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opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

CESM experiments for diverse impacts of ENSO on summertime synoptic-scale disturbance intensity over the tropical western North Pacific

Experiments are conducted using Community Atmospheric Model version 5.2 (CAM-5.2; <a href="https://www.cesm.ucar.edu/models/cesm1.1/cam/">https://www.cesm.ucar.edu/models/cesm1.1/cam/</a>) which is the atmosphere component of Community Earth System Model (CESM) of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). The model resolution is f19_g16, with f19 finite volume grid (1.9° latitude × 2.5° longitude) for the atmosphere and land components combined with the gx1v6 displaced pole grid (approximately 1°) for the ocean and ice components.        Five sets of model experiments are designed in this study: <ol> <li>Climatological SST forcing simulation (CLM-SST run): The CAM is forced by global climatological mean monthly SST that is obtained from OI version 2 SST data for the period from January 1982 to December 2020 and integrated for 30 years.</li> <li>Full SST forcing simulation (Full-SST run): The CAM is forced by global monthly OI version 2 SST and integrated from January 1982 to December 2020.</li> <li>Tropical central-eastern Pacific SST forcing simulation (CEP-SST run): The CAM is forced by total monthly SST in the domain of 15°S–15°N and 160°E–80°W and climatological mean monthly SST in the other regions and integrated from January 1982 to December 2020.</li> <li>Sensitivity experiments of tropical central-eastern Pacific SST anomalies: The CAM is forced by global climatological mean monthly SST from January to December plus composite JJA mean SST anomalies in El Niño and La Niña events in the tropical central-eastern Pacific (15°S–15°N, 160°E–80°W) and the above SST anomalies multiplied by -1 from May to December and integrated for 30 years. These four sensitivity experiments are referred to as CEP-EN, CEP-LN, CEP-ENrev, and CEP-LNrev, respectively.</li> <li>Double tropical central-eastern Pacific SST anomalies: The CAM is forced by global climatological mean monthly SST from January to December plus composite JJA mean SST anomalies during El Niño and La Niña events over the tropical central-eastern Pacific (15°S–15°N, 160°E–80°W) multiplied by 2 from May to December and integrated for 30 years. The simulations with composite SST anomalies derived from El Niño (La Niña) are referred to as CEP-2EN (CEP-2LN) runs.</li> </ol>

Location-Aware Container Scaling (LACS) in Geo-distributed Clouds

Datasets and code for the problem of location-aware container scaling (LACS) in geo-distributed clouds: Randomly extracted one day’s workload from WikiBench and NASA HTTP: AppWorkload.py Facebook subscribers by January 2020 to simulate the distribution of application requests among different user regions: FacebookUserData.csv Sprint IP Network location as 82 user regions from 35 countries on 6 continents: SprintLocation.csv Observation on the network latency matrix among 82 user centres: LatencyMatrix.py Representative code using openAI's gym environment: deepscale.py

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Data from: Remotely sensed environmental measurements detect decoupled processes driving population dynamics at contrasting scales

The increasing availability of satellite imagery has supported a rapid expansion in forward-looking studies seeking to track and predict how climate change will influence wild population dynamics. However, these data can also be used in retrospect to provide additional context for historical data in the absence of contemporaneous environmental measurements. We used 167 Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) images spanning 13 years to identify environmental drivers of fitness and population size in a well-characterized population of banner-tailed kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spectabilis) in the southwestern United States. We found evidence of two decoupled processes that may be driving population dynamics in opposing directions over distinct time frames. Specifically, increasing mean surface temperature corresponded to increased individual fitness, where fitness is defined as the number of offspring produced by a single individual. This result contrasts with our findings for population size, where increasing surface temperature led to decreased numbers of active mounds. These relationships between surface temperature and (i) individual fitness and (ii) population size would not have been identified in the absence of remotely sensed data, indicating that such information can be used to test existing hypotheses and generate new ecological predictions regarding fitness at multiple spatial scales and degrees of sampling effort. To our knowledge, this study is the first to directly link remotely sensed environmental data to individual fitness in a nearly exhaustively sampled population, opening a new avenue for incorporating remote sensing data into eco-evolutionary studies.

