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FIGURE 1 in Strepsiptera from Colombia: First record of the genus Strichotrema Hofeneder (Myrmecolacidae) and a new host-parasitoid association with Megalomyrmex cyendyra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
FIGURE 1. Male of Caenocholax fenyesi emerging from the gaster of a worker of Megalomyrmex cyendyra. (A) M. cyendyra full body view. (B) M. cyendyra crop of gaster (C) Crop of C. fenyesi emerging [ICN: 100121].
Figure 1 in New damselfly hosts and species identification of an aquatic parasitoid Hydrophylita emporos (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Taiwan
Figure 1. Hydrophylita emporos stands near the base of the abdomen of damselflies (a) Coeliccia cyanomelas and (b) Psolodesmus mandarinus dorothea. (c) Map of Taiwan shows the type locality (Shimen) of Hydrophylita emporos and the two field sites (Fushan & Lienhuachih) in this study. (d) CO1 gene tree of Hydrophylita emporos samples collected from Coeliccia cyanomelas, Psolodesmus mandarinus dorothea and Psolodesmus mandarinus mandarinus. Numbers above the branches are support values of the Bayesian Posterior Probability (BPP). Branches without support values have values <50%.
Figure 1 in New occurrences and host records for two species of parasitic isopods (Isopodaı Cymothoidaı Bopyridae) associated with caridean shrimps (Decapodaı Caridea) from Brazil
Figure 1. Parabopyrella lata (Nierstrasz and Brender à Brandis, 1929), female (UFRGS 6629): (a), habitus dorsal view; (b), habitus ventral view; (c), antennule (left) and antenna (right); (d), barbula; (e), maxilliped; (f), maxilliped palp; (g), maxilliped spur; (h), oostegite 1, outer view; (i), oostegite 1, inner view; (j), right pereopod 1; (k), right pereopod 7; (l), left pleopods. Scale bars: (a) and (b) = 1.0 mm; (c) = 0.1 mm; (d) = 0.5 mm; (e) = 0.35 mm; (f) and (g) = 0.1 mm; (h–k) and l = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in The genus Obrium Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae Obriini) in Argentina: new species, distributions and host plant
FIGURE 3. Geographic distributions of the species of Obrium in Argentina: O. bifasciatum (white squares); O. cicatricosum (white circles); O. mimicum sp. n. (black star); O. trilobatum sp. n. (black triangles); O. trifasciatum (black circles).
FIGURE 4 in The genus Obrium Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae Obriini) in Argentina: new species, distributions and host plant
FIGURE 4. Geographic distributions of the species of Obrium in Argentina: O. multifarium (black squares); O. vicinum (white circles).
FIGURE 1 in The genus Obrium Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae Obriini) in Argentina: new species, distributions and host plant
FIGURE 1. General aspect of the species of Obrium in Argentina: a. Obrium bifasciatum; b. Obrium cicatricosum; c. Obrium mimicum sp. n. Scale bar = 5mm.
Figure 4 in A new scale insect host family (Hemiptera: Asterolecaniidae) for Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in China
Figure 4. Aphytis bambusaspis sp.nov. male. (a) body in dorsal view; (b) body in ventral view; (c) pupa in ventral view.
Figure 1 in A new scale insect host family (Hemiptera: Asterolecaniidae) for Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in China
Figure 1. Aphytis bambusaspis sp.nov. female. (a) body in dorsal view; (b) body in ventral view; (c) pupa in ventral view.
Figure 3 in A new scale insect host family (Hemiptera: Asterolecaniidae) for Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in China
Figure 3. Aphytis bambusaspis sp.nov. female. (a) submarginal vein of fore wing, showing 3 coarse setae on submarginal vein; (b) mouthparts, showing mandibles and maxillary palpi; (c) labial palpi; (d) mesosoma.
