), with comments on Vietnamese 'whiskered bats'

FIG. 3. Camera lucida traces of penial bones (bacula) in five smaller species of the Asiatic Myotis: a, b — M. annatessae sp. nov., Vietnam, ZMMU S-164989 (dorsal, ventral, right lateral views), ZMMU S-165043 (dorsal, ventro-lateral, right lateral views); c — M. ater, Vietnam, ZMMU S-172604 (dorsal, right lateral views); d — M. siligorensis, Vietnam, ZMMU S-167188 (ventral, left lateral views); e, f, g — M. muricola, Vietnam, ZMMU S-172616 (dorsal, right lateral views), ZMMU S-173413 (dorsal, ventrolateral, left lateral views), ZMMU S-172626 (dorsal, right lateral views); h — M. muricola, Nepal, ZMMU S-164491 (dorsal, right ventro-lateral views)

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

dryad32/100

Data from: Mannose-binding lectin gene polymorphisms in the East Siberia and Russian Arctic populations

Background: Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) encoded by MBL2 gene is a protein with the ability to form carbohydrate complexes with microbial wall promoting their subsequent elimination. Genetically determined levels of MBL can modify the risk and clinical characteristics of many infectious diseases. The frequency of MBL2 genotypes exhibits significant population differences. The data on the distribution of MBL2 genotypes among the aborigines of the Russian Arctic territories have not yet been published. Methods: A total of 880 <a name="_Hlk41162363">specimens of </a><a name="_Hlk41162353">dried blood spots </a>of the newborns were genotyped. The newborns represented four populations: <a name="_Hlk28526418">Nenets, Dolgan-Nganasans</a>, Mixed <a name="_Hlk28526407">aboriginal population</a>, and Russians (<a name="_Hlk28526350">Caucasians</a>, Krasnoyarsk). Six polymorphisms of the MBL2 gene were studied: rs11003125, rs7096206, rs7095891, rs5030737, rs1800450, and rs1800451. Results: The frequency of the combined rare O allele (composed of the coding region variants rs5030737, rs1800450, and rs1800451) in the homozygous state was significantly higher in Russians: 10% vs 2% in Nenets and 1% in Dolgan-Nganosans (p<0.001 for Russians vs other populations). The frequency of the high-producing haplotype (HYPA) was 35.4% in the Russian newborns, in keeping with European populations (27-33%); 64% for Nenets and 56% for Dolgan-Nganasans, similar to the estimates obtained for Eskimos and North Amerinds (64-81%). Conclusion: Our study results are in line with the hypothesis that human evolution has been moving in the direction of accumulation of the genotypes associated with low activity of the lectin complement activation pathway because of the prevalence of some intracellular infections such as tuberculosis, whereby low MBL activity may have a protective effect.

dryad32/100

Data from: Predominant east to west colonisations across major oceanic barriers: insights into the phylogeographic history of the hydroid superfamily Plumularioidea, suggested by a mitochondrial DNA barcoding marker

We provide preliminary insights into the global phylogeographic and evolutionary patterns across species of the hydrozoan superfamily Plumularioidea (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). We analysed 1114 16S sequences of 198 putative species of Plumularioidea collected worldwide. We investigated genetic connections and divergence in relation to present-day and ancient biogeographic barriers, climate changes and oceanic circulation. Geographical distributions of most species are generally more constrained than previously assumed. Some species able to raft are dispersed widely. Human-mediated dispersal explains some wide geographical ranges. Trans-Atlantic genetic connections are presently unlikely for most of the tropical-temperate species, but were probably more frequent until the Miocene-Pliocene transition, before restriction of the Tethys Sea and the Central American Seaway. Trans-Atlantic colonisations were predominantly directed westwards through (sub)tropical waters. The Azores were colonized multiple times and through different routes, mainly from the east Atlantic, at least since the Pliocene. Extant geminate clades separated by the Isthmus of Panama have predominantly Atlantic origin. Various ancient colonisations mainly directed from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic, occurred through the Tethys Sea and around South Africa in periods of lower intensity of the Benguela upwelling. Thermal tolerance, population sizes, dispersal strategies, oceanic currents, substrate preference and land barriers are important factors for dispersal and speciation of marine hydroids.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

FIGURE 17 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 17. Habitat of Macrogomphus phalantus jayavarman subsp; nov., margin of open temporarily flooded forest 1.5 km SSW of Kampong Pluk village, 70 m S from northern bank of Lake Tonlé Sap, at the beginning of water level rise on 15 vi 2018.

