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308 results for “Coils”
MMS 3 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Survey Mode, 32 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (32 samples/s), Level 2, Survey Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
MMS 3 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Burst Mode, 8192 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (8192 samples/s), Level 2, Burst Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper for SCM can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
MMS 1 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), High Speed Burst Mode, 16384 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (16384 samples/s), Level 2, High Speed Burst Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper for SCM can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
THEMIS-D: Search Coil Magnetometer 1/8s, 1/128s and 1/8192s Data
THEMIS-D: Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) magnetic field measurements. Includes FAST SURVEY, PARTICLE BURST and WAVE BURST data. FAST SURVEY (SCF): 1/8 second time resolution. PARTICLE BURST (SCP): 1/128 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. WAVE BURST (SCW): 1/8192 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. Sensor and electronics design provided by LPP, Roux and Le Contel. SCM Telemetry Modes (Only first 3 apply to level 2 SCM products): +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ Fast Survey (scf) Waveform data for the 3 SCM components; sampling rate between 2 and 256 S/s, nominal value is 8. Particle Burst (scp) Waveform data nominally at 128 S/s. Wave Burst (scw) Waveform data nominally at 8192 S/s. Filter Bank (fbk)^ Mean signal value over 6 frequency bands (4-2 kHz, 1-0.5 kHz, 256-128 Hz, 64-32 Hz, 16-8 Hz. Particle Burst Spectra (ffp)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. Wave Burst Spectra (ffw)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * ^Only two available inputs between all 3 SCM and 12 EFI data signals. * ^^Only four available inputs between 3 SCM and 16 other data signals.
MMS 4 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Burst Mode, 8192 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (8192 samples/s), Level 2, Burst Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper for SCM can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
MMS 4 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), High Speed Burst Mode, 16384 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (16384 samples/s), Level 2, High Speed Burst Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper for SCM can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
THEMIS-A: Search Coil Magnetometer 1/8s, 1/128s and 1/8192s Data
THEMIS-A: Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) magnetic field measurements. Includes FAST SURVEY, PARTICLE BURST and WAVE BURST data. FAST SURVEY (SCF): 1/8 second time resolution. PARTICLE BURST (SCP): 1/128 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. WAVE BURST (SCW): 1/8192 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. Sensor and electronics design provided by LPP, Roux and Le Contel. SCM Telemetry Modes (Only first 3 apply to level 2 SCM products): +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ Fast Survey (scf) Waveform data for the 3 SCM components; sampling rate between 2 and 256 S/s, nominal value is 8. Particle Burst (scp) Waveform data nominally at 128 S/s. Wave Burst (scw) Waveform data nominally at 8192 S/s. Filter Bank (fbk)^ Mean signal value over 6 frequency bands (4-2 kHz, 1-0.5 kHz, 256-128 Hz, 64-32 Hz, 16-8 Hz. Particle Burst Spectra (ffp)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. Wave Burst Spectra (ffw)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * ^Only two available inputs between all 3 SCM and 12 EFI data signals. * ^^Only four available inputs between 3 SCM and 16 other data signals.
MMS 1 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Survey Mode, 32 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (32 samples/s), Level 2, Survey Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
THEMIS-B: Search Coil Magnetometer 1/8s, 1/128s and 1/8192s Data
THEMIS-B: Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) magnetic field measurements. Includes FAST SURVEY, PARTICLE BURST and WAVE BURST data. FAST SURVEY (SCF): 1/8 second time resolution. PARTICLE BURST (SCP): 1/128 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. WAVE BURST (SCW): 1/8192 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. Sensor and electronics design provided by LPP, Roux and Le Contel. SCM Telemetry Modes (Only first 3 apply to level 2 SCM products): +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ Fast Survey (scf) Waveform data for the 3 SCM components; sampling rate between 2 and 256 S/s, nominal value is 8. Particle Burst (scp) Waveform data nominally at 128 S/s. Wave Burst (scw) Waveform data nominally at 8192 S/s. Filter Bank (fbk)^ Mean signal value over 6 frequency bands (4-2 kHz, 1-0.5 kHz, 256-128 Hz, 64-32 Hz, 16-8 Hz. Particle Burst Spectra (ffp)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. Wave Burst Spectra (ffw)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * ^Only two available inputs between all 3 SCM and 12 EFI data signals. * ^^Only four available inputs between 3 SCM and 16 other data signals.