Figure 7 in A new scale insect host family (Hemiptera: Asterolecaniidae) for Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in China
Figure 7. Diaspidid scale Chrysomphalus aonidum and its parasitoid Aphytis holoxanthus. (a) C. aonidum; (b) a larva of A. holoxanthus on the scale body; (c) mature pupa of A. holoxanthus, with meconial pellets; (d) 2 mature pupae of A. holoxanthus, with meconial pellets; (e) 3 mature pupae of A. holoxanthus, with meconial pellets; (f) 4 mature pupae of A. holoxanthus, with meconial pellets.
Spillover of an alien parasite reduces expression of costly behaviour in native host species
<p>We used a natural experiment of populations of native red squirrels (<em>Sciurus vulgaris</em>) that were colonised by the alien grey squirrel (<em>Sciurus carolinensis</em>), comparing repeated measurements of red squirrel parasite infection and personality with those taken in sites where only the native species occurred.<br> Using data from 323 arena tests across three experimental (native species and IAS) and three control sites (only native species), we found negative correlations between native species’ activity and infection with <em>Strongyloides robustus</em> in the sites invaded by the alien species. Activity was also negatively correlated with infection by its native helminth (<em>Trypanoxyuris sciuri</em>) but only when grey squirrels were present, while in the red-only sites there was no relationship of <em>T. sciuri</em> infection with any of the personality traits. Moreover, individuals that acquired <em>S. robustus</em> during the study reduced their activity after infection, while this was not the case for animals that remained uninfected.</p>
The mantle transition zone hosts the missing HIMU reservoir beneath eastern China
<p>Table S1. Geochemical and isotopic compositions of Cenozoic lavas from Wudi</p> <p>Table S2. LA-ICP-MS analyses of clinopyroxenes from Wudi lavas, clinopyroxenes from Xenoliths in Wudi lavas, and USGS basalt glass standards</p> <p>Table S3. The Pb isotopic data for clinopyroxene and groudmass from Wudi lavas, and clinopyroxenes from Xenoliths in WD lavas</p> <p>Table S4. The compositions of olivines from Wudi lavas</p> <p>Table S5. The compositions of Late Cenozoic lavas with SiO2 < 55 wt. % from eastern China.</p> <p>Table S6. Monte Carlo modeling for Pb isotope source composition from Paleo-Asian ocean crust.</p>
F I G U R E 1 in Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS- CoV-2
F I G U R E 1 Structural diagrams of spike glycoproteins of SARS‐CoV, MERS‐CoV, and SARS‐CoV‐2. All spike proteins of coronaviruses contain S1 subunit and S2 subunit, which were divided by the S cleavage sites. FP, fusion peptide; HR, heptad repeat 1 and heptad repeat 2; RBD, receptor‐binding domain, contains core binding motif in the external subdomain; SP, signal peptide
F I G U R E 2 in Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS- CoV-2
F I G U R E 2 Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of coronavirus spike glycoproteins. The sequences of spike glycoproteins of SARS‐CoV‐2, bat SARS‐like CoV, pangolin SARS‐like CoV, and SARS‐CoV were analyzed. The red stars indicate pangolin SARS‐like CoV and bat SARS‐like CoV. Host flags are marked after the clusters. SARS‐CoV‐2, severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2
FIGURES 1–6 in Taxonomic confusion among gall-thrips and host-plants, with three new combinations from the genus Austrothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae)
FIGURES 1–6. Ocnothrips cochinchinensis. (1) head; (2) antenna; (3) pelta and tergites I–II; (4) pronotum; (5) mes and metanotum; (6) type slides.
