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FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in three species of Pterostichus Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Far East
FIGURE 4. Distribution of Pterostichus eximius (A) and P. marginatus (B), compiled from Ananina (2012), Averenskiy & Nogovitsina (2010), Berlov & Berlov (1997a, 1997b, 1997c, 1997d, 1997e), Budarin (1985), Budilov (2016), Jedlička (1962), Khobrakova et al. (2014, 2017, 2018), Kirschenhofer (1985), Koshkin et al. (2016), Lafer et al. (1997), Lafer (2006), Makarova et al. (2014), Morawitz (1862), Morita (1995), Rogatnykh (2009), Shilenkov & Averenskiy (1989), Yasuda et al. (1991), Yoshimatsu et al. (2018), and this study. Records with unambiguous subspecies status (i.e., collection sites of type materials, and records based on specimens in which the male endophallus was examined) are marked in color: red circle, P. e. eximius; green circle, P. e. sachalinensis; blue circle, P. e. rishiridakensis; red star, P. m. marginatus; blue star, P. m. subrugosus. Populations with ambiguous subspecies status are marked in black: circle, P. eximius ssp.; star, P. marginatus ssp.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in three species of Pterostichus Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Far East
FIGURE 2. Habitus (A, B), male genitalia (C–F), and female genitalia (G, H) of Pterostichus eximius rishiridakensis ssp. nov. A, dorsal view of holotype male; B, dorsal view of paratype female; C, right lateral view of aedeagus with everted endophallus (holotype male); D, dorsal view of aedeagal apex (paratype male); E, left lateral view of aedeagus with everted endophallus (holotype male); F, left lateral view of right paramere (holotype male); G, dorsal view of right stylomere 2 (paratype female); H, ventral view of right stylomere 2 (paratype female). gp, gonopore; ll, left lateral lobe; lv-1, basal sub-lobe of left ventral lobe; lv-2, apical sub-lobe of left ventral lobe; rv-1, basal sub-lobe of right ventral lobe; rv-2, apical sub-lobe of right ventral lobe.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in three species of Pterostichus Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Far East
FIGURE 1. Differences in male genital structures (top, left posterolateral view; bottom, right ventrolateral view) among subspecies of Pterostichus eximius. Red, green, and blue arrows denote sublobe rv-2 on the endophallus, a swelling adjoining lobe ll on the endophallus, and the dorsal contour at the aedeagal subapex, respectively. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from these characters are shown.
FIGURE 6 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 6. General appearance of Phrurolithus lindemanni sp. nov. female. A–C Habitus, ventral, lateral and dorsal; D Leg I, prolateral; E Prosoma, antero-dorsal; F Chelicera, posterior; G Prosoma and epigastral part of opisthosoma, ventral. Scales = 0.2 mm unless otherwise indicated.
FIGURE 7 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 7. Epigyne of Phrurolithus lindemanni sp. nov. A Intact, with mating plug; B–C Dissected, dorsal and ventral; D–F Dorsal, macerated and coloured. Scales = 0.2 mm if indicated.
FIGURE 3 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 3. Cybaeota wesolowskae sp. nov. A–D Male palp, ventral, retrolateral, dorsal and prolateral; E Male prosoma, antero-ventral; F–G Epigyne, dorsal and ventral. Scales = 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 2 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 2. SEM micrographs of somatic characters of Cybaeota wesolowskae sp. nov., female. A–C Chelicera, ventral, posterior and anterior; D, F Tibia I, prolateral; E Leg I, prolateral; G Metatarsus I, prolateral; H Femur I, prolateral. Scales = 0.1 mm unless otherwise indicated. Abbreviations: Mr—mesal ridge; Ls—locking mechanism structures; Ss—sparse scale-like structures.
FIGURE 5 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 5. SEM micrographs of the male palp of Cybaeota wesolowskae sp. nov. A Ventral; B Retrolateral; C Ventro-retrolateral; D Ventro-prolateral; E Antero-ventral. Scales = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: Aa—anterior arm of conductor; Cs—stem of conductor; Pa—posterior arm of conductor; Ra—anterior retrolateral apophysis; Rp—posterior retrolateral tibial apophysis; St—subtegulum.
