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LoGov Germany Interview Report n°8

The interviews have been realised in the framework of the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018 project “LoGov - Local Government and the Changing Urban-Rural Interplay” as part of the implementation phase of the project. The interviews have been conducted with experts in the field of public administration, public law and political science, both researchers and practitioners, with the aim of widening the scope of the Country Report on Germany. To access the other interview reports on Germany, and to receive more information about the project, please visit: https://www.logov-rise.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823961.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

Repeated information of benefits reduces COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy: Experimental evidence from Germany

This replication package contains the raw data and code to replicate the findings reported in the paper. The data and code are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License. See LICENSE.txt for details. Software requirements All analysis were done in Stata version 16: <ul> <li>Add-on packages are included in scripts/libraries/stata and do not need to be installed by user. The names, installation sources, and installation dates of these packages are available in scripts/libraries/stata/stata.trk.</li> </ul> Instructions <ol> <li>Save the folder ‘replication_PLOS’ to your local drive.</li> <li>Open the master script ‘run.do’ and change the global pointing to the working direction (line 20) to the location where you save the folder on your local drive</li> <li>Run the master script ‘run.do’ to replicate the analysis and generate all tables and figures reported in the paper and supplementary online materials</li> </ol> Datasets <ul> <li>Wave 1 – Survey experiment: ‘wave1_survey_experiment_raw.dta’</li> <li>Wave 2 – Follow-up Survey: ‘wave2_follow_up_raw.dta'</li> <li>Map: shape-files ‘plz2stellig.shp’ ‘OSM_PLZ.shp’, area codes ‘Postleitzahlengebiete-_OSM.csv’_, (all links to the sources can be found in the script ‘04_figure2_germany_map.do’)</li> <li>Pretest: ‘pre-test_corona_raw.dta’</li> <li>For Appendix S7: ‘alter_geschlecht_zensus_det.xlsx’, ‘vaccination_landkreis_raw.dta’, ‘census2020_age_gender.csv’ (all links to the sources can be found in the script ‘06_AppendixS7.do’)</li> <li>For Appendix S10: ‘vaccination_landkreis_raw.dta’ (all links to the sources can be found in the script ‘07_AppendixS10.do’)</li> </ul> Descriptions of scripts 1_1_clean_wave1.do This script processes the raw data from wave 1, the survey experiment 1_2_clean_wave2.do This script processes the raw data from wave 2, the follow-up survey 1_3_merge_generate.do This script creates the datasets used in the main analysis and for robustness checks by merging the cleaned data from wave 1 and 2, tests the exclusion criteria and creates additional variables 02_analysis.do This script estimates regression models in Stata, creates figures and tables, saving them to results/figures and results/tables 03_robustness_checks_no_exclusion.do This script runs the main analysis using the dataset without applying the exclusion criteria. Results are saved in results/tables 04_figure2_germany_map.do This script creates Figure 2 in the main manuscript using publicly available data on vaccination numbers in Germany. 05_figureS1_dogmatism_scale.do This script creates Figure S1 using data from a pretest to adjust the dogmatism scale. 06_AppendixS7.do This script creates the figures and tables provided in Appendix S7 on the representativity of our sample compared to the German average using publicly available data about the age distribution in Germany. 07_AppendixS10.do This script creates the figures and tables provided in Appendix S10 on the external validity of vaccination rates in our sample using publicly available data on vaccination numbers in Germany.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Dataset and R code: Effects of temperature and air pollution on emergency ambulance dispatches: a time series analysis in a medium-sized city in Germany

Dataset and R script to replicate results in the manuscript "Effects of temperature and air pollution on emergency ambulance dispatches: a time series analysis in a medium-sized city in Germany", currently under review.

dryad40/100

Annual occupancy estimates for butterflies, grasshoppers and dragonflies in Bavaria (Germany), 1980-2019

