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FIGURE 2 in On the origin and systematic position of the Azorean goldenrod, Solidago azorica (Asteraceae)

FIGURE 2. Solidago azorica Hochst., copper engraving from Flora Azorica (Seubert 1844) based on the holotype Hochstetter 107 (TUB).

FIGURE 3. Solidago azorica Hochst., A in On the origin and systematic position of the Azorean goldenrod, Solidago azorica (Asteraceae)

FIGURE 3. Solidago azorica Hochst., A—large coastal population on São Jorge island, Fajã Rasa; B—flowering inflorescence, Corvo island, June 2011; C—details of capitulae, Corvo island, with pollinating syrphid fly, June 2011 (photographers A: L. Silveira, B/C: H. Schaefer).

FIGURE 1. Solidago sempervirens L in On the origin and systematic position of the Azorean goldenrod, Solidago azorica (Asteraceae)

FIGURE 1. Solidago sempervirens L. subsp. sempervirens, flowering stem at Duxbury beach, Massachusetts, USA, October 2011 (photographer H. Schaefer).

FIGURE 5 in On the origin and systematic position of the Azorean goldenrod, Solidago azorica (Asteraceae)

FIGURE 5. Best maximum likelihood phylogeny based on the combined nuclear and plastid data (2198 basepairs). Likelihood bootstrap values>60 shown at the nodes. Solidago azorica highlighted in red, S. sempervirens in green; GB-sequence downloaded from GenBank.

FIGURE 4. Best maximum likelihood phylogenies, A in On the origin and systematic position of the Azorean goldenrod, Solidago azorica (Asteraceae)

FIGURE 4. Best maximum likelihood phylogenies, A—based on the combined nuclear ribosomal ETS and ITS regions (1134 basepairs); B—based on the plastid trnQ-rps16 and trnH-psbA regions (1410 basepairs). Likelihood bootstrap values>60 shown at the nodes. Solidago azorica highlighted in red, S. sempervirens in green; GB-sequence downloaded from GenBank.

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FIGURE 3. 50 in The phylogenetic position of Coniarthonia and the transfer of Cryptothecia miniata to Myriostigma (Arthoniaceae, lichenized ascomycetes)

FIGURE 3. 50% majority-rule consensus tree inferred from mtSSU sequence data produced by a Bayesian analysis and showing the phylogenetic relationships among 45 specimens of Arthoniales. PP values are shown at internal branches.

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FIGURE 1 in The phylogenetic position of Coniarthonia and the transfer of Cryptothecia miniata to Myriostigma (Arthoniaceae, lichenized ascomycetes)

FIGURE 1. Coniarthonia megaspora, isotype (ABL). A. habitus. B. ascospores. C. asci. D. section through apothecium. Scale: A = 0.5 cm, B = 10 μm, C = 20 μm, D = 50 μm.

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FIGURE 2 in The phylogenetic position of Coniarthonia and the transfer of Cryptothecia miniata to Myriostigma (Arthoniaceae, lichenized ascomycetes)

FIGURE 2. Myriostigma miniatum, isoepitype (ABL). A. habitus. B. detail showing ascomata. C. ascospore in median optical section showing large lumina in the center and small lumina in the periphery. D. the same ascospore in optical surface view showing only small lumina. Scale: A = 0.5 cm, B = 0.5 mm, C–D = 10 μm.

FIGURE 4 in Impatiens occultans (Balsaminaceae), a newly recorded species from Xizang, China, and its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 4. Bayesian consensus phylogram based on the branch length of the combined data. Numbers above and below branches are Bayesian posterior probabilities (> 0.5) and bootstrap percentages (> 50%), respectively. "-" indicates nodes not supported.

FIGURE 3. Pollen micromorphology under SEM. A–C in Impatiens occultans (Balsaminaceae), a newly recorded species from Xizang, China, and its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 3. Pollen micromorphology under SEM. A–C: Impatiens occultans. A. polar view; B. equatorial view; C. partial view. D–F: I. tuberculata. D. polar view; E. equatorial view; F. partial view. (Voucher specimen of I. occultans, Lai Wei & Jia-Chen Hao 15397, deposited in PE; I. tuberculata, S. X. Yu 4036, deposited in PE).

FIGURE 2. Impatiens occultans A in Impatiens occultans (Balsaminaceae), a newly recorded species from Xizang, China, and its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 2. Impatiens occultans A. flower (front view); B. flower (lateral view); C. habitat; D. habit (photographed by Lai Wei, Jiachen Hao and Yufen Du).

FIGURE 1. Impatiens occultans A in Impatiens occultans (Balsaminaceae), a newly recorded species from Xizang, China, and its phylogenetic position

FIGURE 1. Impatiens occultans A. habit; B. flower (lateral view); C. flower (front view); D. upper lateral sepal; E. lower lateral sepal; F. lower sepal; G. lateral united petals; G1. upper petal; G2. lower petal; H. dorsal petal. (All from Lai wei & Jia-Chen Hao 15397 (PE) and drawn by Yun-Xi Zhu).

