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371 results for “forest ecosystem”
Data from: Tree species richness increases ecosystem carbon storage in subtropical forests
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Evidence of reproduction in the wild demonstrates initial success for reintroducing a critically endangered saproxylic hoverfly to a Scottish forest ecosystem
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Ecosystem functions in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems across the East African coastal forest landscape
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Moose occurrence data in Bohemian Forest Ecosystem
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Soil organic carbon accumulation modes between pioneer and old-growth forest ecosystems
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eDNA captures depth partitioning in a kelp forest ecosystem
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How does forest conversion and fragmentation affect ant communities and the ecosystem processes that they mediate?
<b>Description: </b><p>Data collected by Tom M. Fayle and Kalsum M. Yusah, Robert M. Ewers was the principal investigator<br>With the assistance of Oli Ashford, Emma Garnet, Imogen Ogilvie and Ed Turner<br>Uploaded by Michael J. W. Boyle<br>Data collected on SAFE sites in Benta and at Maliau between 29/06/2012 to 14/12/2011<br>Abundances are observations of numbers of ants entering a 12 cm by 14 cm plastic card, laid flat in the leaf litter, baited with 30 compressed dried earthworm pellets of a range of sizes over a 40 minute period<br>Collections were made from two of each of the triplets of first order sampling points. All triplets were visited, with the exception of the oil palm, logged forest and primary forest controls, where 2/3 of the triplets were visited.<br>Species were identified from vouchers, and vouchers were not collected for all species at all sites, hence the unidentified species (these can be used to calculate total ant abundance and species richness at a bait card, but not total species richness or anything involving trophic levels or sizes). 98% of ant individuals observed and 93% of ant occurrences had an associated voucher collected<br><br>There are six files that together contain all the ant bait removal data: ""ant attendance"", ""ant attendance summary"", ""bait locations"", ""bait removals"", ""ant IDs"" and ""morphospecies""<br><br>For ""ant attendence""<br>""Site"" refers to SAFE sampling site location<br>""Species"" refers to the ant species number within that site (ranges from 1 up to 2 or 3, occasionally more)<br>""Time.Period"" refers to the start time of the five minute period for which ant attendance at the bait was recorded.<br>""Abundance"" refers to the abundance within that five minute period.<br>Note that only non-zero abundances are recorded. For all time period*species*sites combinations not listed, the abundance is zero<br><br>For ""ant attendance summary""<br>""Site"" refers to SAFE sampling site location<br>""Date"" is date of field sampling<br>""Block"" is the SAFE sampling area<br>Columns then refer to morphospecies numbers (following identification in the lab), with entries being totals of ants entering the bait cards over the entire 40 minute period. This has been generated using the ""ant IDs"" in combination with the ""ant attendance"" data<br><br>For ""bait locations""<br>The rows relate to the ""Sheet number"" column in the ""bait removals"" file.<br>The columns relate to the thirty (5*6) bait locations on the bait card, specifically in relation to the numbers in the ""bait removals"" file.<br>The entries relate to the bait sizes, 1=0.125, 2=0.250, 3=0.500, 4=1.000<br><br>For ""bait removals""<br>There are a number of environmental and other card specific variables recorded, all should be self explanatory.<br>In addition, for each of the bait locations, there is the information of which ant species removed it and at what time (e.g. ""S1"" and ""T1"" for bait number 1), and also the first time of arrival of each species (on the entire bait card) and a brief description<br><br>For ""ant IDs""<br>""Identified.by"" is the person who identified the samples<br>""Order"" is the order the samples were processed in (can help with any error checking)<br>""Site"" refers to SAFE sampling site location<br>""Date"" is date of field sampling<br>""Block"" is the SAFE sampling area<br>""ant.sp.on.sheets"" refers to the ant species number WITHIN a dataset, i.e. it only goes up to 3 or 4 (corresponds to ""Species"" in file ""ant attendance"")<br>""sp.description"" field description of species, variably in Malay, English or latin, depending on who was observing<br>""Count"" number of individuals collected and identified<br>Then remaining columns are morphospecies numbers (see file ""morphospecies"") with entries in cells being the number of individuals collected and identified.<br><br>For ""morphospecies""<br>""Order for IDs"" is the order morphospecies were accumulated - was useful for error checking<br>""Morph. No"" the morphospecies number, corresponds to columns in ""ant attendance summary"" and ""ant IDs""<br>""Genus"" the genus of ant - note that the IDs were done a few years ago and taxonomy has not been updated<br>""Description"" description of morphospecies to help distinguish it from others in the same genus<br>""Weber's length (mm)"" Sizes as Weber's length, the maximum length of the ant alitrunk, measured using a graticule/binocular microscope and averaged from between 1 and 5 minor workers from each species<br>""Delta N"" trophic data - see below<br>""Notes"" noted cases where trophic data were from a different source<br>""N"" number of individuals measured for Weber's length (most commonly n=1)<br><br>Trophic data are enrichment levels of Nitrogen isotopes - higher values indicate that a species is more predatory, lower that it is more hebivorous. Most data are averages at the genus level from Woodcock et al. (2013) and Pfeiffer et al. (2013). For data from Woodcock et al (2013), a mean was taken for measurements from the two habitats - primary forest and logged forest. For genera represented in both studies (Woodcock and Pfeiffer), a mean was taken for the values from both<br>However, where there was no genus-level data available from these publications on litter ants, data were used from canopy samples from Davidson et al. (2003) and Bluthgen et al. (2003). Where this was done it is noted<br>For a few genera there are no trophic data at all.<br><br>Sources for trophic data<br>Blüthgen, N., G. Gebauer, and K. Fiedler. 2003. Disentangling a rainforest food web using stable isotopes: dietary diversity in a species-rich ant community. Oecologia 137:426-435.<br>Davidson, D. W., S. C. Cook, R. R. Snelling, and T. H. Chua. 2003. Explaining the abundance of ants in lowland tropical rainforest canopies. Science 300:969-972.<br>Pfeiffer, M., D. Mezger, and J. Dyckmans. 2013. Trophic ecology of tropical leaf litter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) – a stable isotope study in four types of Bornean rain forest. Myrmecological News 19:31-41.<br>Woodcock, P., D. P. Edwards, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2013. Impacts of Intensive Logging on the Trophic Organisation of Ant Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot. PLoS ONE 8:e60756."</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/91"><b>How does forest conversion and fragmentation affect ant communities and the ecosystem processes that they mediate?</b></a></p><p><b>Funding: </b>These data were collected as part of research funded by: </p><ul><li>Sime Darby Foundation (Grant)</li></ul><p>This dataset is released under the CC-BY 4.0 licence, requiring that you cite the dataset in any outputs, but has the additional condition that you acknowledge the contribution of these funders in any outputs.</p><p></p><p><b>Permits: </b>These data were collected under permit from the following authorities:</p><ul><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (Research licence NA)</li></ul><p></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=3876227">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: Ant_Bait_Removal_SAFE_database.xlsx</p><p><b>Ant_Bait_Removal_SAFE_database.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 6 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Ant Attendance</b> (described in worksheet Ant_Attendance)</p><p>Description: Ant Attendance</p><p>Number of fields: 6</p><p>Number of data rows: 8186</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Order</b>: Order in which samples processed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Site</b>: SAFE order point (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Location</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Taxa</b>: refers to the ant species number within that site (ranges from 1 up to 2 or 3, occasionally more) (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>Time_period</b>: refers to the start time of the five minute period for which ant attendance at the bait was recorded (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Abundance</b>: Abundance within selected 5 minute period (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>Ant Attendance Summary</b> (described in worksheet Ant_Attendance_Summary)</p><p>Description: Ant Attendance Summary</p><p>Number of fields: 274</p><p>Number of data rows: 332</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>SAFE_location</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Block</b>: SAFE fragment (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>sp_1</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_2</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_3</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_4</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_5</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_6</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_7</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_8</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_9</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_10</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_11</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_12</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_13</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_14</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_15</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_16</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_17</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_18</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_19</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_20</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_21</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_22</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_23</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_25</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_26</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_27</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_29</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_30</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_31</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_32</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_33</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_34</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_35</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_36</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_38</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_39</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_40</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_41</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_42</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_43</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_44</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_45</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_46</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_47</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_48</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_49</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