Preferential information extraction from space-based passive microwave measurements enables accurate characterization of snow depth variability at continental scales

This is a repository contains  1)training data (x_data, y_data, snow_max)  2) Developed Deep Learning model (snow_model.py) 3) Training weights (*.hdf files) for publication " Preferential information extraction from space-based passive microwave measurements enables accurate characterization of snow depth variability at continental scales"

Stability of neutrino oscillation parameters at low energy scale with the variations of SUSY breaking scale under Renormalisation Group Equations

<pre>We discuss the stability of the neutrino oscillation parameters at low energy scale including self-complementarity (SC) relations among mixing angles under radiative corrections with the variation of SUSY breaking scale ($m_s$) in both normal and inverted hierarchical cases. We observe that the neutrino oscillation parameters including the SC relation maintains stability at the electroweak scale within $1\sigma$ range of the latest global fit data. NH case maintains more stability than IH case. All the numerical values related to the absolute neutrino masses viz., $\Sigma |m_i|$, $m_{\beta}$ and $m_{ \beta \beta}$ are found to lie below the observational upper bound.</pre>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Continent-scale inventory routing instances

This dataset of inventory routing instances is a fruit of our partnership between Renault Group and the CERMICS laboratory at Ecole des Ponts. Those instances are continent-scale with hundreds of customers, 21 days horizon, and 15 depots on average. Routes can last several days (continuous-time), and 30 types of commodities are involved, leading to bin packing problems when filling trucks. In our paper "Solving a Continent-Scale Inventory Routing Problem at Renault" we introduce a new large neighborhood search to solve those instances. We hope that sharing them publicly will motivate research on real-world and large-scale inventory routing. Environmental and economical impacts at stake are substantial.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Continent-scale inventory routing solutions

This dataset of inventory routing solutions is a fruit of our partnership between Renault Group and the CERMICS laboratory at Ecole des Ponts. The related instances (also publicly available) are continent-scale with hundreds of customers, 21 days horizon, and 15 depots on average. Routes can last several days (continuous-time), and 30 types of commodities are involved, leading to bin packing problems when filling trucks. In our paper "Solving a Continent-Scale Inventory Routing Problem at Renault" we introduce a new large neighborhood search to solve those instances. This dataset contains the solutions provided both by our algorithm and by a benchmark we implement, as shown in the computational experiments section of our paper. We hope that sharing them publicly will motivate research on real-world and large-scale inventory routing. Environmental and economical impacts at stake are substantial.

Stability of neutrino oscillation parameters at low energy scale with the variations of SUSY breaking scale under Renormalisation Group Equations

Stability of neutrino oscillation parameters at low energy scale with the variations of SUSY breaking scale under Renormalisation Group Equations

openother-openJun 2023View details →

Ensemble of optimised machine learning algorithms for predicting surface soil moisture content at global scale (v1.0)

This study investigates the estimation of daily SSM using eight optimised ML algorithms and ten ensemble models (constructed via model bootstrap aggregating techniques and five-fold cross-validation). The algorithmic implementations were trained and tested using the international soil moisture network (ISMN) data collected from 1722 stations distributed across the World.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Data from: Philopatry influences the genetic population structure of the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) at multiple spatial scales

Understanding how interactions among microevolutionary forces generate genetic population structure of exploited species is vital to the implementation of management policies that facilitate population persistence. Philopatry displayed by many coastal shark species can impact gene flow and facilitate selection, and thus has direct implications for the spatial scales of management plans. Here, genetic structure of the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) was examined using a mixed-marker approach based on mitochondrial control region sequences and 4,339 SNP-containing loci generated using ddRAD-Seq. Genetic variation was assessed among young-of-the-year sampled in 11 sites in waters of the United States in the western North Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico. Spatial and environmental analyses detected 68 nuclear loci putatively under selection, enabling separate assessments of neutral and adaptive genetic structure. Both mitochondrial and neutral SNP data indicated three genetically distinct units – the Atlantic, eastern Gulf, and western Gulf – that align with regional stocks and suggest regional philopatry by males and females. Heterogeneity at loci putatively under selection, associated with temperature and salinity, was observed among sites within Gulf units, suggesting local adaptation. Furthermore, five pairs of siblings were identified in the same site across timescales corresponding with female reproductive cycles. This indicates that females re-used a site for parturition, which has the potential to facilitate the sorting of adaptive variation among neighboring sites. The results demonstrate differential impacts of microevolutionary forces at varying spatial scales and highlight the importance of conserving essential habitats to maintain sources of adaptive variation that may buffer species against environmental change.