MMS 3 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), High Speed Burst Mode, 16384 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (16384 samples/s), Level 2, High Speed Burst Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper for SCM can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
MMS 1 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Burst Mode, 8192 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (8192 samples/s), Level 2, Burst Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper for SCM can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
Effects of depletion of Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 in the kidney medullary tussue of murine model.
GEO Series GSE246069. Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Dataset for the manuscript: Design and Characterization of PCB Spiral Coils for Inductive Power Transfer in Medium Voltage Applications
<p>This repository includes datasets supporting our manuscript that is under review process in the IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics. </p> <p>In this first version, we include the data set necessary to reproduce the results of Fig. 6 in the manuscript, which are dimensionless functions for resistance of copper traces with rectangular cross-section.</p> <p>There are two excel files in the repository, one is for the conduction loss and another is for the proximity loss. They both are extracted from Ansys EM simulation. </p> <p>In the simulation, frequency are sweeping from 50 kHz to 1 MHz, copper trace width is sweeping from 1 mm to 20 mm. the thickness of copper trace is sweeping from 0.07 mm to 0.21 mm (since we are considering standard PCB trace thickness here). The copper conductivity we set in the simulation is 5.8e7 Siemens/m.</p>
Inhibition of Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 in murine podocytes
GEO Series GSE262013. Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
MMS 1 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM), Magnetic Field Power Spectral Density, Level 2 (L2), Fast Mode, 2 s Data
The MMS magnetic field power spectral density (BPSD) is computed onboard by the Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The fast Fourier transform (FFT) calculation is performed on a digitized version of analog signals from the Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) in the SCM123 coordinate system, see SCM data product guide for details, https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/. This data product is computed in space from individual components that are not synchronized to the 1 second pulse. Therefore, the timing between channels can be inaccurate by a fraction of a second. The samples times are interval start times taken from the x component. The spectra are calculated via a 1024-point FFT algorithm on piecewise continuous sets of waveform data. Nine signals can be processed simultaneously. Six of the twelve DC-coupled E, DC-coupled V, or SCM signals (16384 samples/s) are selected for spectral processing at 100% duty cycle. In addition, the three AC-coupled signals (262,144 kS/s) each can be processed at 6.25% duty cycle. Each of the nine signals has 16, 1024-point FFT operations every second; the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) performs 144 FFTs per second. The FFT is performed by an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which is controlled by a state machine. Both are hard-coded into the FPGA. The operation starts by applying a 1024-point Hanning window onto a waveform. Next, an FFT is implemented. The FFT is broken into a series of "butterfly" operations performed by the ALU. The result has real and imaginary data. Power spectra are calculated by taking the sum of squares of real and imaginary values (the ALU includes a multiplier), which produces a power spectrum with 512 frequency bins. The frequency bins are then combined to give pseudo-logarithmic frequency spacing (del f)/f. The spectra are reduced to 88 frequency bins with (del f)/f between 6% and 12% when possible. Narrow-band emissions can be fit to an accuracy of (del f)/f ~3%, allowing for an accurate determination of plasma density. The spectra can be averaged in time. The fastest reporting rate of any signal is 16 spectra per second. Reporting rates can be as slow a one spectra every 16 s (averaging 256 spectra). The DSP and SCM instrument papers can be found at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0115-x and https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9, respectively. The DSP and SCM data product guides can be found at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
THEMIS-E: Probe Electric Field Instrument and Search Coil Magnetometer Instrument, Digital Fields Board - digitally computed Filter Bank spectra and E12 peak and average in HF band (FBK).
