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Figure 9 in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 9. Time-dated cladogram of Cantharidae based on molecular phylogenetic frameworks of Zhang et al. (2018) and McKenna et al. (2019), and our cladistic analyses, shows the antiquity and Cretaceous origin of subfamilies. Only the oldest fossils are denoted on the branch: 1, Malthininae from the Mid-Eocene Baltic amber (e.g. Malthinus danieli Kuśka & Kania, 2010); 2, Tytthonyxini from the Early Middle Miocene Dominican amber (e.g. Tytthonyx geiseri Poinar & Fanti, 2016); 3, Archaeomalthodes rosetta Hsiao et al., 2017 from the Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber; 4, Chauliognathinae The late Eocene Florissant Formation (e.g. Chauliognathus pristinus Scudder, 1876); 5, Molliberus albae Peris & Fanti, 2018 (Cantharinae) from the Early Cretaceous Spanish amber; 6, Mid-Cretaceous Burmite Cantharinae; 7, Silini from the Mid-Eocene Baltic amber (e.g. Silis lombardii Parisi & Fanti, 2019). Geological scale is modified from an updated version of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) International Chronostratigraphic Chart (Cohen et al., 2013; updated).

Figure 2. Phylogenies inferred from Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference. A in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 2. Phylogenies inferred from Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference. A, the majority consensus tree of two most-parsimonious trees obtained by implicit enumeration search under equal weighting (L = 96; CI = 73; RI = 84). Bootstrap values (BS> 49%) are shown near each of the corresponding nodes; B, the majority-rule consensus tree from the Bayesian analysis. Numbers at the nodes denote posterior probabilities.

Figure 5 in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 5. Habitus of Palaeocantharis panna: A, dorsal view; B, ventral-lateral view. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figure 7 in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 7. Habitus of Hukawngichthyurus maha: A, dorsal view; B, ventral-lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 4 in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 4. Details of body parts of Cretocantharis veda: A, head, dorsal view; B, ditto, ventral-lateral view; C, pronotum; D, elytra; E, caudal segments; F, tarsus of left hind leg. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 3 in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 3. Habitus of Cretocantharis veda: A, dorsal view; B, ventral-lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 6 in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 6. Details of body parts of Palaeocantharis panna: A, head, dorsal view; B, ditto, ventral-lateral view; C, pronotum; D, elytra; E, caudal segments of abdomen, with gonostyli indicated by a black arrow; F, tarsi of hind legs. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B, D); 0.5 mm (C, E, F).

Figure 1 in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

Figure 1. The most-parsimonious tree inferred from the implied weighting (K = 10.0) (tree length = 92 steps; consistency index = 77; retention index = 87). Black circles indicate synapomorphies; white circles indicate parallelisms or reversals; character numbers are given above circles, and character states below circles. Image courtesy of Stephen Marshall (Cantharinae), Hua-Te Fang (Silini), Zhenhua Liu (Chauliognathinae), Reiner Richter (Dysmorphocerinae), E. Christina Butler (Tytthonyxini) and Chih-Wen Hsu (Malthininae).

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Supplementary material 1 from: Li Y-D, Huang D-Y, Cai C (2021) New species of Omma Newman from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera, Archostemata, Ommatidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68(2): 341-348. https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.74174

Habitus of Omma forte and O. manukyani, with the relative positions of confocal images in Figs 4 and 6 labeled

FIGURE 5 in The Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Burmese amber

FIGURE 5. Heteroichneumon sp., specimen NIGP174883b. A, Dorso-lateral view. B, Mesosoma, ventro-lateral view. C, Head, ventro-lateral view. D, Wings in transmitting light. E, Metasoma, ventro-lateral view. F, Mesonotum, dorso-lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm in A and D, and 0.5 mm in B, C, E and F.

FIGURE 6 in The Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Burmese amber

FIGURE 6. Rogichneumon braconidicus sp. nov., holotype NIGP174884. A, Lateral view. B, Dorso-lateral view. C, Wings. D, Metasomal articulation, dorso-lateral view. E, Wings in transmitting light. F, Head, lateral view. G, Head and mesonotum, dorsolateral view. H, Hind wing. I, Habitus drawing. Scale bars = 1 mm in A–C, E, H and I, and 0.2 mm in D, F and G.

FIGURE 2 in The Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Burmese amber

FIGURE 2. Rasnichneumon alexandri sp. nov., holotype NIGP174881. A, Dorso-lateral view. B, Wings in transmitting light. C, Head. D, Habitus drawing. E, Wings reconstruction. Scale bars = 0.2 mm in C, and 1 mm in A, B and D.

FIGURE 4 in The Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Burmese amber

FIGURE 4. Heteroichneumon rasnitsyni sp. nov., holotype NIGP174883a. A, Dorso-lateral view. B, Wings in transmitting light. C, Mesonotum and head, lateral view. D, Hind wing. E, Mesonotum, dorsal view. F, Flagellomeres. G, Habitus drawing. H, Wings reconstruction. I, Mesonotal sculpture. Scale bars = 1mm in A, B and G–I, and 0.2 mm in C–F.

FIGURE 1 in The Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Burmese amber

FIGURE 1. Heteropimpla pulverulenta sp. nov., holotype NIGP174880. A, Lateral view. B, Wings in transmitting light. C, Habitus drawing. D, Wings reconstruction. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 3 in The Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Burmese amber

FIGURE 3. Rasnichneumon gracilis sp. nov., holotype NIGP174882. A, Lateral view. B, Dorsal view. C, Wings in transmitting light. D, Habitus drawing. E, Wings reconstruction. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 3 in An aberrant colydiine-like tenebrionoid beetle from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Zopheridae)

FIGURE 3. General habitus of Coslonatus rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP177330, under confocal microscopy. A, Dorsal view. B, Ventral view. Scale bars: 400 μm.

FIGURE 2 in An aberrant colydiine-like tenebrionoid beetle from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Zopheridae)

FIGURE 2. General habitus of Coslonatus rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP177330, under widefield fluorescence. A, Dorsal view. B, Ventral view. Scale bars: 500 μm.

FIGURE 1 in An aberrant colydiine-like tenebrionoid beetle from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Zopheridae)

FIGURE 1. General habitus of Coslonatus rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP177330, under incident light. A, Dorsal view. B, Ventral view. Scale bars: 500 μm.

FIGURE 4 in An aberrant colydiine-like tenebrionoid beetle from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Zopheridae)

FIGURE 4. Details of Coslonatus rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP177330, under confocal microscopy. A, Head, dorsal view. B, Mouthparts, ventral view. C, Elytral base, dorsal view. D, Middle portion of elytra, dorsal view. E, Antennal club, ventral view. F, Protarsus, ventral view. G, Mesotarsus, ventral view. H, Metatarsus, ventral view. Abbreviations: an1,9–11, antennomeres 1,9–11; es, elytral suture; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mst1–4, mesotarsomeres 1–4; mstb, mesotibia; mtt1–4, metatarsomeres 1–4; mttb, metatibia; mxp, maxillary palp; pt1–4, protarsomeres 1–4; ptb, protibia; sc, scutellum. Scale bars: 100 μm.