FIGURE 4 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 4. Male palp of Cybaeota wesolowskae sp. nov. A Ventral; B Retrolateral. Scales = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Aa—anterior arm of conductor; Cs—stem of conductor; Pa—posterior arm of conductor.
FIGURE 1 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 1. Cybaeota wesolowskae sp. nov. A–B Male habitus, dorsal and ventral; C–D Female habitus, dorsal and ventral; E–F Prosoma, frontal, female and male; G Female, leg I prolateral. Scales = 0.1 mm (E, F) and 0.2 mm (G). Abbreviations: Uv—unpaired ventral spine.
FIGURE 8 in On two enigmatic spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae & Phrurolithidae) from the Russian Far East
FIGURE 8. Collecting localities of Cybaeota wesolowskae sp. nov. (●) and Phrurolithus lindemanni sp. nov. (Ɨ)
Blow to the Northeast? Intraspecific differentiation of Populus davidiana suggests a northeastward skew of a phylogeographic break boundary in East Asia
<p><b><span>Aim: </span></b>There is increasing interest in the role that biological traits, and historical and biogeographic processes, play in the formation of phylogeographic patterns. An arid belt that once existed in northern China might have affected many plants, but this has yet to be untested in an arid-tolerant, wind-dispersed species. Here we tested how intrinsic and extrinsic factors have affected the phylogeography of <i><span>Populus davidiana</span></i>.</p> <p><b><span>Location: </span></b>East Asia</p> <p><b><span>Methods: </span></b>Genetic variation was surveyed across 40 populations (555 individuals) covering the Chinese range of <i><span>P. davidiana</span></i>, using 16 nuclear microsatellite loci (nSSRs) and four chloroplast fragments (cpDNA). Demographic and migration hypotheses were tested using coalescent-based approaches, and the present and past potential distributions were predicted using species distribution modelling.</p> <p><span><span><b><span>Results: </span></b>Molecular data divides <i><span>P. davidiana </span></i>into two lineages, northeastern China (NECR), and central and northern China (CNCR); however, the dividing line is around 118ºE for nSSRs, but 122ºE for cpDNA. The range and habitat of the two lineages barely overlap at present, and their ecological separation may have initiated around the Pliocene-Quaternary boundary, when major infraspecific cpDNA clades diverged. NECR and CNCR experienced postglacial northeastward and northward range shifts, respectively. Bi-directional historical gene flow was detected between NECR and CNCR for both bi-parentally inherited nSSRs and maternally inherited cpDNA. Demographic inferences suggest a severe bottleneck for CNCR and especially NECR, around the latest Pleistocene.</span></span></p> <p><b><span>Main conclusions: </span></b>The phylogeographic break within <i><span>P. davidiana</span></i> reflects the impacts of biogeographic history, climate and biological traits. Its plumed, wind-dispersed seeds might be especially significant, because prevailing southwestern spring winds may have moved the NECR-CNCR boundary further east than similar phylogenetic breaks in other species, and also moved the cpDNA boundary relative to that for nuclear markers. Biological traits, therefore, should also be considered when examining the genetic and ecological differentiation between closely related taxa.</p>
FIGURES 17–23. 17 in Species of Cerambycinae (Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from east Paraná State (Brazil), with new geographic records
FIGURES 17–23. 17, Microibidion exculptum Martins, 1962; 18, Minibidion minusculum (Martins, 1962); 19, Ophtalmibidion tetrops (Bates, 1870); 20, Thoracibidion fasciiferum (Berg, 1889); 21, Pseudocolynthaea pectoralis Martins, 1976; 22, Cycnoderus (Ulododerus) barbatus Gounelle, 1911; 23, Trachelissa pustulata (Audinet-Serville, 1834).
FIGURES 9–16. 9 in Species of Cerambycinae (Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from east Paraná State (Brazil), with new geographic records
FIGURES 9–16. 9, Protomallocera hilairei (Gounelle, 1909); 10, Sphaerion cyanipenne Audinet-Serville, 1834; 11, Stizocera tristis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844); 12, Gnomidolon grantsaui Martins, 1967; 13, Tetroplon caudatum caudatum Aurivillius, 1899; 14, Merionoedopsis aeneiventris Gounelle, 1911; 15, Cycnidolon minutum Martins, 1960; 16, Gnomibidion armaticolle (Martins, 1965).
