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8,729 results for “Ranges”
Experimental repatriation of snowshoe hares along a southern range boundary reveals historical community interactions
<p>Climate change is altering interspecific interactions globally, yet community-level responses are difficult to predict due to both the direct and indirect effects of changing abiotic and biotic conditions. Snowshoe hares (<i>Lepus americanus</i>) are particularly vulnerable to decreasing snow cover and resultant camouflage mismatch. This species shares a suite of predators with alternative prey species including porcupines (<i>Erethizon dorsatum</i>) and ruffed grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>), and all three species historically exhibited synchronized population dynamics. Recently, the community has become partially disassembled, notably with the loss of snowshoe hares and associated enemy-mediated indirect interactions resulting from declining snow duration. Specifically, we hypothesized that the extirpation of hares in the early 1990s indirectly increased predation pressure on ruffed grouse and porcupines. To test our hypothesis, we experimentally translocated 96 snowshoe hares to a site within a regional ecotone between northern and southern forests where snowshoe hares were recently extirpated and monitored community members before, during and after translocation. Ruffed grouse were only loosely associated with the biotic interactions that linked porcupines and snowshoe hares, likely due to predation occurring from avian predators and strong negative direct effects of declining winter snow depths. In contrast, predation of neonate porcupines was virtually non-existent following repatriation, compared to periods without hares. This abrupt attenuation of predation did not increase overall survival due to increased non-predation mortality from cold, early spring weather. Porcupines directly benefitted from warming winters: decreased snow cover increased adult survival and warmer temperatures around parturition increased maternal condition and reduced non-predation causes of mortality for neonates. Our experimental manipulation suggests that enemy-mediated indirect interactions were likely important features of this community; however, climate change has disrupted these interactions, resulting in extirpation of a central prey species (snowshoe hare) and increased predation of an alternative prey species (porcupine). We show complex effects from climate change with some species directly and negatively affected, while others benefitted from direct effects of warming winters, but suffered negative effects from indirect interactions. Absent snowshoe hares and associated biotic interactions, continued persistence of this community module is unlikely, potentially resulting in altered no-analogue communities along trailing edge distributions.</p>
Dual chirped microcomb based parallel ranging at megapixel-line rates
<p>Available data for manuscript: "Dual chirped microcomb based parallel ranging at megapixel-line rates"</p> <p>Arxiv version: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03952</p> <p>Execution tested with Matlab 2019a or newer on Windows. Unzip folder to access files.</p> <p>For Figures and SI Figures execute "Figure*.m" files in corresponding subfolders.<br> Contact anton.lukashchuk@epfl.ch or anton.lukashchuk@skolkovotech.ru if problems with matlab code arise. <br> All matlab code remains under copyright by the authors: Anton Lukashchuk and Johann Riemensberger; the code is provided solely to be used to reproduce the figures of the aforementioned paper.</p> <p>Raw data for the figures is stored in folder .\Data. GDS file of Si3N4 photonic damascene waveguide resonators is stored in folder: GDS_design. </p>
Data for: Evaluation of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant with ozonation and different post-treatments using a broad range of in vitro and in vivo bioassays