_50</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_51</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_52</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_53</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_54</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_55</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_56</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_58</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_59</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_60</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_61</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_62</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_63</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_65</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_66</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_67</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_68</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_69</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_71</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_72</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_73</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_74</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_75</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_76</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_77</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_78</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_79</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_80</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_81</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_82</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_83</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_85</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_86</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_87</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_88</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_89</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_90</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_91</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_92</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_93</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_94</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_95</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_96</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_97</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_98</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_99</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_100</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_101</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_102</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_104</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_105</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_106</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_108</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_109</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_110</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_111</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_112</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_113</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_114</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_115</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_116</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_117</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_120</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_121</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_122</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_124</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_125</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_126</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_127</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_128</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_129</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_130</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_132</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_133</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_134</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_135</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_136</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_137</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_138</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_139</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_140</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_141</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_142</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_143</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_144</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_145</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_146</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_147</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_148</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_149</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_150</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_151</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_152</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_153</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_155</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_157</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_158</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_160</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_161</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_162</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_163</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_165</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_167</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_168</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_169</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_170</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_171</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_172</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_174</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_175</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_176</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_177</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_179</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_180</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_181</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_182</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_184</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_185</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_187</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_188</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_189</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_190</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_191</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_192</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_193</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_194</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_195</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_197</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_198</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_199</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_200</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_201</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_202</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_203</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_204</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_206</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_208</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_209</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_210</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_211</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_213</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_214</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_215</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_216</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_219</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>sp_220</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_1</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_2</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_3</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_4</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_5</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_6</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_7</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_8</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_9</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_10</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_11</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_12</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_13</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_14</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_15</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_16</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_17</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_18</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_19</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_20</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_21</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_22</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_23</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_24</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_25</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_26</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_27</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_28</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_29</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_30</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_31</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_32</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_33</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_34</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_35</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_36</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_37</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_38</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_39</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_40</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_41</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_42</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_43</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_44</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_45</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_46</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_47</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_48</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_49</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_50</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_51</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_52</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_53</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_54</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_55</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_56</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_57</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_58</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_59</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_60</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_61</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_62</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_63</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_64</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_65</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_66</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_67</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_68</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_69</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_70</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_71</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_72</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_73</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_74</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_75</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_76</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_77</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_78</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>unid_sp_79</b>: Total number of ants visiting card, column name refers to morphospecies ID (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>Bait Locations</b> (described in worksheet Bait_Locations)</p><p>Description: Bait Locations</p><p>Number of fields: 30</p><p>Number of data rows: 500</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Sheetname_1</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_2</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_3</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_4</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_5</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_6</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_7</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_8</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_9</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_10</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_11</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_12</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_13</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_14</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_15</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_16</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_17</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_18</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_19</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_20</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_21</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_22</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_23</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_24</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_25</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_26</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_27</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_28</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_29</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sheetname_30</b>: Locations of baits placed on each card, column numbers relate to the location, cell values equate to size of bait (see summary sheet) (Field type: numeric)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>Bait Removals</b> (described in worksheet Bait_Removals)</p><p>Description: Bait Removals</p><p>Number of fields: 86</p><p>Number of data rows: 332</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Order</b>: Order samples sorted (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Location</b>: Point within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Site</b>: SAFE sampling point number (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Data_entered_by</b>: Data entered by (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Fragment</b>: SAFE fragment (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Habitat</b>: Habitat (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Area</b>: Fragment area (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Transect_Order</b>: Trasect order (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Observer</b>: Observer (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Weather</b>: Weather (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Temp_before</b>: Temperature at start (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Temp_after</b>: Temperature at end (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Hum_before</b>: Humidity at start (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Hum_after</b>: Humidity at end (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Start_time</b>: Start time (Field type: time)</li><li><b>End_time</b>: End time (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Forest_score</b>: SAFE forest quality score (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Wetness</b>: Wetness (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Litter_depth_1</b>: Litter depth (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Litter_depth_2</b>: Litter depth (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Litter_depth_3</b>: Litter depth (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Slope</b>: Slope (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Lat</b>: Latitude (Field type: latitude)</li><li><b>Long</b>: Longitude (Field type: longitude)</li><li><b>Sheet_number</b>: Sheet number (corresponds to column names in Bait_Locations) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Time_1</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_1</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_2</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_2</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_3</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_3</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_4</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_4</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_5</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_5</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_6</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_6</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_7</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_7</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_8</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_8</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_9</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_9</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_10</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_10</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_11</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_11</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_12</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_12</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_13</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_13</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_14</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_14</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_15</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_15</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_16</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_16</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_17</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_17</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_18</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_18</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_19</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_19</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_20</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_20</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_21</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_21</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_22</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_22</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_23</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_23</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_24</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_24</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_25</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_25</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_26</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_26</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_27</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_27</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_28</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_28</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_29</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_29</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Time_30</b>: Time bait removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Sp_30</b>: Species that removed bait (Field type: numeric trait)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>Ant Ids</b> (described in worksheet Ant_IDs)</p><p>Description: Ant Ids</p><p>Number of fields: 202</p><p>Number of data rows: 1141</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Identified_by</b>: Identifier (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Order</b>: Order identified in (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>SAFE_location</b>: First order point where the bait was placed (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Site</b>: SAFE first order point number (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date of field sampling (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Block</b>: SAFE fragment (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Taxa</b>: Refers to the ant species number within the taxa sheet (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>Count</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_1</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_2</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_3</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_4</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_5</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_6</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_7</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_8</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_9</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_10</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_11</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_12</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_13</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_14</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_15</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_16</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_17</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_18</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_19</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_20</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_21</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_22</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_23</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_24</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_25</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_27</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_29</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_30</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_31</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_32</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_33</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_34</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_35</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_36</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_38</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_39</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_40</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_41</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_42</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_43</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_44</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_45</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_46</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_47</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_48</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_49</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_50</