The Filter Bank is part of the Digital fields board and provides band-pass filtering for EFI and SCM spectra as well as E12HF peak and average value calculations. The Filter Bank provides band-pass filtering for less computationally and power intensive spectra than the FFT would provide. The process is as follows: Signals are fed to the Filter Bank via a low-pass FIR filter with a cut-off frequency half that of the original signal maximum. The output is passed to the band-pass filters, is differenced from the original signal, then absolute value of the data is taken and averaged. The output from the low-pass filter is also sent to a second FIR filter with 2:1 decimation. This output is then fed back through the system. The process runs through 12 cascades for input at 8,192 samples/s and 13 for input at 16,384 samples/sec (EAC input only), reducing the signal and computing power by a factor 2 at each cascade. At each cascade a set of data is produced at a sampling frequency of 2^n from 2 Hz to the initial sampling frequency (frequency characteristics for each step are shown below in Table 1). The average from the Filter Bank is compressed to 8 bits with a pseudo-logarithmic encoder. The data is stored in sets of six frequency bins at 2.689 kHz, 572 Hz, 144.2 Hz, 36.2 Hz, 9.05 Hz, and 2.26 Hz. The average of the coupled E12HF signal and it's peak value are recorded over 62.5 ms windows (i.e. a 16 Hz sampling rate). Accumulation of values from signal 31.25 ms windows is performed externally. The analog signals fed into the FBK are E12DC and SCM1. Sensor and electronics design provided by UCB (J. W. Bonnell, F. S. Mozer), Digital Fields Board provided by LASP (R. Ergun), Search coil data provided by CETP (A. Roux). Table 1: Frequency Properties. Cascade Frequency content of Input Signal Low-pass Filter Cutoff Frequency Freuency Content of Low-pass Output Signal Filter Bank Frequency Band 0* 0 - 8 kHz 4 kHz 0 - 4 kHz 4 - 8 kHz 1 0 - 4 kHz 2 kHz 0 - 2 kHz 2 - 4 kHz 2 0 - 2 kHz 1 kHz 0 - 1 kHz 1 - 2 kHz 3 0 - 1 kHz 512 Hz 0 - 512 Hz 512 Hz - 1 kHz 4 0 - 512 Hz 256 Hz 0 - 256 Hz 256 - 512 Hz 5 0 - 256 Hz 128 Hz 0 - 128 Hz 128 - 256 Hz 6 0 - 128 Hz 64 Hz 0 - 64 Hz 64 - 128 Hz 7 0 - 64 Hz 32 Hz 0 - 32 Hz 32 - 64 Hz 8 0 - 32 Hz 16 Hz 0 - 16 Hz 16 - 32 Hz 9 0 - 16 Hz 8 Hz 0 - 8 Hz 8 - 16 Hz 10 0 - 8 Hz 4 Hz 0 - 4 Hz 4 - 8 Hz 11 0 - 4 Hz 2 Hz 0 - 2 Hz 2 - 4 Hz 12 0 - 2 Hz 1 Hz 0 - 1 Hz 1 - 2 Hz *Only available for 16,384 Hz sampling.
THEMIS-D: Probe Electric Field Instrument and Search Coil Magnetometer Instrument, Digital Fields Board - digitally computed Filter Bank spectra and E12 peak and average in HF band (FBK).
The Filter Bank is part of the Digital fields board and provides band-pass filtering for EFI and SCM spectra as well as E12HF peak and average value calculations. The Filter Bank provides band-pass filtering for less computationally and power intensive spectra than the FFT would provide. The process is as follows: Signals are fed to the Filter Bank via a low-pass FIR filter with a cut-off frequency half that of the original signal maximum. The output is passed to the band-pass filters, is differenced from the original signal, then absolute value of the data is taken and averaged. The output from the low-pass filter is also sent to a second FIR filter with 2:1 decimation. This output is then fed back through the system. The process runs through 12 cascades for input at 8,192 samples/s and 13 for input at 16,384 samples/sec (EAC input only), reducing the signal and computing power by a factor 2 at each cascade. At each cascade a set of data is produced at a sampling frequency of 2^n from 2 Hz to the initial sampling frequency (frequency characteristics for each step are shown below in Table 1). The average from the Filter Bank is compressed to 8 bits with a pseudo-logarithmic encoder. The data is stored in sets of six frequency bins at 2.689 kHz, 572 Hz, 144.2 Hz, 36.2 Hz, 9.05 Hz, and 2.26 Hz. The average of the coupled E12HF signal and it's peak value are recorded over 62.5 ms windows (i.e. a 16 Hz sampling rate). Accumulation of values from signal 31.25 ms windows is performed externally. The analog signals fed into the FBK are E12DC and SCM1. Sensor and electronics design provided by UCB (J. W. Bonnell, F. S. Mozer), Digital Fields Board provided by LASP (R. Ergun), Search coil data provided by CETP (A. Roux). Table 1: Frequency Properties. Cascade Frequency content of Input Signal Low-pass Filter Cutoff Frequency Freuency Content of Low-pass Output Signal Filter Bank Frequency Band 0* 0 - 8 kHz 4 kHz 0 - 4 kHz 4 - 8 kHz 1 0 - 4 kHz 2 kHz 0 - 2 kHz 2 - 4 kHz 2 0 - 2 kHz 1 kHz 0 - 1 kHz 1 - 2 kHz 3 0 - 1 kHz 512 Hz 0 - 512 Hz 512 Hz - 1 kHz 4 0 - 512 Hz 256 Hz 0 - 256 Hz 256 - 512 Hz 5 0 - 256 Hz 128 Hz 0 - 128 Hz 128 - 256 Hz 6 0 - 128 Hz 64 Hz 0 - 64 Hz 64 - 128 Hz 7 0 - 64 Hz 32 Hz 0 - 32 Hz 32 - 64 Hz 8 0 - 32 Hz 16 Hz 0 - 16 Hz 16 - 32 Hz 9 0 - 16 Hz 8 Hz 0 - 8 Hz 8 - 16 Hz 10 0 - 8 Hz 4 Hz 0 - 4 Hz 4 - 8 Hz 11 0 - 4 Hz 2 Hz 0 - 2 Hz 2 - 4 Hz 12 0 - 2 Hz 1 Hz 0 - 1 Hz 1 - 2 Hz *Only available for 16,384 Hz sampling.