<p>This repository contains research data linked to the following publication: Kienle, C., Werner, I., Fischer, S., Lüthi, C., Schifferli, A., Besselink, H., Langer, M., McArdell, C.S. and Vermeirssen, E.L.M. 2022. Evaluation of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant with ozonation and different post-treatments using a broad range of <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> bioassays. Water Research, 118084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118084</p> <p>Abstract: Micropollutants present in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) after biological treatment are largely eliminated by effective advanced technologies such as ozonation. Discharge of contaminants into freshwater ecosystems can thus be minimized, while simultaneously protecting drinking water resources. However, ozonation can lead to reactive and potentially toxic transformation products. To remove these, the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment recommends additional "post-treatment" of ozonated WWTP effluent using sand filtration, but other treatments may be similarly effective. In this study, 48 h composite wastewater samples were collected before and after full-scale ozonation, and after post-treatments (full-scale sand filtration, pilot-scale fresh and pre-loaded granular activated carbon, and fixed and moving beds). Ecotoxicological tests were performed to quantify the changes in water quality following different treatment steps. These included standard <em>in vitro</em> bioassays for the detection of endocrine, genotoxic and mutagenic effects, as well as toxicity to green algae and bacteria, and flow-through <em>in vivo</em> bioassays using oligochaetes and early life stages of rainbow trout.</p> <p>Results show that ozonation reduced a number of ecotoxicological effects of biologically treated wastewater by 66 - 93 %: It improved growth and photosynthesis of green algae, decreased toxicity to luminescent bacteria, reduced concentrations of hormonally active contaminants and significantly changed expression of biomarker genes in rainbow trout liver. Bioassay results showed that ozonation did not produce problematic levels of reaction products overall. Small increases in toxicity observed in a few samples were reduced or eliminated by post-treatments. However, only relatively fresh granular activated carbon (analyzed at 13,000 - 20,000 bed volumes) significantly reduced effects additionally (by up to 66 %) compared to ozonation alone. Inhibition of algal photosynthesis, rainbow trout liver histopathology and biomarker gene expression proved to be sufficiently sensitive endpoints to detect the change in water quality achieved by post-treatment.</p>
Neural relational inference to learn long-range allosteric interactions in proteins from molecular dynamics simulations
<p>MD simulations used in the studies of the publication "<strong>Neural relational inference to learn long-range allosteric interactions in proteins from molecular dynamics simulations</strong>"</p>
Observing emergent hydrodynamics in a long-range quantum magnet
<p>Here lies the experimental data and the analysis codes for the manuscript titled "Observing emergent hydrodynamics in a long-range quantum magnet" to be published in Science.</p>
Global Dataset of Shark and Chimaera Ranges
<p>This is a dataset of 534 shark and chimaera ranges as spatial polygons in a .json file type. Collated from the literature and shared with the IUCN.</p>
Dataset for Aqueous habitats and carbon inputs shape the microscale geography and interaction ranges of soil bacteria
<p>This repository hosts data for the paper entitled: "<em>Aqueous habitats and carbon inputs shape the microscale geography and interaction ranges of soil bacteria</em>" by Samuel Bickel and Dani Or.</p> <p>The following files are provided:</p> <p><strong>Microcosm experiment:</strong></p> <p>- Fluorescence microscopy images of the microcosm experiment (*.tif)</p> <p>- Code used for extracting cell locations from images (image_analysis.py)</p> <p><strong>Global model estimates from the bacterial interactions heuristic model:</strong></p> <p>- Maps of estimated cell density and proportion of biomass associated with anoxic cell clusters (*.nc)</p> <p> </p>
Data for Yunjun et al. (2022) on SAR Range Geolocation
