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307 results for “Ornithischia”
Figure 5 in A juvenile skull of Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki (Ornithischia: Iguanodontia), and implications for cranial ontogeny, phylogeny, and taxonomy in ornithopod dinosaurs
Figure 5. Comparison of two preserved jugals of Dysalotosaurus in lateral view. A, left jugal of the juvenile skull BSPG AS I 834. B, left jugal of the relatively older individual dyB (MB.R.1333). Note the ontogenetic differences of the lacrimal facet (lf) and the postorbital facet (pof). Scale bar: 1 cm.
Figure 3 in A juvenile skull of Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki (Ornithischia: Iguanodontia), and implications for cranial ontogeny, phylogeny, and taxonomy in ornithopod dinosaurs
Figure 3. Stereo pairs of the skull BSPG AS I 834 and explanatory sketches. The sketches are relatively enlarged for better resolution. Dark grey illustrates sediment, light grey illustrates inner views of, e.g. the frontals or the dentaries, and hatched areas illustrate broken or corroded surfaces. The label affixes -r and -l stand for right and left of the respective element, where the distinction of each side is difficult to see. A, right lateral view. B, outline drawing of the ventral view. C, outline drawing of the right lateral view. D, ventral view. See Material and methods for a list of the abbreviations. Scale bars: 1 cm.
Figure 7 in A juvenile skull of Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki (Ornithischia: Iguanodontia), and implications for cranial ontogeny, phylogeny, and taxonomy in ornithopod dinosaurs
Figure 7. Comparison of the cranial base of two individuals of Dysalotosaurus. Small arrows indicate the location of the suture between the basioccipital and the basisphenoid. Larger arrows indicate the location of the tuberi basioccipitalia. Note also the shape of the ventral lip of the occipital condyle. A, the large cranial base of dyA (MB.R.1373) consists of the basioccipital, the basisphenoid with the long ventral basipterygoid processes, and the anteriorly incomplete parasphenoid; left lateral view. B, the smallest known cranial base (MB.R.3536) consists of the basioccipital and the posterior half of the basisphenoid; left lateral view. C, same as (B); ventral view. D, Same as (A), ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm.
Figure 5 in Reappraisal and new material of the holotype of Draconyx loureiroi (Ornithischia: Iguanodontia) provide insights on the tempo and modo of evolution of thumb-spiked dinosaurs
Figure 5. Manual elements of Draconyx loureiroi holotype ML 357 (ML 357 1-5, 20-26), including articulated partial carpus, manual phalanges and unguals (A–L). Articulated partial carpus (ML 357 – 5) in extensor view (A), right phalanx n.1(ML 357 – 4) in dorsal view (B), lateral view (B1), proximal view (B2) and distal view (B3), left phalanx n.2 (ML 357 – 22) in dorsal view (C), lateral view (C1), proximal view (C2) and distal view (C3), left phalanx n.3 (ML 357 – 21) in dorsal view (D), lateral view (D1), proximal view (D2) and distal view (D3), left phalanx n.4 (ML 357 – 24) in dorsal view (E), lateral view (E1), proximal view (E2) and distal view (E3), isolated distal ends of tarsals (ML 357 – 25,26) in extensor view (F, G), left ungual phalanx n.1 in dorsal view (D), mediolateral view (D1) and proximal view (D2), left ungual phalanx n.1 (ML 357- 1) in dorsal view (H), mediolateral view (H1) and proximal view (H2), right ungual phalanx n.2 (ML 357 – 2) in dorsal view (I), mediolateral view (I1) and proximal view (I2), right ungual phalanx n.3 (ML 357 – 3) in dorsal view (J), mediolateral view (J1) and proximal view (J2), left ungual phalanx n.4 in dorsal view (K), mediolateral view (K1) and proximal view (K2), ungual phalanx n.5 (ML 357 – 20) in dorsal view (L), mediolateral view (L1) and proximal view (L2).
Figure 3 in Reappraisal and new material of the holotype of Draconyx loureiroi (Ornithischia: Iguanodontia) provide insights on the tempo and modo of evolution of thumb-spiked dinosaurs
Figure 3. General overview of Draconyx loureiroi holotype ML 357 post-cranial skeleton. Caudal vertebrae (K-M) in left lateral view. Right femur (A–E) in frontal (A), medial (B), caudal (C), lateral (D) and distal (E) views. Right tibia in medial (F) and lateral (G) views. Proximal end of the fibula in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. Right articulated pes in dorsal (N) and medial (Q) view. Pedal digit III (O) and pedal digit II (P) in dorsal view.
Figure 16 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 16. Scelidosaurus. The matching of the curvature of opposing dentitions. A, right mandible in dorsal view (NHMUK R1111). B, reconstruction of the left half of the skull in ventral view (after Norman, 2020a: fig. 10).
Figure 29 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 29. Scelidosaurus. Myological mapping. Scapula and coracoid, based on the lectotype NHMUK R1111 (A, lateral; B, medial). Humerus, based on the referred specimen BRSMG LEGL 0005 (C, posterior; D, anterior). After Norman (2020b: figs 56, 58, 63). Abbreviations: bi, m. biceps; cuc, m. cucullaris; br, m. brachialis; dc, clavicular deltoid; ds, scapular deltoid; ld-tm, mm. latissimus dorsi-teres major; p, m. pectoralis; sbs, m. subscapularis; sh, m. scapulohumeralis; sc, m. supracoracoideus; scc, m. subcoracoideus; tra-ls, mm. trapezius-levator scapulae. Scale bars in centimetres.