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_51</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_52</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_53</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_54</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_55</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_56</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_58</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_59</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_60</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_61</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_62</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_63</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_65</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_66</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_67</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_68</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_69</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_71</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_72</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_73</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_74</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_75</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_76</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_77</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_78</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_79</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_80</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_81</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_82</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_83</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_85</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_86</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_87</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_88</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_89</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_90</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_91</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_92</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_93</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_94</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_95</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_96</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_97</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_98</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_99</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_100</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_101</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_102</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_104</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_105</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_106</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_108</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_109</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_110</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_111</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_112</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_113</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_114</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_115</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_116</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_117</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_120</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_121</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_122</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_124</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_125</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_126</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_127</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_128</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_129</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_130</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_132</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_133</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_134</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_135</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_136</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_137</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_138</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_139</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_140</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_141</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_142</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_143</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_144</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_145</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_146</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_147</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_148</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_149</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_150</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_151</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_152</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_153</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_155</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_156</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_157</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_158</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_159</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_160</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_161</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_162</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_163</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_165</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_167</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_168</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_169</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_170</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_171</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_172</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_174</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_175</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_176</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_177</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_179</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_180</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_181</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_182</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_184</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_185</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_187</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_188</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_189</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_190</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_191</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_192</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_193</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_194</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_195</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_197</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_198</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_199</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_200</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_201</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_202</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_203</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_204</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_206</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_208</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_209</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_210</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_211</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_213</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_214</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_215</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_216</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_219</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Sheetname_220</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>Morphospecies</b> (described in worksheet Morphospecies)</p><p>Description: Morphospecies</p><p>Number of fields: 6</p><p>Number of data rows: 201</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Order</b>: Order identified (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Taxa</b>: Morphospecies identifier (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>Morphospecies</b>: Ant morphospecies (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Webers_length</b>: Sizes as Weber's length, the maximum length of the ant alitrunk (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Delta_N</b>: Stable isotope ratios of Delta N (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Number</b>: No of individuals used to measure Weber's length (Field type: numeric)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2011-01-27 to 2012-07-25</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.5000 to 5.0700</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.7500 to 117.8200</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div> -  Animalia <br> -  -  Arthropoda <br> -  -  -  Insecta <br> -  -  -  -  Hymenoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Formicidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_28] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_NA] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_1] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_3] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_4] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_5] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_6] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_7] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_8] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_9] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_10] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_11] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_12] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_13] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_14] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_15] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_16] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_17] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_18] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_19] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_20] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_21] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_22] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_23] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_24] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_25] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_26] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_27] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_28] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_29] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_30] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_31] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_32] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_33] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_34] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_35] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_36] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_37] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_38] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_39] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_40] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_41] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_42] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