Temperature measurements of full-scale wall element using Type K thermocouples to observe internal convection in loose-fill wood fiber insulation

Internal convection of insulation materials is a phenomenon that occurs when a construction element is subjected to a temperature difference on either side of the element, as the temperature difference inside the insulation will facilitate an onset of air movement due to thermal buoyancy. This dataset represents the results of 11 unique experiments conducted at Aalborg University at the Department of the Built Environment, where a full-scale wall element insulated with loose-fill wood fiber insulation is investigated for internal convection. A large guarded hotbox is used to control the boundary conditions of either side of the wall element, to imitate a construction element subjected to external and internal boundary conditions, similar to a wall in a house. This dataset can be used to benchmark other insulation materials investigated at similar boundary conditions. The dataset is structured into steady-state experiments and dynamic experiments, where a total of 7 unique cases are conducted in steady-state conditions, and 4 unique cases are conducted in dynamic conditions. The dataset for the steady-state experiments is structured by the temperature difference that the full-scale wall element is exposed to, from the cold and hot side, while the dynamic experiments are structured by the amplitude of the temperature variation, along with if an artificial sun is used or not. The results for the internal convection of the loose-fill wood fiber insulation show similar results as other studies that have conducted experiments on other insulation materials. For more information, see doi: 10.54337/aau488363266

Tidal Effects on Dynamics and Freshwater Transport of a Medium-scale River Plume with Multiple Outlets

Data for submitted paper "Tidal Effects on Dynamics and Freshwater Transport of a Medium-scale River Plume with Multiple Outlets"

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Influence of small-scale spatial variability of soil properties on yield formation of winter wheat

This is a data set of soil properties and plant properties of winter wheat. The data derived from a long-term field trial for the year 2016 at the Asendorf field station 70 km north of Hanover, Germany (49 m above sea level, 52°45′48.4′′N 9°01′24.3′′E) and a field site in Triesdorf, located in Northern Bavaria (450 m a.s.l., 49°12'36.5"N 10°38'33.9"E). Data includes soil (OC, bulk density, texture, pH-value) and plant data (grain yield, thousand grain weight, tillers per m², spikes per m²).  All methods and data will be described in an upcoming journal article in the Journal Plant and Soil (DOI:10.1007/s111104-023-06212-2).

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Large Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances during geomagnetic storms of 17 March and 23 June 2015 in the Australian region

This repository contains compilation of data in .mat (Matlab) format used in this work. Raw foF2 data e.g., in Data15-20Mar2015.mat has the format [Month, Day, Hour, Minute, foF2]. These are provided for each site of the network under the URSI station code.  Residuals data e.g., in Residuals_15_20Mar2015.mat contains fof2 perturbations after removing daily trends and outliers and have been upscaled to 1 minute intervals. Note: y11 - Brisbane,  y22 - Canberra, y33 - Camden, y44 - Hobart, y55 - Norfolk, y66 - Townsville, y77 - Darwin, and time is in seconds. Dst and AE data (AE_DST_struct_files.mat) is contained in a structure array with Dst in field 1 and AE in field 2.  IMF Bz data (IMF_Bz_LSTID_Paper.mat) has the format [Year DOY Hour Value].

Community Detection to Split Large-scale Assemblies in Subassemblies

The motivation for the preprocessing of large-scale CAD models for assembly-by-disassembly approaches. The assembly-by-disassembly is only suitable for assemblies with a small number of parts (n_{parts} < 22). However, when dealing with large-scale products with high complexity, the CAD models may not contain feasible subassemblies (e.g. with connected and interference-free parts) and have too many parts to be processed with assembly-by-disassembly. Product designers' preferences during the design phase might not be ideal for assembly-by-disassembly processing because they do not consider subassembly feasibility and the number of parts per subassembly concisely. An automated preprocessing approach is proposed to address this issue by splitting the model into manageable partitions using community detection. This will allow for parallelised, efficient and accurate assembly-by-disassembly of large-scale CAD models. However, applying community detection methods for automatically splitting CAD models into smaller subassemblies is a new concept and research on the suitability for ASP needs to be conducted. Therefore, the following underlying research question will be answered in this experiments: Underlying research question 2: Can automated preprocessing increase the suitability of CAD-based assembly-by-disassembly for large-scale products? A hypothesis is formulated to answer this research question, which will be utilised to design experiments for hypothesis testing. Hypothesis 2: Community detection algorithms can be applied to automatically split large-scale assemblies in suitable candidates for CAD-based AND/OR graph generation.}