<p>This repository contains the data used in Yunjun et al. (2022, IEEE-TGRS).</p> <ul> <li>Yunjun, Z., Fattahi, H., Pi, X., Rosen, P., Simons, M., Agram, P., & Aoki, Y. (2022). Range Geolocation Accuracy of C-/L-band SAR and its Implications for Operational Stack Coregistration. <em>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 60</em>, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3168509">10.1109/TGRS.2022.3168509</a>.</li> </ul> <p>It includes the following 3 test sites:</p> <ul> <li>Sentinel-1 ascending track 149 in northern Chile</li> <li>Sentinel-1 descending track 156 in northern Chile</li> <li>ALOS-2 descending track 23 in southern Kyushu, Japan</li> </ul> <p>For each test site, it includes the following datasets:</p> <ul> <li>SAR range and azimuth offset stack (using <a href="https://github.com/isce-framework/isce2">ISCE-2</a> / <a href="https://github.com/isce-framework/isce2/tree/main/contrib/PyCuAmpcor">PyCuAmpcor</a>)</li> <li>SAR range offset time series (using <a href="https://github.com/insarlab/MintPy">MintPy</a>)</li> <li>JPL high-resolution Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM) and the topside TEC for ChileSenAT149.</li> <li>Solid Earth tides prediction (using <a href="https://github.com/insarlab/PySolid">PySolid</a>)</li> <li>ERA5 tropospheric delay prediction (using <a href="https://github.com/insarlab/PyAPS">PyAPS</a>)</li> </ul> <p>Useful links:</p> <ul> <li>HDF-EOS5 file (*.he5) structure is described in <a href="https://mintpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/hdfeos5/">https://mintpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/hdfeos5/</a>.</li> <li>HDF5/MintPy file (*.h5) structure is described in <a href="https://mintpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api/data_structure/">https://mintpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api/data_structure/</a>.</li> <li>Related Notebooks at <a href="https://github.com/yunjunz/2022-Geolocation">https://github.com/yunjunz/2022-Geolocation</a>.</li> </ul>
Data from: Integrating tracking and resight data enables unbiased inferences about migratory connectivity and winter range survival from archival tags
<p>Archival geolocators have transformed the study of small, migratory organisms but analysis of data from these devices requires bias correction because tags are only recovered from individuals that survive and are re-captured at their tagging location. Data and code provided in this repository can be used to replicate the simulation and Painted Bunting case study results presented by Rushing et al. (2021) showing that integrating geolocator recovery data and mark–resight data enables unbiased estimates of both migratory connectivity between breeding and nonbreeding populations and region-specific survival probabilities for wintering locations.</p>
Data and R codes: species range-size variation in oaks
<p>We used occurrence data of 183 oak species (<em>Quercus </em>spp.) in North and South America to test how niche breadth and niche position affect the amount of suitable habitat area, and how colonization ability and post-glacial migration lags affect range filling. This dataset includes the data and R files related to the analyses. </p>
Data and code for: Grain size of fluvial gravel bars from close-range UAV imagery – uncertainty in segmentation-based data
<p>UAV images used for SfM model generation and all images (both SI and OM), in which we measured grain sizes. The code used for image processing and uncertainty estimation of grain size distributions as python files and executable jupyter notebooks, where the latter also serve as documentation.</p>
Fig. 1 in Uzbekistan - The Alleged Native Range Of The Invasive Ant Lasius Neglectus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): Geographical, Ecological And Biological Evidences
Fig. 1. Collection sites of Lasius neglectus in Uzbekistan (1–20) and Tajikistan (21). Note: numbering of collection sites as in table 1; the bold line encircles the assumed native range of L. neglectus.
Fig. 4 in Home Ranges Of The Red Fox, Vulpes Vulpes (Carnivora, Canidae) And European Badger, Meles Meles (Carnivora, Mustelidae), In Oak Forests Of Slobozhanshchyna, Ukraine
Fig. 4. Winter average monthly temperatures in Kharkiv City in 2007–2009 and 2011 (http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru).
Fig. 1 in Interspecific Interactions as a Factor of Limitation of Geographical Distribution: Evidence Obtained by Modeling Home Ranges of Vole Twin Species Microtus Arvalis – M. Levis (Rodentia, Microtidae)
Fig. 1. Potential distribution of the Common vole Microtus arvalis. White circles are georeferenced occurrences of genetically identified individuals; black indicates areas of maximum habitat suitability, white are areas of lowest suitability.