_43] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_44] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_45] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_46] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_47] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_48] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_49] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_50] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_51] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_52] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_53] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_54] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_55] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_56] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_57] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_58] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_59] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_60] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_61] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_62] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_63] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_64] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_65] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_66] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_67] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_68] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_69] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_70] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_71] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_72] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_73] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_74] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_75] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_76] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_77] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_78] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [unid_sp_79] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cataulacus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_1] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_44] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cardiocondyla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_86] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_95] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_193] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meranoplus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_69] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_134] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Proatta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_80] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Oecophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_209] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platythyrea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_147] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pachycondyla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_3] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_60] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_97] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_162] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetraponera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_132] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_203] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myrmoteras</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_48] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cerapachys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_9] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_151] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_168] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_215] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prenolepis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_73] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetramorium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_12] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_24] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_25] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_27] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_47] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_85] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_87] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_90] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_113] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_161] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_188] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_192] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_195] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_204] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Camponotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_18] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_19] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_39] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_78] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_89] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_103] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_114] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_127] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_133] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_142] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_143] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_182] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_186] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_208] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_214] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_220] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Acanthomyrmex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_42] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myrmecina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_66] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_126] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_176] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_184] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_213] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pheidologeton</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_46] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_82] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_116] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_129] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_219] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophomyrmex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_21] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_43] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptogenys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_15] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_67] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_68] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_77] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_139] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_140] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_146] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_160] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myrmicaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_13] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_79] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_110] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_148] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_150] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_158] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euprenolepis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_17] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_41] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Monomorium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_93] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_96] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crematogaster</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_22] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_33] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_71] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_91] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_120] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_138] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_165] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_180] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_181] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polyrhachis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_31] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_49] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_72] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_98] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_100] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_117] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_118] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_135] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_141] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_144] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_169] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_171] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_172] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_179] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_210] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_221] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iridomyrmex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_187] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_190] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Odontomachus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_75] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pheidole</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_10] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_11] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_26] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_29] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_32] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_36] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_38] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_55] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_56] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_59] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_62] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_63] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_65] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_70] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_83] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_88] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_99] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_102] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_104] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_105] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_108] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_109] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_111] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_128] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_130] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_137] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_149] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_152] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_153] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_156] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_157] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_159] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_167] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_170] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_174] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_175] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_185] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_194] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_197] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_199] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_206] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dolichoderus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_4] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_54] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_101] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Odontoponera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_34] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphaenogaster</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_53] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gnamptogenys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_7] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_8] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_74] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_122] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_124] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nylanderia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_23] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_45] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_51] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_58] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_81] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_112] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_125] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_145] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_191] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_200] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_201] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tapinoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_189] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhoptromyrmex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_131] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vollenhovia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_30] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_155] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_216] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aenictus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_211] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Technomyrmex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_20] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_61] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_121] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_163] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_202] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paraparatrechina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_5] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_6] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_76] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_198] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Carebara</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_50] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_52] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Loweriella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_14] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diacamma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_16] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Echinopla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_35] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anoplolepis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_136] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Plagiolepis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_40] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pristomyrmex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_92] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Recurvidris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_106] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_177] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mayriella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_115] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ochetellus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [sp_94] <br></div><p></p>
Ecosystem process rates across SAFE project forest quality gradient
<b>Description: </b><p>Examining rates at which vertebrate and invertebrate functional groups carry out 3 key ecosystem functions (seed removal, invertebrate predation and scavenging) and whether this changes across the SAFE project forest quality gradient. At second order sites (tree plots) within the SAFE project landscape, bait stations to test these three processes were set up. These consisted of 10 seeds (to test seed removal), live mealworm (to test invertebrate predation) or dead mealworm (to test scavenging). 3 bait stations for each ecosystem process set up in a triangle at the third order point (insect point). These consisted of baits attached to a plastic leaf. Each of these bait stations was assigned vertebrate exclusion treatment (wire cage), invertebrate exclusion (insect glue) or control (no exclusion). Data obtained from LIDAR used as a proxy for forest quality. This should help unravel how ecosystem process rates and the dominant functional group carrying out these processes may change as forests are degraded.</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/152"><b>MRes Tropical Forest Ecology Field Course</b></a></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=3908118">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: Ecosystem_Process_Rates.xlsx</p><p><b>Ecosystem_Process_Rates.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 1 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Rates of Ecosystem Processes</b> (described in worksheet Ecosystem-Process-Rates)</p><p>Description: Results from ecosystem process rates experiments (described above)</p><p>Number of fields: 29</p><p>Number of data rows: 2039</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>ID</b>: Location of sampling point (Field type: location)</li><li><b>ec5_uuid</b>: Entry code on epicollect (Field type: id)</li><li><b>created_at</b>: Date and Time (Field type: datetime)</li><li><b>created_by</b>: Author email (Field type: id)</li><li><b>title</b>: Title of entry on epicollect (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X2_Block</b>: Site ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X3_Tree_plot_ID</b>: Tree plot number (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X4_Picture_of_tree_pl</b>: Photo of tree plot tag (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X5_Insect_point_ID</b>: Insect point number (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X6_Picture_of_insect_</b>: Photo of insect point tag (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X7_Repeat</b>: Repeat (Field type: replicate)</li><li><b>X8_Treatment</b>: Treatment categories (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>X9_Date</b>: Date (Field type: date)</li><li><b>X10_Time</b>: Time (Field type: time)</li><li><b>X11_Ecosystem_Process</b>: Ecosystem process (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>X13_Seeds_removed</b>: Number of seeds removed (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>X14_Seeds_partially_e</b>: Number of seeds partially eaten (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>X15_Seeds_untouched</b>: Number of seeds untouched (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>X17_Live_mealworm</b>: Level of consumption of live mealworm (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>X19_Dead_mealworm</b>: Level of consumption of dead mealworm (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>X20_Condition_of_trap</b>: Condition of trap (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>lat_22_GPS</b>: NA (Field type: latitude)</li><li><b>long_22_GPS</b>: NA (Field type: longitude)</li><li><b>accuracy_22_GPS</b>: GPS accuracy level (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>X23_Observer_initials</b>: Observer identity (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X24_Photo_of_plastic_</b>: Photo of bait station - photos stored online at Epicollect5 (Field type: id)</li><li><b>X25_Comments</b>: Any additional comments (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>Dead_mealworm_binary</b>: Dead mealworm presence (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Live_mealworm_binary</b>: Live mealworm presence (Field type: categorical)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2019-02-04 to 2019-02-21</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.6876 to 4.7494</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.9558 to 117.6197</p>
Determinants of ecosystem stability in a diverse temperate forest
<p><span>Understanding how diversity affects ecosystem stability is crucial for predicting the consequences of continued habitat and biodiversity loss on ecosystem functions and services. Long-term productivity stability in plant communities is often associated with greater species, phylogenetic or functional diversity, more complex size and age structures, or higher asynchrony in species fluctuations (compensatory dynamics), all potentially increasing community resistance to perturbations. However, the relative importance of these stabilizing pathways is still poorly understood, especially in old-growth species-rich forests. Here we explore how compensatory dynamics and multiple facets of diversity underpin temporal stability of wood biomass production over forty years in a Japanese temperate forest, based on more than 45,500 stem increments from 15 species. Whereas the effect of species richness and phylogenetic diversity was small, the old-growth structural attributes markedly increased community stability via increased asynchrony in the performance of co-occurring species. Greater standing tree volume, stem density and interspecific variation in growth rates enhanced productivity stability both directly and indirectly via increased asynchrony. This corroborates the predictions of increased compensatory dynamics with increased asymmetric competition for light in a more productive environment. Asymmetric competition in old-growth patches, between dominant oaks and sub-canopy shade-tolerant firs and maples, is a major driver of productivity stability over time via compensatory dynamics. Overall productivity remains relatively constant in old-growth patches, as abundant firs and maples in the lower canopy layers compensate for biomass losses in canopy oaks caused by aging, wind and snow disturbances. Younger forest patches, composed of fast-growing, shade-intolerant species, had a lower stability of productivity, with reduced stem basal area and tree density due to higher understory bamboo coverage preventing tree regeneration and growth. We provide new insights into mechanisms underlying the stability of ecosystem functioning in diverse forest ecosystems, and emphasize the importance of preserving and supporting old-growth forests and their structural complexity.</span></p>
Supplementary material 3 from: Eddy B, Muggridge M, LeBlanc R, Osmond J, Kean C, Boyd E (2020) An Ecological Approach for Mapping Socio-Economic Data in Support of Ecosystems Analysis: Examples in Mapping Canada's Forest Ecumene. One Ecosystem 5: e55881. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.5.e55881
Supplement C - Labour Force Distribution Maps of Natural Resource Sectors in Canada
Supplementary material 2 from: Eddy B, Muggridge M, LeBlanc R, Osmond J, Kean C, Boyd E (2020) An Ecological Approach for Mapping Socio-Economic Data in Support of Ecosystems Analysis: Examples in Mapping Canada's Forest Ecumene. One Ecosystem 5: e55881. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.5.e55881
Supplement B - GIS Procedure for Mapping Labour Force Distribution
Supplementary material 1 from: Eddy B, Muggridge M, LeBlanc R, Osmond J, Kean C, Boyd E (2020) An Ecological Approach for Mapping Socio-Economic Data in Support of Ecosystems Analysis: Examples in Mapping Canada's Forest Ecumene. One Ecosystem 5: e55881. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.5.e55881
Supplement A - GIS Procedure for Population Estimation
How does prescribed fire shape bird and plant communities in a temperate dry forest ecosystem?