Figure 5 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 5. Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) – the Green Turtle. External skull anatomy. A, lateral and B, dorsal views, illustrating the superficial cranial osteology. C, lateral and D, dorsal views showing the distribution of keratinous scutes. Norman, pers. colln (ex-University of Cambridge Zoology Department teaching collection). Scale bar indicated. Abbreviations: au, auditory recess; au.sc, auditory recess scute covering; tom, the chelonian tomium (= rhamphotheca of Scelidosaurus).
Figure 3 in Cranial anatomy and systematics of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, and a comparative analysis of skull growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)
Figure 3. Skull of a subadult Hypacrosaurus altispinus, CMN 2246, in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views. Shaded areas in outline drawings represent regions obscured by plaster reconstruction. See text for list of anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar: 5 cm.
Figure 10 in Cranial anatomy and systematics of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, and a comparative analysis of skull growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)
Figure 10. Braincase of Hypacrosaurus altispinus. AMNH 5248, skull roof in dorsal view (A), and ventral view with basicranial region removed (B). CMN 2246, caudolateral wall of braincase in lateroventral view (C). Roman numerals indicate foramina for corresponding cranial nerves. See text for list of anatomical abbreviations. Scale bars: 5 cm in (A) and (B); 3 cm in (C).
Figure 13 in Cranial anatomy and systematics of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, and a comparative analysis of skull growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)
Figure 13. Hypothetical cranial growth series of Corythosaurus casuarius (top), Hypacrosaurus altispinus (middle), and Lambeosaurus lambei (bottom), drawn approximately to scale. The individual specimens are positioned on the corresponding scale according to their percentage maximum observed skull length. Scale bar: 20 cm.
Figure 5 in Cranial anatomy and systematics of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, and a comparative analysis of skull growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)
Figure 5. Premaxilla and nasal bones of Hypacrosaurus altispinus in lateral view. A, ROM 702, articulated premaxilla– nasal crest. B, ROM 702, rostral region of the premaxilla. Grey regions represented the nasal cavities. C, CMN 8675, articulated premaxilla–nasal crest. See text for list of anatomical abbreviations. Scale bars: 10 cm.
Figure 2 in Cranial anatomy and systematics of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, and a comparative analysis of skull growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)
Figure 2. Skull of a juvenile Hypacrosaurus altispinus, CMN 2247, in lateral (A, B) and dorsal (C) views. The shaded areas in outline drawings represent regions obscured by plaster reconstruction. See text for list of anatomical abbreviations. Scale bars: 5 cm.
Figure 4 in Cranial anatomy and systematics of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, and a comparative analysis of skull growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)
Figure 4. Skulls of Hypacrosaurus altispinus in lateral view. A, TMP 82.10.01, subadult skull. B, CMN 8501, grey areas represent mounting hardware. See text for list of anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar: 20 cm.
Figure 11 in Cranial anatomy and systematics of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, and a comparative analysis of skull growth in lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)
Figure 11. Braincase of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, ROM 702, in dorsal (A), ventral (B), caudal (C), and right lateral (D) views. See text for list of anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar: 5 cm.
Figure 41 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 41. Cladogram manipulation using MacClade. In this example Scutellosaurus* has been positioned as the proximate sister-taxon to the clade Thyreophora. Tree length is calculated to be 229 steps, which is three steps longer than the most parsimonious trees obtained by the analysis of this dataset. The re-positioning of Scutellosaurus, if it could be supported by additional data, might justify a redefinition of the taxon Thyreophoroidea, as indicated on this branch. Note: an additional adjustment, which involves a single step increase (230 steps), positions Jinyunpelta (albeit tentatively =?) as a basal ankylosaurid on the basis of its possession of a tail club (in conformity with Coombs, 1978a).
Figure 38 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 38. Early (non-numerical) cladistics-based attempt to establish a topology for armoured (thyreophoran) dinosaurs within the clade Ornithischia. This topology is derived from Sereno (1986: fig. 3).
Figure 17 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 17. Scelidosaurus. Occlusal views of maxillary and dentary dentitions. A, separated dentitions. B, alignment of dentitions during occlusion – the bowing of each dentition match to permit orthal pulping or intermittent tooth-tooth occlusion. C, malocclusion modelled by the propalinal displacement of the dentary, creating a zone where the dentitions cross over (starred). D, two modes of jaw closure: Di, represents the non-occlusal orthal pulping of vegetation; Dii shows high-angle occlusion between opposing crowns that creates shear to cut vegetable fibres and generates steep wear facets on adjacent crown surfaces. Both modes of occlusion occur at intervals along the dentitions. Abbreviations: Dent, dentary dentition; Max, maxillary dentition; Malocc, malocclusion created by propalinal displacement of the dentary; Occ, normal occlusal relationship of the dentitions. Arrows indicate direction of movement. Starred symbol indicates region where dentitions cross, creating the potential for damage to the teeth caught in opposition.
Figure 24. A in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 24. A simplified phylogeny of dinosaurs (after Baron et al., 2017b). Note that gastralia are lost independently in sauropods and ornithischians but retained in all other clades [being also lost independently in the derived, powered flight-capable, Theropoda (= birds)].
Figure 34 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships
Figure 34. Scelidosaurus cf. harrisonii. Femur (NHMUK OR41322) crushed proximally, but showing a welldeveloped 4th trochanter that is secondarily thickened by the addition of a layer of metaplastic bone over its surface. The metaplastic bone derives from calcification of the caudifemoral tendons where they attach to the trochanter. Abbreviations: 4tr, 4th trochanter; fc, fibular condyle; mpb, metaplastic bone; tc, tibial condyle. Scale bar in centimetres.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.