FIGURE 2 in Phylogenetic position and independent generic status of Indocypraea (Asteraceae-Heliantheae-Ecliptinae): evidence from chloroplast DNA sequences

FIGURE 2. Phylogeny of the subtribe Ecliptinae (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) based on chloroplast DNA sequences by using maximum likelihood analysis. Bootstrap values (≥ 70%; maximum likelihood/maximum parsimony) are indicated above branches, and posterior probabilities (≥ 0.95) below branches.

FIGURE 1. Indocypraea montana. A. Habit. B in Phylogenetic position and independent generic status of Indocypraea (Asteraceae-Heliantheae-Ecliptinae): evidence from chloroplast DNA sequences

FIGURE 1. Indocypraea montana. A. Habit. B. Flowering capitulum (top view). C. Flowering capitulum (lateral view). D. Fruiting capitulum. E. Achene (lateral view). F. Achene (top view). A–C from Huaiji, Guangdong, China (L.Y. Wang & M. Tang 106, IBSC); D from Lingui, Guangxi, China (M. Tang & L.Y. Wang 380, IBSC); E, F from Changjiang, Hainan, China (Z.X. Li 3850, IBSC).

FIGURE 3. A–L. Kyrtuthrix huatulcensis A–J culture material. K, L field material. A–C, H in Phylogenetic position reevaluation of Kyrtuthrix and description of a new species K. huatulcensis from Mexico´s Pacific coast

FIGURE 3. A–L. Kyrtuthrix huatulcensis A–J culture material. K, L field material. A–C, H. Lateral view of growth form in culture showing both individual and paired sheaths as well as tortuous filaments with loops, surrounded by common mucilaginous matrix. D, E. Two to few celled isopolar hormogonia in culture. F, G, I. Short heteropolar hormogonia. K. Young filament already bent. L. Isopolar hormogonia from field material. Scale bar A=20 μm, B–H 10 μm.

FIGURE 2. A–H in Phylogenetic position reevaluation of Kyrtuthrix and description of a new species K. huatulcensis from Mexico´s Pacific coast

FIGURE 2. A–H. Drawings of Kyrtuthrix huatulcensis field material. A. Different stages of young already bent filaments in lateral view. B. Young bent attenuated filament. C–G. Varied examples of the diversity of heterocyte and cell shape, size and disposition. D, F, G. Filaments with loop at the base, tapering upwards. C, E. Filaments tapering towards the upper surface of the thallus. H. Cross section of thallus showing paired cells of bent trichomes surrounded by individual and paired sheaths. A. Scale bar A=20 μm, B–H 10 μm.

FIGURE 5. Secondary structures for the D1–D1 in Phylogenetic position reevaluation of Kyrtuthrix and description of a new species K. huatulcensis from Mexico´s Pacific coast

FIGURE 5. Secondary structures for the D1–D1', Box-B, V2 and V3 helices in the conserved regions of the 16S–23S ITS region: A, F, K, P: Kyrtuthrix huatulcensis; B, G, L, Q: Marine Rivulariaceae I (with variability in two operons shown); C, H, M, R: Marine Rivulariaceae II; D, I, N, S: Marine Rivulariaceae III; E, J, O, T: Microchaete grisea CCAP1445.

FIGURE 1. A–H. Kyrtuthrix huatulcensis field material. A in Phylogenetic position reevaluation of Kyrtuthrix and description of a new species K. huatulcensis from Mexico´s Pacific coast

FIGURE 1. A–H. Kyrtuthrix huatulcensis field material. A. Lateral section of thallus showing parallel arrangement of filaments. B, D–F Loops formed at the base of the thallus. C, E. Filaments tapering towards the upper surface of the thallus. G. Young filaments with loops at the base and tapering apices. H. Cross section of thallus parallel to the surface plane showing paired cells of bent trichomes surrounded by individual and paired sheaths. Scale bar A=20 μm, B–H 10 μm.

FIGURE 4 in Phylogenetic position reevaluation of Kyrtuthrix and description of a new species K. huatulcensis from Mexico´s Pacific coast

FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences of 181 OTUs showing position of Kyrtuthrix huatulcensis. The tree is based on Maximun parsimony (MP) and the support values are MP/ML/ BI posterior probabilities. The cut-off values for bootstrap and probability are 50 and 0.5, respectively, * 100/1; - lower 50 or 0.5. Clades represent different taxonomic groups at family level. Clade Rivulariaceae divided by their environment; A: Soil, Freshwater and marine (brackish), B and C: Marine. Arrows mark both Scytonemataceae, the most recently designated family of Kyrtuthrix (Komárek et al. 2014) and its present position within the Rivulariaceae clade according to our analysis.