<p>To mitigate the impact of severe wildfire on human society and the environment, prescribed fire is widely used in forest ecosystems to reduce fuel loads and limit fire spread. To avoid detrimental effects on conservation values, it is imperative to understand how prescribed fire affects taxa having a range of different adaptations to disturbance. Such studies will have greatest benefit if they extend beyond short-term impacts of burning. We used a field study to examine the effects of prescribed fire on birds and plants across a 36-year post-fire chronosequence in a temperate dry forest ecosystem in south-eastern Australia, and by making comparison with long-unburnt reference sites (79 years since wildfire). We modelled changes in the relative abundance of 22 bird species and the cover of 39 plant species, and examined how individual species, functional groups, species richness and community composition differed between sites with different fire history. For most individual bird and plant species modelled, relative abundance or cover at sites subject to prescribed fire did not change significantly with time since fire or differ from that of long-unburnt vegetation. When bird species were pooled into functional groups, time since prescribed fire had strong effects on birds that forage in the lower-midstorey, facultative-resprouting shrubs and obligate-seeding shrubs. Species richness for both taxa did not differ between sites subject to prescribed fire and those in long-unburnt vegetation. Bird communities varied significantly between the youngest (0-3 years) and oldest (79 years) post-fire age-classes, driven by species associated with understorey vegetation. Plant community composition showed little evidence of a post-fire successional trajectory. The prevalence of bird species with broad habitat and dietary niches and plant regeneration through resprouting, make bird and plant communities in these forests relatively resilient to small and patchy prescribed fires they have experienced to date. Application of prescribed fire will be most compatible with maintaining biodiversity by taking a landscape approach that: 1) plans for a geographic spread of stands with a range of between-prescribed-fire intervals to ensure provision of suitable habitat for all taxa, and 2) avoids burning in moist gullies to maintain their value as fire refuges.</p>
Data from: Molecular field analysis of trophic relationships in soil-dwelling invertebrates to identify mercury, lead and cadmium transmission through forest ecosystems
Contamination pathways in complex food chains in soil ecosystems can be difficult to elucidate. Molecular analysis of predator gut content can, however, rapidly reveal previously unidentified trophic interactions between invertebrates and thereby uncover pathways of pollutant spread. Here we measured concentrations of the toxic metals lead, cadmium and mercury in carabid beetle predators and their prey. Invertebrates were sampled at one control and four heavy metal polluted sites in order to reveal the impact of diet composition and seasonal variation in prey availability on metal burden in carabids and metal transfer pathways through forest ecosystems. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of carabid diet composition based on PCR analysis of gut contents at the forest community level, rather than in cultivated fields. Extensive screening using group- and species-specific primers revealed that carabids ate primarily earthworms and slugs, as well as smaller numbers of woodlice and springtails. Metal concentrations in carabids correlated with seasonal changes in diet. Mercury accumulated in beetle predators more than in their slug prey. Since earthworms, slugs and carabid beetles are the major prey of many birds and mammals, prey-predator transfer and associated toxicity are major risks at mercury-contaminated sites. Carabids may be useful bioindicators for assessing the impact of pollutants on soil ecosystems, as long as species and seasonal factors are taken into account.
Data from: Subordinate plants sustain the complexity and stability of soil micro-food webs in natural bamboo forest ecosystems
Subordinate plants have a significant impact on soil organisms in primary successional floodplains and grassland ecosystems, but their role in subtropical forest ecosystems remains unclear. An experiment was conducted in a subtropical forest to test the hypothesis that removal of shrubs or subordinate arbour tree species would reduce the complexity and stability of the soil micro-food web. Principal response curves (PRCs) were performed to assess the responses of soil microbial and nematode communities to plant removal compared with a control through time. The effect of plant removal on complexity and stability in the soil micro-food web was assessed using a suite of indices including ratio of omnivorous-predatory to herbivorous nematode abundance (OP : H ratio), nematode diversity, resistance and resilience. Furthermore, increments of bamboo productivity among treatments were estimated. Soil microbial community structure changed in response to plant removal in 2009, but recovered in 2010, and the only change observed was increased soil fungal biomass. In contrast, plant removal had greater impact on soil nematode community composition in 2010 than 2009. Subordinate arbour tree species removal (with or without shrubs) decreased the values of nematode richness, evenness, diversity, ratio of microbial-feeding to herbivorous nematode abundance (M : H ratios), OP : H ratios and resistance indices in 2010, but only decreased OP : H ratios in 2009 and increased the values of nematode dominance in 2010. Although increments in bamboo productivity were statistically similar among treatments, there was a trend decreasing progressively from control to shrub removal + selective-cutting of subordinate arbour tree species, shrub removal, and selective-cutting of subordinate arbour tree species treatments. Synthesis and applications. Subordinate plants help sustain the complexity and stability of soil micro-food webs in subtropical bamboo forest ecosystems. Therefore, protection of subordinate plants and maintaining high plant diversity are important parts of a responsible management strategy in subtropical bamboo forests.
