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676 results for “hydrologic”
Supporting Data: Characterizing Sub-Glacial Hydrology Using Radar Simulations
<p>Raw data from "A Simulation Approach to Characterizing Sub-Glacial Hydrology". </p> <p>THW2_UBH0c_X243a.M1D1 is the 1 dimensionally focused, high gain radargram from the IPR radar survey. </p> <p>Actual along-track IPR pick data for THW2_UBH0c_X243a are contained in file X243a_rad_data_foc.csv. Metadata are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>pst: flight line name</li> <li>long: observation longitude in decimal degrees (EPSG:4326)</li> <li>lat: observation latitude in decimal degrees (EPSG:4326)</li> <li>bed: bed pick elevation in [m]</li> <li>year: timestamp year</li> <li>day: timestamp day</li> <li>t_ms: timestamp miliseconds</li> <li>srf: surface pick elevation in [m]</li> <li>echo: bed echo strength [dB]</li> <li>thk: ice thickness [m]</li> <li>Lice: estimated 2-way attenuation loss [dB]</li> <li>R_bed: bed absolute reflectivity [dB]</li> <li>L_unc: 2-way attenuation loss uncertainty [dB]</li> </ul> <p>Simulated data: A folder for each simulation contains the files listed below.</p> <ul> <li>Inputs: <ul> <li>[INPUT] Trajectory_MRS.mat: values for simulated aircraft trajectory, including total # of rangelines (TrackLengthTot), aircraft position at each rangeline in [m] (sc_position_x, sc_position_y, sc_position_z), and aircraft velocity in [m/s] (sc_vel_x, sc_vel_y, sc_vel_z)</li> <li>bed.csv: lists all z-values in [m] for the bed surface</li> <li>chan.csv: lists all z-values in [m] for the channel surface</li> <li>params.txt: lists all pertinent parameters from the simulation</li> <li>surf.csv: lists all z-values in [m] for the ice surface</li> <li>xx.csv: lists all x-values in [m] for the ice surface</li> <li>xx_b.csv: lists all x-values in [m] for the bed and channel surface</li> <li>yy.csv: lists all y-values in [m] for the ice surface</li> <li>yy_b.csv: lists all y-values in [m] for the bed and channel surface</li> </ul> </li> <li>Radargrams: <ul> <li>RgramFocPWR_RM3_hamm.mat: Focused radargram power [dB]</li> <li>RgramRawPWR.mat: Raw radargram power [dB]</li> <li>RgramRCPWR.mat: Range-compressed radargram power [dB]<br> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Simulated hydrological effects of grooming and snowmaking in a ski resort on the local water balance
<p>Dataset to reproduce Figure 9 in Morin et. al, 2023, Simulated hydrological effects of grooming and snowmaking in a ski resort on the local water balance, Hydro. Earth. Syst. Sci.</p>
Data from: A multi-year case study highlighting the influence of hydrological conditions on epidemic dynamics in a natural plant pathosystem
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Resource redistribution mediated by hydrological connectivity modulates vegetation response to aridification in drylands
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Going with the flow? Relative importance of riverine hydrologic connectivity versus tidal influence for spatial structure of genetic diversity and relatedness in a foundational submersed aquatic plant
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Data for: Freeze tolerance influenced forest cover and hydrology during the Pennsylvanian
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Numerical model of the Messinian Mediterranean combining hydrological water balance, river erosion, and flexural isostasy: TISC code and input dataset for the Lago-Mare
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Snow depth, air temperature, humidity, soil moisture and temperature, and solar radiation data from the basin-scale wireless-sensor network in American River Hydrologic Observatory (ARHO)
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Hydrologic Field Measurements in Yahara River Watershed
These data are collected to support the Water Sustainability and Climate of the Yahara River Watershed Project. Hydrologic measurements include soil moisture, soil temperature, soil water potential, depth-to-groundwater-level, and water table elevation. They come from several different land cover types that are representative of the major categories within the Yahara River watershed of south-central Wisconsin. These types include forest, grassland, wetland, urban turfgrass-medium density, urban turfgrass-low density, and corn (WIBU sites). These data are being collected to observe differences in how water and energy are processed under different land cover types and to create calibration datasets for a separate project goal of creating a agro-biophysical model of the entire Yahara River watershed.