Simulations for impacts of large-scale Saharan solar farms on the global terrestrial carbon cycle

Four experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of a large scale Saharan solar farm on the global carbon cycle. Here a fully coupled Earth System model (ESM) EC-Earth was used to investigate the impact of a Saharan solar farm on the terrestrial carbon cycle, simulated with prescribed reduced surface albedo approximating the albedo effect of Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels over the Sahara desert. These experiments considered solar panel coverage at 5, 20 or 50% of a region of the Sahara Desert.  The dataset contains selected output data from the simulations. Simulations were run for 200 years. The last 60 years were used for analysis after the model reached an equilibrium.  The dataset contains Earth system model results from EC-Earth3 presented in the study by Power et al. (2023).

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Behavioural thermoregulation and food availability drives fine-scale seasonal habitat partitioning in limpets

<ol> <li>Small-scale spatial variation in temperature plays a key role in limiting the distribution of organisms in thermally heterogeneous environments. In the rocky intertidal zone, intra-day temperature variation at small scales (cm-m) can easily exceed 30°C.</li> <li>To experimentally test the impact of this small-scale temperature heterogeneity on the distribution of an ecologically important limpet species (Cellana denticulata), boulders on an intertidal rocky reef in New Zealand were rotated, and small-scale temperature variability and food availability were measured throughout one year. Small-scale variability in thermal tolerance, heart rate, and heat shock protein expression was also measured to relate in situ limpet distributions with environmental conditions. Temperature variability was measured using limpet bio-mimics and HOBO pendant temperature loggers, while food availability (chlorophyll a concentration) was measured on in situ concrete fiberboard tiles.</li> <li>To measure limpet distributions, every tagged limpet on each of 18 boulders was followed from June 2021–2022. During each sampling, the location of each limpet, compass direction, and slope of the surface that each limpet inhabited were measured. To test for physiological differences among limpets from each microhabitat, thermal tolerance, and heat shock protein expression were measured in collected limpets; in situ heart rates and body temperatures were also measured sporadically on hot days.</li> <li>Maximum predicted body temperatures (36–39°C), heart rates, and actual body temperatures were greatest on equatorial surfaces (i.e., surfaces facing the equator) whereas food availability was greatest on poleward-facing surfaces. During summer, limpets moved towards surfaces that minimised their body temperatures and maximised food availability, namely vertical and poleward facing surfaces and undersides of boulders.</li> <li>Thermal tolerance, measured using Arrhenius breakpoint temperatures (mean ± SE: 34.7–35.8 ± 0.4–0.7°C) and flat line temperatures (36.2–37.4 ± 0.3–0.4°C), were similar among limpets facing different directions. Surprisingly, heat shock protein expression was relatively consistent throughout the year and among directions.</li> <li>Overall, limpet populations are resilient to thermal stress because they effectively use behavioural thermoregulation to exploit cooler microhabitats that also have greater food availability during summer.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Chromosome-scale assembly of the wild wheat relative Aegilops umbellulata

Wild wheat relatives have been explored in plant breeding to increase the genetic diversity of bread wheat, one of the most important food crops. Aegilops umbellulata is a diploid U genome-containing grass species that serves as a genetic reservoir for wheat improvement. In this study, we report the construction of a chromosome-scale reference assembly of Ae. umbellulata accession TA1851 based on corrected PacBio HiFi reads and chromosome conformation capture. The total assembly size was 4.25 Gb with a contig N50 of 17.7 Mb. In total, 36,268 gene models were predicted. We benchmarked the performance of hifiasm and LJA, two of the most widely used assemblers using standard and corrected HiFi reads, revealing a positive effect of corrected input reads. Comparative genome analysis confirmed substantial chromosome rearrangements in Ae. umbellulata compared to bread wheat. In summary, the Ae. umbellulata assembly provides a resource for comparative genomics in Triticeae and for the discovery of agriculturally important genes.