MMS 3 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM), Magnetic Field Power Spectral Density, Level 2 (L2), Slow Mode, 16 s Data
The MMS magnetic field power spectral density (BPSD) is computed onboard by the Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The fast Fourier transform (FFT) calculation is performed on a digitized version of analog signals from the Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) in the SCM123 coordinate system (scm1 = - x sensor; scm2 = -z sensor; scm3 = -y sensor). This data product is computed in space from individual components that are not synchronized to the 1 second pulse. Therefore, the timing between channels can be inaccurate by a fraction of a second. The samples times are interval start times taken from the x component. The spectra are calculated via a 1024-point FFT algorithm on piecewise continuous sets of waveform data. Nine signals can be processed simultaneously. Six of the twelve DC-coupled E, DC-coupled V, or SCM signals (16384 samples/s) are selected for spectral processing at 100% duty cycle. In addition, the three AC-coupled signals (262,144 kS/s) each can be processed at 6.25% duty cycle. Each of the nine signals has 16, 1024-point FFT operations every second; the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) performs 144 FFTs per second. The FFT is performed by an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which is controlled by a state machine. Both are hard-coded into the FPGA. The operation starts by applying a 1024-point Hanning window onto a waveform. Next, an FFT is implemented. The FFT is broken into a series of "butterfly" operations performed by the ALU. The result has real and imaginary data. Power spectra are calculated by taking the sum of squares of real and imaginary values (the ALU includes a multiplier), which produces a power spectrum with 512 frequency bins. The frequency bins are then combined to give pseudo-logarithmic frequency spacing (del f)/f. The spectra are reduced to 88 frequency bins with (del f)/f between 6% and 12% when possible. Narrow-band emissions can be fit to an accuracy of (del f)/f ~3%, allowing for an accurate determination of plasma density. The spectra can be averaged in time. The fastest reporting rate of any signal is 16 spectra per second. Reporting rates can be as slow a one spectra every 16 s (averaging 256 spectra). The averaging process has 48-bit accuracy to maximize the dynamic range. The amplitudes undergo a pseudo-logarithmic compression to an 8-bit number representing over 120 dB of dynamic range at ~5% precision.
THEMIS-C: Probe Electric Field Instrument and Search Coil Magnetometer Instrument, Digital Fields Board - digitally computed Filter Bank spectra and E12 peak and average in HF band (FBK).