Effects of Hydrologic Connectivity and Species Differences on Riparian Poplar Growth (Rhône River, France)
Understanding how ecosystems will respond to the projected increase in drought conditions is a key factor in the larger debate on how to combat climate change. This is especially important for ecosystems intrinsically linked to the hydro system, such as riparian zones. We performed a dendrochronological analysis using the basal area increment of Populus alba and Populus nigra along the Rhône River in Brégnier-Cordon (France) to investigate how the two species respond to water stress. Samples were taken from sites of varying connectedness to the water table in order to simulate different drought conditions. Our goal was to understand if one of the species was more drought resistant, and therefore better adapted to survive declining groundwater levels. Results show that there is a significant correlation between annual growth and the species and site connectiveness to the water table. Not only was growth correlated to both variables separately, but there was significant correlation between growth and the interaction between the two. Our results indicate that the ecosystem structure regarding P. alba and P. nigra along this portion of the Rhône will change as drought conditions worsen as the species are affected significantly differently by water stress.
A case study of the effects of wetland restoration on the hydrology, species diversity, species composition and floristic quality of restored wetlands within a Central Florida ranchland, 2003 - ongoing.
In the USA the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) has restored millions of acres of wetlands through its Wetland Reserve Easement (WRE) programs. However few quantitative studies have explored whether WREs have enhanced wetland hydrology and wetland plant communities. Additionally USDA Compatible Use Permits for cattle grazing and other management practices are sometimes issued for WREs but little is known about potential benefits/detriments of such practice on the success of wetland restoration. In this study we tested if hydrological restoration of previously drained species poor pastures increased water depth and hydroperiod. Restoration involved plugging key ditches adding water control structures and a berm. We also tested if hydrological restoration increased plant diversity (alpha and beta) floristic quality (using coefficient of conservatism) and increased the cover of wetland species (using species wetland status). Finally we tested if cattle grazing had an effect on the success of restoration by comparing grazed plots to fenced plots. We studied two conservation easements (a total of 748 acres) located on semi-native pastures in central Florida USA. We monitored vegetation using permanent transects stratified by vegetation type before (2004-2005) and after (2012) the restoration (2008). We assessed wetland hydroperiod using groundwater wells set up in 2003 and located within and outside the boundaries of these two easements.
Chemistry of stream water for the Lamprey River Hydrologic Observatory
Stream water is collected at weekly to monthly intervals at several sites within the Lamprey River Hydrologic Observatory (LRHO). These data sets begin in 1999. Stream water grab samples are taken from a well-mixed portion of the stream channel on the routine sampling day (typically Tuesdays). Additional samples are collected during selected storm events. A continuous record of stream discharge is recorded by the United States Geological Survey (USGS 01073500) near the mouth of the Lamprey River and average daily and instantaneous stream discharge data are available. Hourly climate data are available from the NOAA NCDC U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) at a station (NH Durham 2 SSW) in the lower part of the watershed. Field meters are used to determine dissolved oxygen, pH and conductivity in the stream and stream samples are filtered (pre-combusted 0.7 μm Whatman GF/F glass fiber filter) and frozen prior to analysis unless otherwise specified. All analyses were conducted at the Water Quality Analysis Laboratory at the University of New Hampshire.