Recent climate and land-use changes are having substantial impacts on biodiversity, including population declines, range shifts, and changes in community composition. However, few studies have compared these impacts among multiple taxa, particularly because of a lack of standardized time series data over long periods. Existing datasets are typically of low resolution or poor coverage, both spatially and temporally, thereby limiting the inferences that can be drawn from such studies. Here, we compare climate and land-use driven occupancy changes in butterflies, grasshoppers, and dragonflies using an extensive dataset of highly heterogeneous observation data collected in the central European region of Bavaria (Germany) over a 40-year period. Using occupancy models, we find occupancies (the proportion of sites occupied by a species in each year) of 37% of species have decreased, 30% have increased and 33% showed no significant trend. Butterflies and grasshoppers show strongest declines with 41% of species each. By contrast, 52% of dragonfly species increased. Temperature preference and habitat specificity appear as significant drivers of species trends. We show that cold-adapted species across all taxa have declined, while warm-adapted species have increased. In butterflies, habitat specialists have decreased, while generalists increased or remained stable. The trends of habitat generalists and specialists both in grasshoppers and semi-aquatic dragonflies however did not differ. Our findings indicate strong and consistent effects of climate warming across insect taxa. The decrease of butterfly specialists could hint towards a threat from land-use change, as especially butterfly specialists' occurrence depends mostly on habitat quality and area. Our study not only illustrates how these taxa showed differing trends in the past, but also provides hints on how we might mitigate the detrimental effects of human development on their diversity in the future.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Registration of brands from Germany's most active companies

This bar-plot shows the amount of brand registrations of Germany's most active companies in 2017 and 2019.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Brand registrations from Germany's most active companies

This dataset shows the amount of brand registrations from Germany's most active companies in 2017 and 2019.

Building fraction map of Germany (Sentinel-1/-2 based, 10m and 100m resolution)

This dataset features a map of building fractions (as opposed to built-up fractions including other impervious surfaces such as roads) for Germany on a 10m grid based on Sentinel-1A/B and Sentinel-2A/B time series. The data were created by using machine learning regression and spectral unmixing, using synthetically mixed training data. The dataset is completely based on freely accessible satellite imagery, and was validated with freely available building footprint reference data for three federal states. We recommend to use data at an aggregated resolution of 20m, 50m, or 100m, and to clip data at about 20% building fraction when using 10m resolution maps (or roughly the corresponding RMSE at any other resolution). Temporal extent Used Sentinel-2 data were acquired in 2018, and Sentinel-1 data were acquired in 2017 (see publication). The map is, thus, representative for 2017/2018. Validation results can be affected by building footprint reference data from different years. Data format The data come in tiles of 30x30km (see shapefile). The projection is EPSG:3035. The images are compressed GeoTiff files (*.tif). There is a mosaic in GDAL Virtual format (*.vrt), which can readily be opened in most Geographic Information Systems. Building fraction values are in percent, from 0 to 100. In the original dataset with 10m spatial resolution, fraction values are equivalent to area in m². In the aggregated dataset with 100m spatial resolution, the values must be multiplied with 100 in order to see area in m². Further information For further information, please see the publication or contact Franz Schug (franz.schug@geo.hu-berlin.de). A web-visualization of this dataset is available <a href="https://ows.geo.hu-berlin.de/webviewer/building-area/">here</a>. Publication Schug, F.; Frantz, D.; Okujeni, A.; Hostert, P. (2022). Sub-pixel building area mapping based on synthetic training data and regression-based unmixing using Sentinel-1 and -2 data. Remote Sensing Letters. DOI: 10.1080/2150704X.2022.2088253 Acknowledgements The dataset was generated by FORCE v. 3.6.1 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091124">paper</a>, <a href="https://github.com/davidfrantz/force">code</a>), which is freely available software under the terms of the GNU General Public License v. >= 3. Sentinel imagery were obtained from the <a href="https://scihub.copernicus.eu/">European Space Agency and the European Commission</a>. Sentinel-1 data were provided by <a href="https://eodc.eu/">EODC</a>. We thank the providers of the building footprint reference data (see publication). Funding This dataset was produced with funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (<a href="https://boku.ac.at/understanding-the-role-of-material-stock-patterns-for-the-transformation-to-a-sustainable-society-mat-stocks">MAT_STOCKS</a>, grant agreement No 741950).

Fig. 4. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 in An integrative redescription of Echiniscus quadrispinosus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae) from the terra typica in Taunus Mountain Range (Europe; Germany)

Fig. 4. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902, ♀. A*. Leg I outer cuticle with clearly visible stripes of tiny and regular granulation: a thin frontal stripe on the upper part of the leg (empty arrow), a wide stripe in the central part of the leg covering frontal and lateral side of the leg (empty arrowhead) and the most distal, thin stripe above claws on the ventral side of the leg (filled indented arrowhead) (PCM). B. Spine on leg I (arrowhead) (PCM). C. Spine on leg I (arrowhead) and thin frontal stripe on the upper part of the leg (empty arrow) (SEM). D*. Claws IV with dentate collar and finger-like papilla (filled arrow) (PCM). E. Vlaws IV with dentate collar and finger-like papilla (filled arrow); empty arrow indicates thin frontal stripe on the upper part of the leg (SEM). F. Claws of the II leg (PCM). * = manually assembled deep-focus image. Scale bars in micrometres (μm).