Supplementary Materials for 'Mobile device-based Bluetooth Low Energy Database for range estimation in collaborative positioning'
<p>Supplementary Materials for 'Mobile device-based Bluetooth Low Energy Database for range estimation in collaborative positioning'</p> <p>This package contains a collaborative BLE-RSS database, which considers different collaborative set-ups involving five mobile devices. The database is composed of three main subdirectories (Raw-Data, Processed-Data, and Code). The Code directory contains the Matlab script files used to process the raw data, visualize the processed data, and usage examples of the data provided. Further information is provided in the Readme file.</p>
Diversification in the Rosales is influenced by dispersal, geographic range size, and pre-existing species richness
<p>Biodiversity results from origination and extinction; thus there is interest in determining those traits that influence this balance. Among traits implicated in the success or failure of lineages are dispersal, colonization ability, and geographic range size. We investigate the impact of dispersal and range size on contemporary diversity in the order Rosales.</p> <p> We use the MuSSE method to explore the effects on genus-level diversification of two genus-level traits (geographic range size and within-genus proclivity to speciate), and two species traits (seed dispersal and growth habit). We then used MuHiSSE for species-level associations. Finally, we conducted a PGLS (phylogenetic least-squares) analysis to distinguish between speciation within genera versus origination of new genera.</p> <p>At the species-level, animal dispersal enhances diversification rate in both woody and herbaceous lineages, while woody lineages without animal dispersal have higher extinction rates than speciation rates. At the genus level, herbaceous taxa have positive diversification rates regardless of other character states. Diversification rate variation is also explained by two interactions: (1) a three-way interaction between large geographic range, animal-mediated dispersal, and high within-genus species richness, whereby genera possessing all three traits have high diversification rates, and (2) a four-way interaction by which the three-way interaction is stronger in woody genera than in herbaceous genera.</p> <p>Colonization ability may underlie the relationship between dispersal type and range size and may influence past diversification rates by decreasing extinction rates during late Cenozoic times of climate volatility. Thus, colonization ability could be used to predict future extinction risk to improve conservation success.</p> <p>Please be aware that if you ask to have your user record removed, we will retain your name in the records concerning manuscripts for which you were an author, reviewer, or editor. In compliance with data protection regulations, you may request that we remove your personal registration details at any time. (Use the following URL: https://www.editorialmanager.com/ajb/login.asp?a=r). Please contact the publication office if you have any questions.</p>
FIG. 1 in Revised stratigraphic range of the Toarcian ammonite genus Porpoceras Buckman, 1911
FIG. 1. — Early and Middle Toarcian ammonite biostratigraphy for the NW European realm, with stratigraphic occurrences of the genus Porpoceras Buckman, 1911 in the NW European realm and Morocco (Guex 1973). Modified after Rulleau et al. (2013).
Whole-genome analysis of multiple wood ant population pairs supports similar speciation histories, but different degrees of gene flow, across their European ranges
<p>The application of demographic history modelling and inference to the study of divergence between species has become a cornerstone of speciation genomics. Speciation histories are usually reconstructed by analysing single populations from each species, assuming that the inferred population history represents the actual speciation history. However, this assumption may not be met when species diverge with gene flow, e.g., when secondary contact may be confined to specific geographic regions. Here, we tested whether divergence histories inferred from heterospecific populations may vary depending on their geographic locations, using the two wood ant species <em>Formica polyctena</em> and <em>F. aquilonia</em>. We performed whole-genome resequencing of 20 individuals sampled in multiple locations across the European ranges of both species. Then, we reconstructed the histories of distinct heterospecific population pairs using a coalescent-based approach. Our analyses always supported a scenario of divergence with gene flow, suggesting that divergence started in the Pleistocene (ca. 500 kya) and occurred with continuous asymmetrical gene flow from <em>F. aquilonia</em> to <em>F. polyctena</em> until a recent time, when migration became negligible (2-19 kya). However, we found support for contemporary gene flow in a sympatric pair from Finland, where the species hybridise, but no signature of recent bidirectional gene flow elsewhere. Overall, our results suggest that divergence histories reconstructed from a few individuals may be applicable at the species level. Nonetheless, the geographical context of populations chosen to represent their species should be taken into account, as it may affect estimates of migration rates between species when gene flow is spatially heterogeneous.</p>