FIGURES 21–24 in Description of a new species of spider wasp Genus Machaerothrix Haupt (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from India with reports on its host association and nesting behaviour
FIGURES 21–24. Nest and host preference of Machaerothrix salticidus Binoy, Girish Kumar & Anju sp. nov. 21. Habitat, wasp nest surrounded by cobwebs. 22. Female wasp sealing off freshly constructed nests. 23. Paralysed spider recovered during transit. 24. Spider with amputed legs recovered from wasp nest. Scale bar: 23– 2 mm; 24– 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 19–20 in Description of a new species of spider wasp Genus Machaerothrix Haupt (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from India with reports on its host association and nesting behaviour
FIGURES 19–20. Machaerothrix salticidus Binoy, Girish Kumar & Anju sp. nov. Paratype, ♂. 19. Hypopygium, in ventral view. 20. Genitalia, in lateral view. Scale bar: 19, 20– 0.2 mm.
Data from: A comparison of diversity estimators applied to a database of host-parasite associations
Understanding the drivers of biodiversity is important for forecasting changes in the distribution of life on earth. However, most studies of biodiversity are limited by uneven sampling effort, with some regions or taxa better sampled than others. Numerous methods have been developed to account for differences in sampling effort, but most methods were developed for systematic surveys in which all study units are sampled using the same design and assemblages are sampled randomly. Databases compiled from multiple sources, such as from the literature, often violate these assumptions because they are composed of studies that vary widely in their goals and methods. Here, we compared the performance of several popular methods for estimating parasite diversity based on a large and widely used parasite database, the Global Mammal Parasite Database (GMPD). We created artificial datasets of host-parasite interactions based on the structure of the GMPD, then used these datasets to evaluate which methods best control for differential sampling effort. We evaluated the precision and bias of seven methods, including species accumulation and nonparametric diversity estimators, compared to analyzing the raw data without controlling for sampling variation. We find that nonparametric estimators, and particularly the Chao2 and second-order jackknife estimators, perform better than other methods. However, these estimators still perform poorly relative to systematic sampling, and effect sizes should be interpreted with caution because they tend to be lower than actual effect sizes. Overall, using these estimators is more effective in comparative studies than for estimating true estimates of diversity. We make recommendations for future sampling strategies and statistical methods that would improve estimates of global parasite diversity.
A Large-scale Data Set and an Empirical Study of Docker Images Hosted on Docker Hub
<p>The data set schema, fields description, and analysis scripts are in the GitHub artifact repository.</p> <p>https://github.com/linncy/icsme2020-docker-study</p> <p> </p> <p>@inproceedings{LinICSME20,<br>author={Changyuan Lin and Sarah Nadi and Hamzeh Khazaei},<br>title={A Large-scale Data Set and an Empirical Study of Docker Images Hosted on Docker Hub},<br>booktitle={Proceedings of the 36th IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME)},<br>year={2020},<br>url_Paper={https://www.dropbox.com/s/3bktcmdr7rlw1ic/LinICSME20.pdf}<br>}</p>
Data from: Reprograming of epigenetic mechanisms controlling host insect immunity and development in response to egg-laying by a parasitoid wasp
<p>Parasitoids are insects that use other insects as hosts. They sabotage host cellular and humoral defenses to promote the survival of their offspring by injecting viruses and venoms along with their eggs. Many pathogens and parasites disrupt host epigenetic mechanisms to overcome immune system defenses, and we hypothesized that parasitoids may utilize the same strategy. We used the ichneumon wasp Pimpla turionellae as a model idiobiont parasitoid to test this hypothesis, with pupae of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella as the host. We found that parasitoid infestation involves the suppression of host immunity-related effector genes and the modulation of host genes involved in developmental hormone signaling. The transcriptional reprogramming of host genes following the injection of parasitoid eggs was associated with changes in host epigenetic mechanisms. The introduction of parasitoids resulted in a transient decrease in host global DNA methylation and the modulation of acetylation ratios for specific histones. Genes encoding regulators of histone acetylation and deacetylation were mostly downregulated in the parasitized pupae, suggesting that parasitoids can suppress host transcription. We also detected a strong parasitoid-specific effect on host microRNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Our data therefore support the hypothesis that parasitoids may favor the survival of their offspring by interfering with host epigenetic mechanisms to suppress the immune system and disrupt development.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.