Fig. 3. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 in An integrative redescription of Echiniscus quadrispinosus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae) from the terra typica in Taunus Mountain Range (Europe; Germany)

Fig. 3. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902, ♀. A. Two ventral plates below the head, arrowheads (PCM). B. Two ventral rounded plates on the lateral sides of the gonopore, arrows (PCM). C. Lateral view of the entire animal; arrowheads indicate plates below the head; arrows indicate plates on the lateral sided of the gonopore; asterisk indicates gonopore (SEM). D. Ventral sculpture visible in PCM. Scale bars in micrometres (μm).

Fig. 1. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 in An integrative redescription of Echiniscus quadrispinosus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae) from the terra typica in Taunus Mountain Range (Europe; Germany)

Fig. 1. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902, ♀, habitus. A*–B. Dorsal view of the entire animal with typical chaetotaxy A-B-C-Cd-D-Dd-E (PCM and SEM, respectively). C. Lateral view; arrowhead indicates additional plate divided from the lateral margin of the scapular plate (SEM).D. Head and scapular plates and head appendages visible in SEM; empty arrow indicates external cirri, filled arrow indicates internal cirri, indented arrowhead indicates cephalic papillae, empty arrowhead indicates appendage A and filled arrowhead indicates clava. E. Lateral view of head and scapular plates; arrowhead indicates additional plate divided from the lateral margin of scapular plate (PCM). * = manually assembled deepfocus image. Scale bars in micrometres (μm).

Fig. 5. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 in An integrative redescription of Echiniscus quadrispinosus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae) from the terra typica in Taunus Mountain Range (Europe; Germany)

Fig. 5. Echiniscus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902, ♂. A*. Dorsal view of the entire animal with appendages B absent on both sides (chaetotaxy: A-C-Cd-D-Dd-E). B*. Two ventral rounded plates on the lateral sides of the gonopore (arrows); asterisk indicates gonopore. C–D. Lateral view of male with appendage B present only on one side of the body (chaetotaxy: A-B-C-Cd-D-Dd-E); arrowhead indicates presence and lack of appendage B. * = manually assembled deep-focus image. All PCM. Scale bars in micrometres (μm).

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2022View details →

Citizen Science Initiatives in Germany

This dataset contains original mapping data developed in the process of the Germany Citizen Science landscape review. In total, 29 German Citizen Science projects were analysed according to a common framework. During the mapping process, we weren’t always able to find information on things that interested us e.g. project impact, stakeholder engagement, the size of the volunteering force. But just because we couldn’t find something does not mean the results or activities did not happen. It goes without saying that absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. Failure to find some information on our part can be explained by the fact that we worked primarily with internet sources, so we had to make do with whatever publicly available information we could find within reasonable time.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Public Acceptance of Regional Redistribution in Germany: A Survey Experiment on the Perceived Deservingness of Regions

Codebook and data that support the findings of the study "Public Acceptance of Regional Redistribution in Germany: A Survey Experiment on the Perceived Deservingness of Regions" by Jan Gniza and Matthias Wrede. Published in the Journal of Social Policy. For further information on data collection see sheet "Cover" in the codebook.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Historical Arabidopsis thaliana genomes from Germany

We report short-read Illumina sequencing of 35 Arabidopsis thaliana herbarium specimens collected in Southern Germany from 1817 to 1957. The historical genomes were sequenced to an average depth of ~7X. The herbarium-derived sequences showed patterns of degradation typical of ancient DNA with average read lengths of 78 bp, endogenous DNA content between 26%-93% (mean 72%; median 74%) and enrichment of cytosine to thymine substitutions at the read’s termini. We provide the sequences to the public with open access.