FIGURES 1–8. 1 in Species of Cerambycinae (Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from east Paraná State (Brazil), with new geographic records
FIGURES 1–8. 1, Achryson undulatum Burmeister, 1865; 2, Coleoxestia errata Martins & Monné, 2005; 3, Coleoxestia nigripes Martins & Monné, 2005; 4, Aglaoschema viridipenne (Thomson, 1860); 5, Cupanoscelis heteroclita Gounelle, 1909; 6, Eburodacrys tuberosa Gounelle, 1909; 7, Ectenessa scansor (Gounelle, 1909); 8, Micropsyrassa meridionalis Martins, 1974.
FIGURE 2. Ptereleotris cyanops, A in A new species of dartfish of the genus Ptereleotris (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the East Coast of India
FIGURE 2. Ptereleotris cyanops, A. Holotype, NBFGR/GOBPCYA, 75.5 mm SL, female; B. Paratype, NBFGR/GOBPCYA.1, 78.5 mm SL, male.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of dartfish of the genus Ptereleotris (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the East Coast of India
FIGURE 1. Ptereleotris cyanops, Holotype, NBFGR/GOBPCYA, 75.5 mm SL (colouration prior to preservation).
FIGURE 4 in A new species of dartfish of the genus Ptereleotris (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the East Coast of India
FIGURE 4. Radiograph of Ptereleotris cyanops, A. Holotype, NBFGR/GOBPCYA, 75.5 mm SL, B. Paratype, NBFGR/GOB- PCYA.1, 78.5 mm SL.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of dartfish of the genus Ptereleotris (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the East Coast of India
FIGURE 3. Ptereleotris cyanops, holotype, NBFGR/GOBPCYA, 75.5 mm SL, showing wide interspace between first and second dorsal fin.
Data from: DNA methylation changes associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease in an East Asian population
<p><b>Objective:</b> There is growing body of evidence that epigenetic changes including DNA methylation influence the risk of type 2 diabetes and its microvascular complications. We conducted a methylome-wide association study (MWAS) to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Korean population.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We performed an initial MWAS in 232 participants in a case-control study design with type 2 diabetes and 197 non-diabetic controls with Illumina EPIC bead chip using peripheral blood leukocytes. Type 2 diabetes group was subdivided to 87 DKD cases and 80 non-DKD controls. Additional 819 individuals from two population-based cohorts were used to investigate the association of the identified DMRs with quantitative metabolic traits. We developed a DNA methylation score using identified DMRs to predict the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. To examine the causal relationship between the metabolic traits and differentially methylated status, we performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> We identified eight DMRs (each at <i>BMP8A</i>, <i>NBPF20, STX18, ZNF365, CPT1A,</i> and <i>TRIM37</i>, and two at <i>TXNIP</i>) which were significantly associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (P < 9.0×10<sup>-8</sup>), including three that were previously known (DMRs in <i>TXNIP</i> and<i> CPT1A</i>), in 429 type 2 diabetes cases and controls. DNA methylation score consisted of these DMRs differentiated the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in an independent prospective cohort with a relative risk of 2.44 (95% confidence interval 1.39–4.28) between the lowest and highest deciles of DNA methylation score. DMRs in <i>CPT1A</i> and <i>TXNIP</i> were associated with quantitative metabolic traits, including fasting glucose, HbA1c, and body mass index. We also identified three DMRs (on <i>COMMD1</i>, <i>TMOD1</i>, and <i>FHOD1</i>) associated with DKD in 167 DKD cases and controls. The DMRs of DKD did not show meaningful overlap with those of type 2 diabetes. In MR analysis, the estimated glomerular filtration rate was causally associated with DNA methylation of these three DMRs.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: In an East Asian population, we identified eight DMRs, including five novel ones, associated with type 2 diabetes and three DMRs associated with DKD at methylome-wide statistical significance. Our findings suggest that epigenetics of DKD may share little with those responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.