Habitat suitability and the distribution of species: Polygonatum biflorum demography data from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1998 to 2006
Metapopulation theory posits that suitable habitat may frequently be unoccupied because it is isolated and has never been colonized or has been colonized followed by local extinction and has not yet been recolonized. This research addresses the question of how to identify suitable, unoccupied habitat and distinguish it from unsuitable habitat. We are studying a group of six species of forest understory herbs chosen to represent a broad range of habitat distribution and dispersal characteristics. Our aim is to quantify the fundamental niche of these species (sensu Hutchinson 1957), in terms of variables such as soil moisture and temperature, by developing a set of habitat specific demographic stage transition models (i.e. conditional on such environmental variables) for these species. These models, in combination with data from field surveys of the local distribution of the species, will be used to develop testable predictive maps of the distribution of suitable habitat which can be compared to the observed distribution of the plants. We hypothesize that both dispersal ability and the distribution of suitable habitat are important determinants of the actual distribution of species. The goal of this research is both to further our conceptual understanding of the relationships between habitat requirements and species distributions, and to provide a practical approach to operationalizing the concept of "suitable habitat."
Growth-mortality relationships for southern Appalachian trees from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1995
Ecologists and foresters have long noted a link between tree growth rate and mortality, and recent work suggests that interspecific differences in low growth tolerance is a key force shaping forest structure. Little information is available, however, on the growth-mortality relationship for most species. We present three methods for estimating growth-mortality functions from readily obtainable field data. All use annual mortality rates and the recent growth rates of living and dead individuals. Annual mortality rates are estimated using both survival analysis and a Bayesian approach. Growth rates are obtained from increment cores. Growth-mortality functions are fitted using two parametric approaches and a non-parametric approach. The three methods are compared using bootstrapped confidence intervals and likelihood ratio tests. For two example species, Acer rubrum and Cornus florida, growth-mortality functions indicate a substantial difference in the two species abilities to withstand slow growth. Both survival analysis and Bayesian estimates of mortality rates lead to similar growth-mortality functions, with the Bayesian approach providing a means to overcome the absence of long-term census data. In fitting growth-mortality functions, the non-parametric approach reveals that inflexibility in parametric methods can lead to errors in estimating mortality risk at low growth. We thus suggest that non-parametric fits be used as a tool for assessing parametric models.
Tree seedling densities across an elevation and moisture gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1996 to 1999
First year seedling densities of all woody perennials (trees, vines, shrubs) were censused across five permanent vegetation plots to compare spatial distributions with adult trees, seed densities and seed bank densities.
Rhododendron maximum cover across an elevation gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1997 to 1999
Rhododendron maximum leaf area was measured at 167 locations to determine the spatial extent of this understory shrub, and compare Rhododendron maximum cover with seedling germination rates and seedling diversity (measured in another study). Rhododendron maximum leaf area index was determined at 167 points within each permanent vegetation plot. The initial 86 points were sampled in 1997, and the remainder sampled in the summer of 1999.
Gradient throughfall (thrufall) collection at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1992 to 1997
To investigate long term forest ecosystem responses to disturbance and stress along an elevational gradient, five plots were established as follows: xeric oak-pine (782 m), cove hardwood (795 m), low elevation mixed oak (865 m), high elevation mixed oak (1001 m), and northern hardwoods (1347 m). Phenomena being studied in these plots include: climatology, nutrient dynamics, decomposition, vegetation productivity and population dynamics, and below-ground processes. As part of study on nutrient dynamics, throughfall was sampled weekly and concentrations and fluxes were examined from each of the five gradient plots.
Microclimate Measurements from the Terrestrial Gradient Plots, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, North Carolina
The terrestrial gradient study at Coweeta compares vegetation, soils, and understory microclimate of five sites: 118 low elevation (782 m) pine-oak, 218 low elevation (795 m) cove hardwood, 318 low elevation (865 m) mixed oak, 427 high elevation (1001 m) mixed oak, 527 high elevation (1347 m) northern hardwood. Understory microclimate stations were installed in representative locations at the downslope margin of each 20 x 40 m gradient plot (within the 80 x 80 m plot).
Nitrogen transformation along an elevational and vegetative gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1991 to 1995
Examination of N-transformation along elevation and vegetation gradient. These measurements are analysis of plant nitrogen availability and overall site productivity.
Nitrogen transformation along an elevational and vegetative gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1991 to 1995
Examination of N-transformation along elevation and vegetation gradient. These measurements are analysis of plant nitrogen availability and overall site productivity.
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