The Filter Bank is part of the Digital fields board and provides band-pass filtering for EFI and SCM spectra as well as E12HF peak and average value calculations. The Filter Bank provides band-pass filtering for less computationally and power intensive spectra than the FFT would provide. The process is as follows: Signals are fed to the Filter Bank via a low-pass FIR filter with a cut-off frequency half that of the original signal maximum. The output is passed to the band-pass filters, is differenced from the original signal, then absolute value of the data is taken and averaged. The output from the low-pass filter is also sent to a second FIR filter with 2:1 decimation. This output is then fed back through the system. The process runs through 12 cascades for input at 8,192 samples/s and 13 for input at 16,384 samples/sec (EAC input only), reducing the signal and computing power by a factor 2 at each cascade. At each cascade a set of data is produced at a sampling frequency of 2^n from 2 Hz to the initial sampling frequency (frequency characteristics for each step are shown below in Table 1). The average from the Filter Bank is compressed to 8 bits with a pseudo-logarithmic encoder. The data is stored in sets of six frequency bins at 2.689 kHz, 572 Hz, 144.2 Hz, 36.2 Hz, 9.05 Hz, and 2.26 Hz. The average of the coupled E12HF signal and it's peak value are recorded over 62.5 ms windows (i.e. a 16 Hz sampling rate). Accumulation of values from signal 31.25 ms windows is performed externally. The analog signals fed into the FBK are E12DC and SCM1. Sensor and electronics design provided by UCB (J. W. Bonnell, F. S. Mozer), Digital Fields Board provided by LASP (R. Ergun), Search coil data provided by CETP (A. Roux). Table 1: Frequency Properties. Cascade Frequency content of Input Signal Low-pass Filter Cutoff Frequency Freuency Content of Low-pass Output Signal Filter Bank Frequency Band 0* 0 - 8 kHz 4 kHz 0 - 4 kHz 4 - 8 kHz 1 0 - 4 kHz 2 kHz 0 - 2 kHz 2 - 4 kHz 2 0 - 2 kHz 1 kHz 0 - 1 kHz 1 - 2 kHz 3 0 - 1 kHz 512 Hz 0 - 512 Hz 512 Hz - 1 kHz 4 0 - 512 Hz 256 Hz 0 - 256 Hz 256 - 512 Hz 5 0 - 256 Hz 128 Hz 0 - 128 Hz 128 - 256 Hz 6 0 - 128 Hz 64 Hz 0 - 64 Hz 64 - 128 Hz 7 0 - 64 Hz 32 Hz 0 - 32 Hz 32 - 64 Hz 8 0 - 32 Hz 16 Hz 0 - 16 Hz 16 - 32 Hz 9 0 - 16 Hz 8 Hz 0 - 8 Hz 8 - 16 Hz 10 0 - 8 Hz 4 Hz 0 - 4 Hz 4 - 8 Hz 11 0 - 4 Hz 2 Hz 0 - 2 Hz 2 - 4 Hz 12 0 - 2 Hz 1 Hz 0 - 1 Hz 1 - 2 Hz *Only available for 16,384 Hz sampling.
MMS 4 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM), Magnetic Field Power Spectral Density, Level 2 (L2), Slow Mode, 16 s Data
The MMS magnetic field power spectral density (BPSD) is computed onboard by the Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The fast Fourier transform (FFT) calculation is performed on a digitized version of analog signals from the Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) in the SCM123 coordinate system (scm1 = - x sensor; scm2 = -z sensor; scm3 = -y sensor). This data product is computed in space from individual components that are not synchronized to the 1 second pulse. Therefore, the timing between channels can be inaccurate by a fraction of a second. The samples times are interval start times taken from the x component. The spectra are calculated via a 1024-point FFT algorithm on piecewise continuous sets of waveform data. Nine signals can be processed simultaneously. Six of the twelve DC-coupled E, DC-coupled V, or SCM signals (16384 samples/s) are selected for spectral processing at 100% duty cycle. In addition, the three AC-coupled signals (262,144 kS/s) each can be processed at 6.25% duty cycle. Each of the nine signals has 16, 1024-point FFT operations every second; the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) performs 144 FFTs per second. The FFT is performed by an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which is controlled by a state machine. Both are hard-coded into the FPGA. The operation starts by applying a 1024-point Hanning window onto a waveform. Next, an FFT is implemented. The FFT is broken into a series of "butterfly" operations performed by the ALU. The result has real and imaginary data. Power spectra are calculated by taking the sum of squares of real and imaginary values (the ALU includes a multiplier), which produces a power spectrum with 512 frequency bins. The frequency bins are then combined to give pseudo-logarithmic frequency spacing (del f)/f. The spectra are reduced to 88 frequency bins with (del f)/f between 6% and 12% when possible. Narrow-band emissions can be fit to an accuracy of (del f)/f ~3%, allowing for an accurate determination of plasma density. The spectra can be averaged in time. The fastest reporting rate of any signal is 16 spectra per second. Reporting rates can be as slow a one spectra every 16 s (averaging 256 spectra). The averaging process has 48-bit accuracy to maximize the dynamic range. The amplitudes undergo a pseudo-logarithmic compression to an 8-bit number representing over 120 dB of dynamic range at ~5% precision.
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Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.