EcoPhyloMapper: an R package for integrating geographic ranges, phylogeny, and morphology
<p>1. Spatial patterns of species richness, phylogenetic and morphological diversity are key to answering many questions in ecology and evolution. Across spatial scales, geographic and environmental features, as well as evolutionary history and phenotypic traits, are thought to play roles in shaping both local species communities and regional assemblages. By examining these geographic patterns, it is possible to infer how different axes of biodiversity influence one another, and how their interaction with abiotic factors has led to the spatial distribution of species assemblages – and their attributes – that we observe in the present. Although there has been interest in this area of research for some time, it has recently become more tractable to include multivariate shape data in such analyses. Shape information has the potential to provide a more direct measure of the functional morphology of species as compared to individual trait measurements and might be more relevant to understanding community composition. However, few tools currently exist to explore geographic patterns of both phylogenetic and shape diversity.</p> <p>2. We present the ecoPhyloMapper R package (epm) that aims to streamline the handling of geographic range polygons or point occurrences and integration of resulting species metacommunities with phylogenetic trees and morphological shape.</p> <p>3. Geographic maps can be generated that demonstrate spatial patterns in diversity metrics pertaining to phylogenetic similarity, multivariate shape similarity and disparity, and combinations of the two. Patterns of taxonomic, phylogenetic and shape disparity turnover can also be visualized. Biodiversity indices summarized across grid cells can easily be exported to GIS software as well as to other R packages that specialize in community assembly or geospatial statistics.</p> <p>4. This R package will facilitate the geographic exploration of multivariate shape data in concert with phylogenetic diversity, which will in turn support macroecological research exploring how species assemblages are structured. Further, this R package should prove useful across a wide range of macroecological applications that extend beyond the study of morphology.</p>
Optical constants of several multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the 300-1700 nm range: high-index, anisotropy, and hyperbolicity
<p># Data and plotting code for "Optical constants of several multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the 300-1700 nm range: high-index, anisotropy, and hyperbolicity" by Battulga Munkhbat, Piotr Wróbel, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz, and Timur O. Shegai, ACS Photonics (2022); https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00433</p> <p><br> ## Contents</p> <p>* <TMD-material>: directories with raw and derived data for all 10 TMDs<br> * f3_dataset_*_nm_ex1_ex2_ey1_ey2_ez1_ez2.txt: obtained permittivities<br> * plot_*_v1.m: Matlab scripts for plotting data</p> <p>## Description of the data</p> <p>The raw and derived data stored in directories <TMD> contain the following files:</p> <p>* <TMD>/<date>-<TMD>.SEsnap: binary data file with collected data, CompleteEASE format<br> * <TMD>/<date>-<TMD>-E*.mat: ascii text file with permittivity data separated into individual components as exported from CompleteEASE software<br> * <TMD>/<date>-<TMD>-full.mat: ascii text file with fitted model parameters as exported from CompleteEASE software<br> * <TMD>/<TMD>-data/*.txt: selected raw data and fits for all considered samples (Mueller Matrix or Delta/Psi/depolarization).</p> <p>The structure of the data file names is as follows:<br> <order-number-in-CompleteEASE>-s<sample-name>-<data-type>.txt for general ellipsometry (delta, psi, depolarization) or<br> <order-number-in-CompleteEASE>-s<sample-name>-o<in-plane-sample-rotation-number>-mm.txt for Mueller Matrix measurements.</p> <p>The following two scripts can be used to plot the raw measured data (solig lines) along with corresponding fits (black dotted lines):</p> <p>* plot_mm_v1.m: Matlab script for plotting Mueller Matrix data for WTe2 and ReS2<br> * plot_psi_delta_depol_v1.m: Matlab script for plotting psi, delta, and depolarization data for other TMDs</p> <p>The diagonal permittivity tensor data are saved in the f3_dataset_*_nm_ex1_ex2_ey1_ey2_ez1_ez2.txt files which can be plotted using the plot_permittivity_v1.m Matlab script. The format of this file is as follows:</p> <p>wavelength in nanometers; real part of epsilon_xx; imaginary part of epsilon_xx; real part of epsilon_yy; imaginary part of epsilon_yy; real part of epsilon_zz; imaginary part of epsilon_zz;</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.