Data from: Variation in leaf anatomical traits from tropical to cold-temperate forests and linkage to ecosystem functions
1. Leaf anatomical traits may reflect plant's adaption to environmental changes and influence ecosystem functions, as they regulate light absorption and gas exchange to some extent. Here, we hypothesized that leaf anatomical traits were closely related to gross primary productivity (GPP) because photosynthesis commonly occurs in the chloroplasts of palisade and spongy tissues in leaf. 2. Eight leaf anatomical traits were measured in 916 plant species inhabiting from tropical to cold-temperate forests in eastern China: adaxial epidermis thickness (AD), abaxial epidermis thickness (AB), leaf thickness (LT), palisade tissue thickness (PT), and spongy tissue thickness (ST), palisade-spongy tissue ratio (PT/ST), palisade tissue-leaf thickness ratio (PT/LT), and spongy tissue-leaf thickness ratio (ST/LT). 3. Leaf anatomical traits showed significant latitudinal patterns at species, plant functional groups (PFGs), and communities levels (P < 0.05), and they differed between PFG and community. Temperature and precipitation were the main factors influencing AD, AB, PT/ST, and PT/LT, explaining 33–72% of the total variation at large scale. Furthermore, AB, LT, PT/ST, and PT/LT were significantly correlated with the aridity index. 4. Our findings filled the data gap of plant anatomical traits at regional scales, and broadened current knowledge on the adaptation strategies of plant anatomical traits, which also provided new evidence for linkages of plant traits and functioning across natural communities.
Data from: Density-dependent vulnerability of forest ecosystems to drought
Climate models predict increasing drought intensity and frequency for many regions, which may have negative consequences for tree recruitment, growth, and mortality, as well as forest ecosystem services. Furthermore, practical strategies for minimizing vulnerability to drought are limited. Tree population density, a metric of tree abundance in a given area, is a primary driver of competitive intensity among trees, which influences tree growth and mortality. Manipulating tree population density may be a mechanism for moderating drought-induced stress and growth reductions, although the relationship between tree population density and tree drought vulnerability remains poorly quantified, especially across climatic gradients. In this study, we examined three long-term forest ecosystem experiments in two widely-distributed North American pine species, ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa (Lawson & C. Lawson) and red pine Pinus resinosa (Aiton), to better elucidate the relationship between tree population density, growth, and drought. These experiments span a broad latitude and aridity range and include tree population density treatments that have been purposefully maintained for several decades. We investigated how tree population density influenced resistance (growth during drought) and resilience (growth after drought compared to pre-drought growth) of stand-level growth during and after documented drought events. Our results show that relative tree population density was negatively related to drought resistance and resilience, indicating that trees growing at lower densities were less vulnerable to drought. This result was apparent in all three forest ecosystems, and was consistent across species, stand age, and drought intensity. Synthesis and applications. Our results highlighted that managing pine forest ecosystems at low tree population density represents a promising adaptive strategy for reducing the adverse impacts of drought on forest growth in coming decades. Nonetheless, the broader applicability of our findings to other types of forest ecosystems merits additional investigation.
FIGURE 21 in The diversity of a snake community in a karst forest ecosystem in the central Truong Son, Vietnam, with an identification key
FIGURE 21. Relation of forest and open landscape dwelling snake species in Phong Nha - Ke Bang.
FIGURE 19 in The diversity of a snake community in a karst forest ecosystem in the central Truong Son, Vietnam, with an identification key
FIGURE 19. Distribution pattern of snake species recorded from Phong Nha - Ke Bang.
FIGURE 13 in The diversity of a snake community in a karst forest ecosystem in the central Truong Son, Vietnam, with an identification key
FIGURE 13. Dorsal view of Lycodon sp. from Phong Nha - Ke Bang (ZFMK 86453). Photo: Ralf Hendrix
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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