FIGURE 14 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 14. Males of Macrogomphus phalantus jayavarman subsp; nov. in nature (the same data as in Fig. 9). On the left upper photo a dead colony of bivalve mollusks is seen on the branch, which appeared when the forest was inundated.

FIGURE 12 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 12. Holotype, male (a), and paratype, female (b) of Macrogomphus phalantus jayavarman subsp; nov. Cambodia, Siem Reap Province, 1.5 km SSW of Kampong Pluk village, 70 m S from northern bank of Lake Tonlé Sap, low, open temporarily flooded forest, 13.1956° N, 103.9725° E, 3 m a.s.l., 15 vi 2018, O. Kosterin leg.

FIGURE 10 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 10. Male individuals (of Macrogomphus albardae in the sense of this paper) of the dashed (a–b) and intermediate (c) morphs from the northern Vietnam, identified as M. guilinensis by Kompier (2019): a— Bắc Can Province, Ba Bể National Park, 24 vii 2014; b— the same place, 9 vii 2017; c—Quang Binh Province, Phong Nha—Kẻ Bàng National Park, 6 v 2016. Not to scale. Courtesy of Tom Kompier.

FIGURE 8 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 8. Holotype of Macrogomphus borikhanensis Fraser, 1933 and its labels (BMNH): a—dorsal view; b—lateral view. Not to scale. Courtesy of Benjamin Price.

FIGURE 5. A in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 5. A small male of Macrogomphus albardae of the ringed morph, collected by the author on 21 viii 2018 in Cambodia, Preah Vihear Province, Srae Veal village env.: a—habitus in live colours, dorsal view; b—ditto, lateral view (not to scale); canal appendages, dorsal view; d—ditto, lateral view; e—secondary genitalia, lateral view; f—posterior hamulus, anteriolateral view. Scale bars: upper 2 mm; lower 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 9 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 9. Details of the holotype of Macrogomphus borikhanensis Fraser, 1933 (BMNH): a—anal appendages, dorsal view; b—ditto, lateral view; c—secondary genitalia, lateral view; d—anal appendages as depicted by Fraser (1933: fig. 8a, c) (the same as Fig. 2c). Not to scale. Courtesy of Benjamin Price.

FIGURE 11 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 11. Anal appendages of males of Macrogomphus albardae reported as M. matsukii Asahina, 1986, by Yokoi (2002; Yokoi & Sopuhanthong 2014) from Laos, Vientiane Prefecture, 10 km NW of Tabok, 3 v 2001, N. Yokoi leg., courtesy of Naoto Yokoi (a–b), by Kosterin et al. (2011) from Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Nong Bun Nak village, viii 2009, Alexey Korshunov leg. (c); and by Kompier (2018) from Vietnam, Lâm Đồng Province, Cát Tiên National Park, Ben Cuu Rapids, 3 v 2018, J. Holden leg. (d). Not to scale.

FIGURE 3 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 3. Anal appendages (a–h) and secondary genitalia (j–k) of Macrogomphus albardae as illustrated in literature: aafter Lieftinck (1935: fig. 9) (as M. parallelogramma albardae); b—after Orr (2005: p. 64) (as M. parallelogramma albardae); c—after Fraser (1933: fig. 8a, c) (as M. borikhanensis); d—after Asahina (1986: fig. 8–9) (as? M. phalantus): e, j—after Asahina (1986: fig. 4–6) (as M. borikhanensis); f, i—after Chao (1982: fig. 1, 3, 6) (as M. guilinensis); g—after Wilson (2005: fig. 17 d, e) (as M. guilinensis); h—after Karube (2014: fig. 13) (as M. guilinensis). Not to scale; j mirrored. Asterisk indicates the proximal inner swelling of the cercus.

FIGURE 15 in New synonyms and a new subspecies of Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from continental south-east Asia

FIGURE 15. Details of male specimens of Macrogomphus phalantus: a–f—M. p. jayavarman subsp; nov., the holotype; gh—M. p. phalantus (After Lieftinck 1935: figs.11–12); a—head, frontal view; b–c,g—secondary genitalia, lateral view; d—anal appendages, dorsal view; e—ditto, lateral view; f—ditto, ventral view; h—dorsal and lateral view. Scale bar 1 mm. Asterisk indicates the proximal inner swellings of the cerci.