Text-fig. 3. Upper Cretaceous to Oligocene/Miocene Sciadopityspollenites taxa, all scale bars in LM and SEM overview images 10 µm, scale bars in SEM detailed images 2 µm. a–f: cf. Sciadopityspollenites serratus from Vilui basin (Siberia), a – LM image, equatorial view, b – SEM equatorial overview with leptoma, c – detail SEM of leptoma? and echinate verrucae, d – LM image equatorial view, e – SEM of distal polar view, f – SEM detailed view of verrucate, echinate perforate sexine sculpturing; g–i: Sciadopityspollenites serratus from Bayerhof Maar (Germany), g – LM image of proximal polar side, h – SEM overview of distal polar side, i – SEM detail of verrucate, echinate, perforate sculpturing. in The Occurrence Of Pollen Of Sciadopityaceae Luerss. Through Time

Text-fig. 3. Upper Cretaceous to Oligocene/Miocene Sciadopityspollenites taxa, all scale bars in LM and SEM overview images 10 µm, scale bars in SEM detailed images 2 µm. a–f: cf. Sciadopityspollenites serratus from Vilui basin (Siberia), a – LM image, equatorial view, b – SEM equatorial overview with leptoma, c – detail SEM of leptoma? and echinate verrucae, d – LM image equatorial view, e – SEM of distal polar view, f – SEM detailed view of verrucate, echinate perforate sexine sculpturing; g–i: Sciadopityspollenites serratus from Bayerhof Maar (Germany), g – LM image of proximal polar side, h – SEM overview of distal polar side, i – SEM detail of verrucate, echinate, perforate sculpturing.

Text-fig. 6. Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov. a: Holotype, Inv.-No. 19076-2, scale bar 10 mm; b: Holotype, Inv.-No. 19076-2, detail, scale bar 1 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18091-1, scale bar 5 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18091-1, detail, scale bar 1 mm; e: Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov., Inv.-No. 18092-1, scale bar 10 mm; f: Inv.-No. 11024-1, scale bar 5 mm; g: Inv.-No. 18093, scale bar 10 mm; h: Inv.-No. 18093, detail, scale bar 1 mm. in New Leaf Species From The Upper Miocene Flora Of The Leaf-Bearing Wischgrund Clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany)

Text-fig. 6. Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov. a: Holotype, Inv.-No. 19076-2, scale bar 10 mm; b: Holotype, Inv.-No. 19076-2, detail, scale bar 1 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18091-1, scale bar 5 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18091-1, detail, scale bar 1 mm; e: Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov., Inv.-No. 18092-1, scale bar 10 mm; f: Inv.-No. 11024-1, scale bar 5 mm; g: Inv.-No. 18093, scale bar 10 mm; h: Inv.-No. 18093, detail, scale bar 1 mm.

Text-fig. 7. Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov. a: Inv.-No. 18051-1, scale bar 10 mm; b: Inv.-No. 3367-1, scale bar 10 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18014, scale bar 10 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18044-1, scale bar 1 mm; e: Inv.-No. 18047-1, scale bar 2 mm; f: Inv.-No. 18070-1, scale bar 2 mm. in New Leaf Species From The Upper Miocene Flora Of The Leaf-Bearing Wischgrund Clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany)

Text-fig. 7. Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov. a: Inv.-No. 18051-1, scale bar 10 mm; b: Inv.-No. 3367-1, scale bar 10 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18014, scale bar 10 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18044-1, scale bar 1 mm; e: Inv.-No. 18047-1, scale bar 2 mm; f: Inv.-No. 18070-1, scale bar 2 mm.

Text-fig. 4. Pyracantha pseudococcinea sp. nov. a: Holotype, Inv.-No. 3470-3, scale bar 5 mm; b: Inv.-No. 11034, scale bar 5 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18279, scale bar 5 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18372, scale bar 5 mm. in New Leaf Species From The Upper Miocene Flora Of The Leaf-Bearing Wischgrund Clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany)

Text-fig. 4. Pyracantha pseudococcinea sp. nov. a: Holotype, Inv.-No. 3470-3, scale bar 5 mm; b: Inv.-No. 11034, scale bar 5 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18279, scale bar 5 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18372, scale bar 5 mm.

Text-fig. 2. Stratigraphic position of the Wischgrund leaf-bearing clay (arrow) on the Klettwitz Tertiary plateau. in New Leaf Species From The Upper Miocene Flora Of The Leaf-Bearing Wischgrund Clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany)

Text-fig. 2. Stratigraphic position of the Wischgrund leaf-bearing clay (arrow) on the Klettwitz Tertiary plateau.

Text-fig. 2. Strobili of modern Equisetum hyemale L. in different stages of expansion/maturation. Living specimens from near Billerbeck in Westphalia, Germany. Scale bars 5 mm. in First Record Of Intact Equisetalean Strobili From The Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) Of The Isle Of Wight, Southern England

Text-fig. 2. Strobili of modern Equisetum hyemale L. in different stages of expansion/maturation. Living specimens from near Billerbeck in Westphalia, Germany. Scale bars 5 mm.